Health literacy research and practice最新文献

{"title":"New Directions for Health Literacy Research.","authors":"Barry D Weiss, Mary Ann Abrams, Elizabeth D Mansfield, Kristine Sørensen","doi":"10.3928/24748307-20231119-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/24748307-20231119-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36651,"journal":{"name":"Health literacy research and practice","volume":"7 4","pages":"e225-e228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10712374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138810695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Literacy and Health Care Utilization in Austria.","authors":"Andreas Kvas, Gregor Kvas","doi":"10.3928/24748307-20231019-01","DOIUrl":"10.3928/24748307-20231019-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Efficient use of health care is crucial for health care systems; the literature reveals that health literacy (HL) plays an important role in health services utilization.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the relationship between HL and health care utilization in Austria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Registered data of 1,010 persons in the general population concerning costs of doctor visits, medication costs, and number, days, and costs of hospitalization were analyzed using a cross-sectional design for the observation period 2017 to 2019. HL was measured as general, digital, and navigational HL using the Austrian part of the European Health Literacy Survey between March 2020 and May 2020. Multivariable two-part hurdle regressions with generalized linear models, considering sociodemographic variables and chronic illnesses, were conducted to investigate the relationship between HL and health care utilization.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>Navigational HL had a significant negative effect on the odds of causing costs at general practitioners, not adjusting (b = -0.02) and adjusting (b = -0.01) for sociodemographic variables and chronic illnesses. The effect was small, and no significant effect on any other type of analyzed health care was found.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Further research on specific populations (e.g., persons with chronic diseases such as diabetes), rather than the general population, may reveal relevant effects of HL on health care utilization measured by registered data in Austria. [<b><i>HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice</i>. 2023;7(4):e197-e206.</b>].</p>","PeriodicalId":36651,"journal":{"name":"Health literacy research and practice","volume":"7 4","pages":"e197-e206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10629904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71486948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medication-Related Experience of Deaf American Sign Language Users.","authors":"Mariam Paracha, Ellen Wagner, Olivia Brumfield, Jonah Winninghoff, Jordan Wright, Jason Rotoli, Peter Hauser","doi":"10.3928/24748307-20231116-01","DOIUrl":"10.3928/24748307-20231116-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies showed that deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) individuals have low health literacy related to prescription labels. This study examined the DHH's experience with understanding prescription labels and how technology can impact that experience.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of this qualitative study was twofold: (1) gain a more enhanced understanding of DHH experiences in understanding prescription labels with a focus on language needs, expectations, and preferences, and (2) assess the potential role of technology in addressing the communication-related accessibility issues which emerge from the data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 25 Deaf American Sign Language users who picked up a prescription from a pharmacy within the past year were interviewed. A thematic analysis, which included a systematic coding process, was used to uncover themes about their experiences picking up and using prescription medications.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>Thematic analyses identified that medication-related experiences centered around themes: (1) medication information seeking; (2) comfort taking medication; (3) picking up medication; and (4) communication with the pharmacy team. A large contributor to the communication experience was the perception that the pharmacist was not being respectful. Regarding comfort taking medications, 12% of participants expressed a lack of understanding medications while taking medication. This led to participants largely using online resources when seeking medication information. This study also found that technology greatly aided the participants during this experience.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study recorded the experiences within the context of limited health literacy and aversive audism found that the DHH individual repeatedly encountered communication barriers, which may contribute to their poor medication literacy. Thus, future studies should explore how to leverage the potential benefits of technology to improve the pharmacy experience of the DHH, thereby improving medication literacy. [<b><i>HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice</i>. 2023;7(4):e215-e224.</b>].</p>","PeriodicalId":36651,"journal":{"name":"Health literacy research and practice","volume":"7 4","pages":"e215-e224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10703513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138810693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Broad Examination of Mental Health Literacy Among College Students in the United States.","authors":"Susan M Hannan, Tony T Wells","doi":"10.3928/24748307-20231023-01","DOIUrl":"10.3928/24748307-20231023-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High levels of mental health literacy (MHL) have been linked to the ability to correctly recognize certain problems as mental health issues, which then may lead to effective help-seeking behaviors. Most research on MHL has focused on a limited number of psychiatric diagnoses, using Australian samples.