Liver Research最新文献

{"title":"Immunotherapy as adjuvant therapy for a patient with adenosquamous carcinoma of the intrahepatic bile duct: A case report and literature review","authors":"Jun Feng ,&nbsp;Aimaiti Yasen ,&nbsp;Tianxing Dai ,&nbsp;Runbin Liang ,&nbsp;Zhihong Liao ,&nbsp;Ping He ,&nbsp;Zhihong Lin ,&nbsp;Guoying Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.06.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livres.2023.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) is a rare histological type of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, which includes both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. The clinical features, physical examination, routine laboratory tests, and imaging examinations of patients with ASC are nonspecific. ASC is easily misdiagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma, and patients with ASC always have a poor prognosis. This study reports a patient with ASC who was diagnosed based on pathological results, underwent surgical resection, and received postoperative chemotherapy (gemcitabine plus cisplatin) combined with immunotherapy (sintilimab). During the 1-year follow-up, the patient was in good condition, and no signs of cancer recurrence were noted. This case highlights that surgical resection and chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy may be feasible for patients with ASC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 156-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49868034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma: Current status, challenges, and prospects","authors":"Hongye Wang ,&nbsp;Zhaorong Wu ,&nbsp;Dan Cui ,&nbsp;Yaoping Shi ,&nbsp;Bo Zhai","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Local ablation technologies, such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA) and cryoablation, have become a standard treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) less than 5 cm in size, particularly in individuals who are not candidates for hepatectomy. Except for equivalent prognosis and efficiency, RFA has various advantages over surgical excision, including a lower rate of complications, a cheaper cost, more normal tissue preservation, and a shorter hospital stay. However, the rate of tumor recurrence and/or distant metastasis after RFA therapy is still high. RFA has been widely employed in multiple cancers, large cancer, and lesion identified at “high-risk” sites in recent years, with the advancement of ablation types and operating techniques, particularly the combined use of many technologies. The real value of RFA technology has been more fully reflected. We will examine the status, progress, and problems of RFA in the treatment of HCC in this review.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 108-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44697966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glucokinase activator improves glucose tolerance and induces hepatic lipid accumulation in mice with diet-induced obesity","authors":"Nan Cai ,&nbsp;Xuanrong Chen ,&nbsp;Jia Liu ,&nbsp;Zheyao Wen ,&nbsp;Siyin Wen ,&nbsp;Wen Zeng ,&nbsp;Shuo Lin ,&nbsp;Yanming Chen ,&nbsp;Guojun Shi ,&nbsp;Longyi Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus remains a substantial medical problem with increasing global prevalence. Pharmacological research is becoming increasingly focused on personalized treatment strategies. Drug development based on glucokinase (GK) activation is an important strategy for lowering blood glucose. This study aimed to investigate the effect of GK activation on glucose and lipid metabolism in diet-induced obese mice.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks to induce obesity, followed by a GK activator (GKA, AZD1656) or vehicle treatment by gavage for 4 weeks. The effect of GKA treatment on glucose metabolism was evaluated using glucose and insulin tolerance tests. Hepatic lipid accumulation was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, Oil Red O staining, and transmission electron microscopy. The underlying mechanism of GK activation in glucose and lipid metabolism in the liver was studied using transcriptomic analysis, with a mechanistic study in mouse livers <em>in vivo</em> and AML12 cells <em>in vitro</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>GK activation by GKA treatment improved glucose tolerance in HFD-fed mice while increasing hepatic lipid accumulation. Transcriptomic analysis of liver tissues indicated the lipogenesis and protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)-unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway activations in GKA-treated HFD-fed mice. Inhibition of the ACC activity, which is an important protein in lipogenesis, attenuated GKA treatment-induced lipid accumulation and PERK-UPR activation <em>in vitro</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>GK activation improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity while inducing hepatic lipid accumulation by increasing the lipogenic gene expression, which subsequently activated the hepatic PERK-UPR signaling pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 124-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43849433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative analysis of bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing data reveals distinct subtypes of MAFLD based on N1-methyladenosine regulator expression","authors":"Jinyong He ,&nbsp;Cuicui Xiao ,&nbsp;Cuiping Li ,&nbsp;Fan Yang ,&nbsp;Cong Du","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is now the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide, with an increasing incidence rate. MAFLD is a heterogeneous disease that can have a low or high-risk profile for developing severe liver disease in its natural course. Recent evidence has highlighted the critical role of RNA methylation modification in the pathogenesis of various liver diseases. However, it remains unclear whether the RNA N1-methyladenosine (m¹A) modification of immune cells could potentially contribute to the pathogenesis and heterogeneity of MAFLD.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>To address this issue, we conducted an integrated bioinformatics analysis of MAFLD bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data to pinpoint m¹A regulators in the network. This was followed by a description of the immune landscape, pathway enrichment analysis, and molecular subtyping.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The expression patterns of m¹A regulatory genes stratify MAFLD into two molecular subtypes, Cluster 1 and Cluster 2. These subtypes demonstrate different immune cell infiltration with distinct inflammation characteristics, which suggest different immune-inflammatory responses in the liver. Notably, Cluster 2 is associated with pro-inflammation and may be more likely to lead to progressive stages of MAFLD. Through intersection analysis of weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and m¹A regulatory genes, three true hub genes (<em>ALKBH1</em>, <em>YTHDC1</em>, and <em>YTHDF3</em>) were identified, all of which were strongly correlated with infiltrating immune cells. The specific signaling pathways involved in the three core genes were derived from genomic variation analysis. Furthermore, scRNA-seq data from 33,168 cells from six liver samples identified 26 cell clusters and eight cell types, with endothelial cells, macrophages, and monocytes showing the most significant differences between MAFLD and normal controls. The cell-cell communication network between immune cells and non-parenchymal cells was extremely sophisticated and changed significantly in MAFLD.