Product Innovation eJournal最新文献

{"title":"Valuing R&D Projects in a Portfolio: Evidence from the Pharmaceutical Industry","authors":"Karan Girotra, C. Terwiesch, K. Ulrich","doi":"10.1287/mnsc.1070.0703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1070.0703","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the value of a product development project is central to a firm's choice of project portfolio. The value of a project to a firm depends not only on its properties but also on the other projects being developed by the firm. This is due to interactions with the other projects that address the same consumer need and require the same development resources. In this study, we empirically investigate the structure and significance of these portfolio-level project interactions. Using a self-developed pharmaceutical industry data set, we conduct an event study around the failure of phase III clinical trials and their effect on the market valuation of the firm. The study exploits the natural experiment of a product development failure to give us a measure of the value of a drug development project to a firm. We then explain the variance in the value of projects based on interactions with other projects in the firm's portfolio. We find that the presence of other projects targeting the same market and a build-up of projects that require the same development resources reduce the value of a development project. In addition to providing evidence on the significance and structure of these portfolio-level project interactions, the empirical model estimated in this paper also provides a data-driven approach to valuing projects that may be relevant to licensing transactions.","PeriodicalId":367043,"journal":{"name":"Product Innovation eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131138050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open Source Drug Discovery: Finding a Niche (or Maybe Several)","authors":"S. Maurer","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1114371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1114371","url":null,"abstract":"Despite their novelty and importance, open source methods have been largely been limited to software. However, scholars have long suggested that it would be logical to organize at least one other field - drug discovery - using open source principles. This paper reviews today's relatively tentative attempts to organize open source biology collaborations and argues that more ambitious projects are feasible. Five specific projects are proposed and analyzed in detail. The article concludes by examining the special legal problems of writing open source licenses in the patent-dominated field of biology.","PeriodicalId":367043,"journal":{"name":"Product Innovation eJournal","volume":"152 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114049428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water and Food Safety Testing Products for New Zealand Mollusc Aquaculture Organizations: A Case Study in New Product Development","authors":"E. Coleman","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.1664891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.1664891","url":null,"abstract":"Current research indicates that customer-product interaction in the new product development life cycle strongly influences the success of a product in the marketplace. B2P Limited is a New Zealand biotechnology start-up specialising in microbiological products for testing of bacteria and pathogens in the global food and water based industries. “Water and Food Safety Testing Products for the New Zealand Mollusc Aquaculture Organisation: A Case Study in New Product Innovation” is an exploratory applied research project using case research methodology combining qualitative and quantitative methods for data gathering and analysis. The literature review has revealed that the global aquaculture industry is in need of improved water and food testing methods. The New Zealand aquaculture industry is growing rapidly and has similar needs. The objective of the research is to identify the criteria for potential adoption of three microbiological testing products in the mollusc sector of the New Zealand aquaculture industry. Four New Zealand commercial aquafarms were selected to participate in the field trials of three water and food testing products.The central aspect of the research undertook to identify, collect, analyse and report information taken from customer product interaction to establish criteria for adoption and potential use of product benefits. The research encompassed in the current study, sought to provide some information on the cost benefit scenarios and general applicability of the B2P tests within the aquaculture environment. The results of the field research are used to indicate the economic advantages or disadvantages of product use in comparison with existing products and processes in each of the aquafarms. A key potential benefit of the use of the B2P products is the improved quality of delivered shellfish as a result of a reduced risk of harvesting contaminated shellfish. A second key benefit is the increased revenues due to lower rejection in the market. Thirdly, the use of the B2P products gives the aquafarmer the capability to reduce the number of lost harvests and as a result to reduce wastage, reduce re-work and reduce the costs of production. Improved shellfish quality may increase volume of sales and open new markets. Improved quality of delivery may increase distributor orders.The knowledge gained should lead to potential B2P product and aquafarming product improvements and a greater knowledge of the criteria for B2P product adoption by potential markets in the global aquaculture industry. The research findings support the literature that customer-product interaction early in the new product development life cycle can improve the likelihood of new product success in new markets.","PeriodicalId":367043,"journal":{"name":"Product Innovation eJournal","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121775598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}