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate various components of MHL in a large sample of undergraduate students in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a vignette-based study with 843 undergraduate students. Six psychiatric diagnoses (and two \"non-disordered\" scenarios) were represented in distinct vignettes. Participants rated the severity of each vignette character's problem, the helpfulness of numerous treatment options, and the likelihood that different etiological factors contributed to the character's problem.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>Across all clinical vignettes, therapy/counseling was perceived to be the most helpful treatment. Participants rated \"personal weakness/lack of willpower\" as contributing the most to the alcohol use disorder (AUD) character's problems. Our hypothesis related to how perceptions of etiology may impact participants' perceptions of different types of treatment was partially supported for the depression character. When participants described the depression character as having a \"psychological/mental health problem,\" they were more likely to perceive therapy/counseling as being helpful compared to medication.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Participants recognized most of the psychiatric diagnoses as a mental health problem, acknowledged the seriousness of the presenting problems, and recommended effective help-seeking behavior. However, undergraduate U.S. students could benefit from increased MHL specifically related to AUD. [<b><i>HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice</i>. 2023;7(4):e207-e214.</b>].</p>","PeriodicalId":36651,"journal":{"name":"Health literacy research and practice","volume":"7 4","pages":"e207-e214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10629906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71486947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric Resident Communication of Hospital Discharge Instructions.","authors":"Alexander F Glick, Jonathan S Farkas, Jasmine Gadhavi, Alan L Mendelsohn, Nicole Schulick, H Shonna Yin","doi":"10.3928/24748307-20230918-01","DOIUrl":"10.3928/24748307-20230918-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Suboptimal provider-parent communication contributes to poor parent comprehension of pediatric discharge instructions, which can lead to adverse outcomes. Residency is a critical window to acquire and learn to utilize key communication skills, potentially supported by formal training programs or visual reminders. Few studies have examined resident counseling practices or predictors of counseling quality. Our objectives were to (1) examine pediatric resident counseling practices and (2) determine how formal training and presence of discharge templates with domain-specific prompts are associated with counseling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional survey of a convenience sample of residents in the American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Pediatric Trainees. Outcomes included resident self-report of frequency of (1) counseling in domains of care and (2) use of health literacy-informed counseling strategies (pictures, demonstration, Teach Back, Show Back) (6-point scales; frequent = <i>often/usually/always</i>). Predictor variables were (1) formal discharge-related training (e.g., lectures) and (2) hospital discharge instruction template with space for individual domains. Logistic regression analyses, utilizing generalized estimating equations when appropriate to account for multiple domains (adjusting for resident gender, postgraduate year), were performed.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>Few residents (<i>N</i> = 317) (13.9%) reported formal training. Over 25% of residents infrequently counsel on side effects, diagnosis, and restrictions. Resident reported use of communication strategies was infrequent: drawing pictures (24.1%), demonstration (15.8%), Teach Back (36.8%), Show Back (11.4%). Designated spaces in instruction templates for individual domains were associated with frequent domain-specific counseling (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.1 [95% confidence interval: 3.5-4.8]). Formal training was associated with frequent Teach Back (aOR 2.6 [1.4-5.1]) and Show Back (aOR 2.7 [1.2-6.2]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lack of formal training and designated space for domain-specific instructions are associated with suboptimal counseling at discharge by pediatric residents. Future research should focus on determining the best mechanisms for teaching trainees communication skills and optimizing written instruction templates to support verbal counseling. [<b><i>HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice</i>. 2023;7(4):e178-e186.</b>].</p>","PeriodicalId":36651,"journal":{"name":"Health literacy research and practice","volume":"7 4","pages":"e178-e186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10561625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41183810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Refined Teach-back Observation Tool: Validity Evidence in a Pediatric Setting.","authors":"Mary Ann Abrams, Kristin Garton Crichton, Edward J Oberle, Stacy Flowers, Timothy N Crawford, Michael F Perry, John D Mahan, Suzanne Reed","doi":"10.3928/24748307-20230919-01","DOIUrl":"10.3928/24748307-20230919-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Teach Back (TB) is recommended to assess and ensure patient understanding, thereby promoting safety, quality, and equity. There are many TB trainings, typically lacking assessment tools with validity evidence. We used a pediatric resident competency-based communication curriculum to develop initial validity evidence and refinement recommendations for a Teach-back Observation Tool (T-BOT).