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In summary, these findings demonstrate the involvement of m¹A in MAFLD heterogeneity and emphasize the crucial role of m¹A modulation of immune cells in regulating inflammation in MAFLD. These results may suggest potential therapeutic strategies for MAFLD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 145-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43789325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress on clinical prognosis assessment in liver failure","authors":"Xianghao Cai ,&nbsp;Yutian Chong ,&nbsp;Weiqiang Gan ,&nbsp;Xinhua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Liver failure is a group of clinical syndromes with a mortality rate of &gt;50%. The accurate evaluation of severity in patients with liver failure has been a meaningful and hot topic in clinical research and an important guide for liver transplantation. Numerous prognosis studies have emerged in recent years with high accuracy and adequate validity. Nonetheless, different models utilize distinct parameters and have unequal efficiencies, leading to a specific value and unique application situations for each model. This review focused on the progress in recent prognostic studies including the model for end-stage liver disease, sequential organ failure assessment and its derivative models, the Chinese Group on the Study of Severe Hepatitis B Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure, the Tongji prognostic predictor model, and other emerging prognostic models and predictors. This review aims to assist clinicians understand the framework of recent models and choose the appropriate model and treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 101-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42612890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loss of hepatic VMP1 trapped VLDL in the bilayer of endoplasmic reticulum membrane","authors":"Hong-Min Ni,&nbsp;Benjamin Ding,&nbsp;Allen Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 161-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43622910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin on immunometabolism, microbiome and liver diseases","authors":"Muhammad Umair Ijaz,&nbsp;Farzam Vaziri,&nbsp;Yu-Jui Yvonne Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metabolic diseases have overtaken infectious diseases as the most serious public health issue and economic burden in most countries. Moreover, metabolic diseases increase the risk of having infectious diseases. The treatment of metabolic disease may require a long-term strategy of taking multiple medications, which can be costly and have side effects. Attempts to expand the therapeutic use of vaccination to prevent or treat metabolic diseases have attracted significant interest. A growing body of evidence indicates that Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) offers protection against non-infectious diseases. The non-specific effects of BCG occur likely due to the induction of trained immunity. In this regard, understanding how BCG influences the development of chronic metabolic health including liver diseases would be important. This review focuses on research on BCG, the constellation of disorders associated with metabolic health issues including liver diseases and diabetes as well as how BCG affects the gut microbiome, immunity, and metabolism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 116-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46793543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Deficiency of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 sensitizes mouse liver to diethylnitrosamine and arsenic toxicity through inducing apoptosis” [Liver Res. 2 (2018) 100–107]","authors":"Jonathan Choiniere ,&nbsp;Matthew Junda Lin ,&nbsp;Li Wang ,&nbsp;Jianguo Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2022.11.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livres.2022.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 2","pages":"Page 164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49868033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneous population of macrophages in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","authors":"Ye Eun Cho,&nbsp;Yong Seong Kwon,&nbsp;Seonghwan Hwang","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2022.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livres.2022.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by a spectrum of hepatic diseases, including fatty liver, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD is a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and has become the leading cause of liver transplantation, necessitating an in-depth understanding of its underlying pathogenic mechanisms and the identification of viable drug targets. Although fatty liver is benign and does not exert marked liver damage or inflammation, NAFLD progression involves inflammatory processes facilitated by immune cells. Macrophages and monocytes constitute the pool of innate immune cells that contribute to NAFLD development in association with other cell types, such as neutrophils, T cells, and natural killer cells. The concept that macrophages contribute to the inflammatory processes in NAFLD development has long been debated; however, the remarkable advances in experimental techniques have rapidly uncovered new subpopulations of macrophages and monocytes, whose functions need to be comprehensively elucidated. The current review focuses on the recent expansion of our knowledge of the heterogeneous population of macrophages crucially involved in NAFLD development. In addition, the present paper discusses ongoing efforts to target macrophages and inflammatory processes to develop optimal therapeutic agents against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 16-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47369615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insights in the pathogenesis of alcohol-related liver disease: The metabolic, immunologic, and neurologic pathways☆","authors":"Tom Ryu,&nbsp;Kyurae Kim,&nbsp;Sung Eun Choi,&nbsp;Katherine Po Sin Chung,&nbsp;Won-Il Jeong","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2022.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livres.2022.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) became an important health issue worldwide. Following chronic alcohol consumption, the development of ALD might be caused by metabolic and immunologic factors, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. For example, hepatic cytochrome P450 2E1 enzyme increases ROS production and stimulates <em>de novo</em> lipogenesis after alcohol exposure. In addition, damage- and pathogen-associated molecular patterns stimulate their specific receptors in non-parenchymal cells, including Kupffer cells, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and lymphocytes, which result in hepatocyte death and infiltration of pro-inflammatory cells (<em>e.g.</em>, neutrophils and macrophages) in the liver. Moreover, our studies have suggested the novel involvement of neurologic signaling pathways (<em>e.g.</em>, endocannabinoid and glutamate) through the metabolic synapse between hepatocytes and HSCs in the development of alcohol-related hepatic steatosis. Additionally, agouti-related protein and beta2-adrenergic receptors aggravate hepatic steatosis. Furthermore, organ-crosstalk has emerged as a critical issue in ALD. Chronic alcohol consumption induces dysbiosis and barrier disruption in the gut, leading to endotoxin leakage into the portal circulation, or lipolysis-mediated transport of triglycerides from the adipose tissue to the liver. In summary, this review addresses multiple pathogeneses of ALD, provides novel neurologic signaling pathways, and emphasizes the importance of organ-crosstalk in the development of ALD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43878755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}