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to develop initial validity evidence for a refined T-BOT and provide guidance for further enhancements to improve essential TB skills training among pediatric residents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After an interactive health literacy (HL) training, residents participated in recorded standardized patient (SP) encounters. Raters developed T-BOT scoring criteria, then scored a gold standard TB video and resident SP encounters. For agreement, Fleiss' Kappa was computed for >2 raters, and Cohen's Kappa for two raters. Percent agreement and intraclass correlation (ICC) were calculated. Statistics were calculated for gold standard (GS) and TB items overall for all six raters, and for five faculty raters. Agreement was based on Kappa: no agreement (≤0), none to slight (0.01-0.20), fair (0.21-0.40), moderate (0.41-0.60), substantial (0.61-0.80), almost perfect (0.81-1.00).</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>For six raters, Kappa for the GS was 0.554 (moderate agreement) with 71.4% agreement; I<i>CC</i> = .597; for SP encounters, it was 0.637 (substantial) with 65.4% agreement; I<i>CC</i> = .647. Individual item agreement for SP encounters average was 0.605 (moderate), ranging from 0.142 (slight) to 1 (perfect). For five faculty raters, Kappa for the GS was 0.779 (substantial) with 85.7% agreement; I<i>CC</i> = .824; for resident SP encounters, it was 0.751 (substantial), with 76.9% agreement; I<i>CC</i> = .759. Individual item agreement on SP encounters average was 0.718 (substantial), ranging from 0.156 (slight) to 1 (perfect).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We provide initial validity evidence for a modified T-BOT and recommendations for improvement. With further refinements to increase validity evidence, accompanied by shared understanding of TB and rating criteria, the T-BOT may be useful in strengthening approaches to teaching and improving essential TB skills among health care team members, thereby increasing organizational HL and improving outcomes. [<b><i>HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice</i>. 2023;7(4):e187-e196.</b>].</p>","PeriodicalId":36651,"journal":{"name":"Health literacy research and practice","volume":"7 4","pages":"e187-e196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/41/8c/hlrp1023abramsor-prt.PMC10561624.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41183795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring Health Literacy Among French Pupils With the Health Literacy Survey Child Questionnaire-15 (HLS-Child-Q15).","authors":"Marine Cécile Genton,&nbsp;Boris Chapoton,&nbsp;Sali Mohammed Dauda,&nbsp;Mathieu Oriol,&nbsp;Véronique Regnier Denois,&nbsp;Franck Chauvin","doi":"10.3928/24748307-20230717-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/24748307-20230717-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Health literacy is a critical health determinant. To implement initiatives aiming at improving health literacy among children, adapted measurement tools are needed.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to translate, adapt, and test the Health Literacy Survey Child Questionnaire-15 (HLS-Child-Q15) to assess health literacy among French-speaking 8- to 11-year-old pupils.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The HLS-Child-Q15 was translated and adapted to the French context to become the HLS-Child-Q15-FR. A cross-sectional survey was carried out using a written, self-reported questionnaire to assess the psychometric properties of the HLS-Child-Q15-FR.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>Translation and adaptation of the HLS-Child-Q15 German-French translated versions were cross-referenced. Back-translation led to minor refinements. Qualitative pre-test among children led to simplifications in wording and structure. Validation of the HLS-Child-Q15-FR. Four trained interviewers collected data among 3,107 pupils in 74 elementary schools of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. HLS-Child-Q15-FR showed good reliability (alpha = 0.83). Exploratory factor analysis showed a two-factor model related to health care and primary prevention. Construct validity analyses suggested removing 3 items. External validity analyses indicated a significant and moderate relationship with perceived self-efficacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study aimed to address the issue of measuring health literacy among French-speaking 8- to 11-year-old pupils. The HLS-Child-Q15-FR showed a high internal consistency. Statistics suggested a two-dimensional thematic scale. These findings should be further investigated. [<b><i>HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice</i>. 2023;7(3):e144-e153.</b>].</p>","PeriodicalId":36651,"journal":{"name":"Health literacy research and practice","volume":"7 3","pages":"e144-e153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/39/8d/hlrp0823gentonor-prt.PMC10406579.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10012392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Simulation Program for Interprofessional Health Literacy Training.","authors":"Melanie Stone,&nbsp;Oralia Bazaldua,&nbsp;Bridgett Piernik-Yoder,&nbsp;Rebekah Sculley,&nbsp;Kristy Kosub","doi":"10.3928/24748307-20230713-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/24748307-20230713-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective communication with patients and between members of the health care team are important strategies to enhance health care outcomes. Despite the prevalence of low health literacy and associated risks in the population, health professionals are often not trained adequately in health literacy communication practices. The purpose of this pilot program is to determine if offering learners an opportunity to practice health literacy communication techniques in a simulated patient care team can increase skills, attitudes, and confidence in this important area of patient care. We implemented a novel, team-based interprofessional Objective Structured Clinical Examination (iOSCE) focused on health literacy. Evaluation took place on three levels: student self-assessment of health literacy communication skills and beliefs about interprofessional teamwork, standardized patient assessment of skills during the clinical encounter, and observer assessment of interprofessional teamwork. Statistically significant gains were seen in students' health literacy communication confidence, as well as beliefs, attitudes and understanding of interprofessional teamwork. The aim of this article is to describe our pilot health literacy iOSCE findings. This pilot shows that an OSCE is an effective assessment tool for a mix of health professional learners at different levels to demonstrate health literacy practices in an interprofessional teamwork environment. [<b><i>HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice</i>. 2023;7(3):e139-e143.</b>].</p>","PeriodicalId":36651,"journal":{"name":"Health literacy research and practice","volume":"7 3","pages":"e139-e143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c9/8f/hlrp0823stonebr-prt.PMC10406578.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10014523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reimagining Family Engagement in Online Literacy Clinics During the Pandemic","authors":"R. Rogers, Cheryl L. Dozier, Theresa Deeney, Martille Elias, Shelly Huggins, Liliane Jorge, S. Msengi, A. Ferris, Agnes Chileshe Chibamba","doi":"10.1177/23813377231183736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23813377231183736","url":null,"abstract":"During the dual pandemics of COVID-19 and continuing racial injustices, many literacy clinics pivoted to online instruction. Educators were now in students’ homes for virtual literacy lessons. To understand how literacy clinics responded, teacher educators analyzed a national survey of clinic directors’ perspectives. Analysis regarding family communication and participation led to six categories: parent involvement, communication, family presence, learning with families v. teaching families, diminished/enhanced experiences, and access/digital divide. Contrasting examples from these categories were chosen to create a research-based verbatim audio play. Teacher educators then used fieldnotes, artifacts, and transcripts from their clinical experiences to create vignettes of clinic instruction, which they then put into dialogue with survey findings to reconceptualize, animate, and (re)present these as navigating digital divides/access, challenging school-centric definitions of family literacy, and building community with families in online settings. Findings from this study highlight that as the technological landscape of literacy clinics changes, so must our understanding of engaging with families’ literacy practices.","PeriodicalId":36651,"journal":{"name":"Health literacy research and practice","volume":"218 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73731658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Literacy Training Critical for Medical Residency Transformation in the United Arab Emirates.","authors":"Satish Chandrasekhar Nair","doi":"10.3928/24748307-20230824-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/24748307-20230824-01","url":null,"abstract":"Health Literacy Training Critical for Medical Residency Transformation in the United Arab Emirates To the Editor: The recent publication of the article, “Improving Health Equity Through Health Literacy Education,” (Nepps et al., 2023) advances the health literacy mission in a bold and balanced manner. Inadequate health literacy is known to be a stronger predictor of poor health outcomes than all other sociodemographic variables, including ethnicity (Levic et al., 2023). Given the lack of an exact estimation of population health literacy levels in various countries, the global health care work force is oblivious to the perils of poor health literacy (Zimmerman & Woolf, 2014). Health care providers lack adequate knowledge and skills to work effectively with patients who possess limited health literacy, especially in countries with multiethnic, multicultural populations (Nair, Sreedharan, et al., 2023). Among the Gulf cooperation council countries, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates have reported adequate health literacy rates for patients ranging from 24% to 44% (Nair, Al Saraj, et al., 2023). Recently, two studies assessing health literacy have reported adequate health literacy among 14.3% of patients with cardiovascular diseases, and 11% among patients with type 2 diabetes in the United Arab Emirates (Nair, Al Saraj, et al., 2023; Nair, Sreedharan, et al., 2023). These studies also noted alarmingly low patient health literacy levels in older adult patients. It is noteworthy that less than 10% of the total population in the United Arab Emirates are citizens; most residents are immigrants from various parts of the world, many are unskilled workers from southeast Asia. Incidentally, there are no published reports of health literacy training for medical resident trainees in the United Arab Emirates. Health system reforms are essential, given the high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, and their association with low health literacy levels in the United Arab Emirates. Transformation of medical residency programs to routinely integrate health literacy best practices in all patient encounters, as well as restructuring of medical education to focus on disease prevention and biopsychosocial models of care, whether in the United Arab Emirates or elsewhere, are essential reforms required for sustainable health equity.","PeriodicalId":36651,"journal":{"name":"Health literacy research and practice","volume":"7 3","pages":"e176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/99/3d/hlrp0923letter-prt.PMC10495119.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10358300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}