Journal of Numerical Cognition最新文献_第2页

Below zero? Universal distance effect and situated space and size associations in negative numbers 低于零度？普遍距离效应与负数中的位置空间和大小关联

Journal of Numerical Cognition Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.5964/jnc.6763

M. A. Jeglinski-Mende, M. Fischer, A. Miklashevsky

{"title":"Below zero? Universal distance effect and situated space and size associations in negative numbers","authors":"M. A. Jeglinski-Mende, M. Fischer, A. Miklashevsky","doi":"10.5964/jnc.6763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/jnc.6763","url":null,"abstract":"While some researchers place negative numbers on a so-called extended mental number line to the left of positive numbers, others claim that negative numbers do not have mental representations but are processed through positive numbers combined with transformation rules. We measured spatial associations of negative numbers with a modified implicit association task that avoids spatial confounds present in most previous studies. In two lab-based magnitude classification experiments (each including 24 participants) and two online replications (with 74 and 77 participants, respectively), positive and negative numbers were combined with two spatial contexts: either directional symbols (left- or right-pointing arrows) or rectangles of varying sizes. In all experiments, we found a robust distance effect for negative numbers. However, there were no consistent associations of negative numbers with directional or size contexts. In the context of directional symbols, holistic processing was prevalent only in the small negative number range (-9, -8, -7, -6) when ensured by the stimulus set, supporting an extended mental number line. In the context of rectangles, however, large negative numbers from -4 to -1 were perceived as small, thus supporting rule-based processing. For negative number processing in the context of size, we further suggest the Semantic-Perceptual Size Congruity Cuing model (SPeSiCC model). We show that associations of size with negative numbers underly more complex processing mechanisms than mere recruitment of a transformation rule. In general, we conclude that associations of negative numbers with space and size are situated in the context, as they depend on the presented number range and differ for spatial direction and size.","PeriodicalId":36632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Numerical Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49309411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The real preschoolers of Orange County: Early number learning in a diverse group of children 真正的橙县学龄前儿童:在不同的儿童群体中进行早期数字学习

Journal of Numerical Cognition Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.5964/jnc.6577

Barbara W. Sarnecka, James Negen, Nicole R. Scalise, Meghan C. Goldman, Jeffrey N. Rouder

{"title":"The real preschoolers of Orange County: Early number learning in a diverse group of children","authors":"Barbara W. Sarnecka, James Negen, Nicole R. Scalise, Meghan C. Goldman, Jeffrey N. Rouder","doi":"10.5964/jnc.6577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/jnc.6577","url":null,"abstract":"<p xmlns=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1\">The authors assessed a battery of number skills in a sample of over 500 preschoolers, including both monolingual and bilingual/multilingual learners from households at a range of socio-economic levels. Receptive vocabulary was measured in English for all children, and also in Spanish for those who spoke it. The first goal of the study was to describe entailment relations among numeracy skills by analyzing patterns of co-occurrence. Findings indicated that transitive and intransitive counting skills are jointly present when children show understanding of cardinality and that cardinality and knowledge of written number symbols are jointly present when children successfully use number lines. The study’s second goal was to describe relations between symbolic numeracy and language context (i.e., monolingual vs. bilingual contexts), separating these from well-documented socio-economic influences such as household income and parental education: Language context had only a modest effect on numeracy, with no differences detectable on most tasks. However, a difference did appear on the scaffolded number-line task, where bilingual learners performed slightly better than monolinguals. The third goal of the study was to find out whether symbolic number knowledge for one subset of children (Spanish/English bilingual learners from low-income households) differed when tested in their home language (Spanish) vs. their language of preschool instruction (English): Findings indicated that children performed as well or better in English than in Spanish for all measures, even when their receptive vocabulary scores in Spanish were higher than in English.","PeriodicalId":36632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Numerical Cognition","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135731452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The relation between math anxiety and play behaviors in 4- to 6-year-old children 4 ~ 6岁儿童数学焦虑与游戏行为的关系

Journal of Numerical Cognition Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.5964/jnc.9721

M. Depascale, L. Butler, Geetha B. Ramani

{"title":"The relation between math anxiety and play behaviors in 4- to 6-year-old children","authors":"M. Depascale, L. Butler, Geetha B. Ramani","doi":"10.5964/jnc.9721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/jnc.9721","url":null,"abstract":"From a young age, children’s math achievement is influenced by individual factors, such as math anxiety. While math anxiety has been linked to math avoidance, few studies have explored this link in young children, particularly in the context of play. Because play-based instruction is commonly used for math in early childhood classrooms, understanding the impact of math anxiety on children’s engagement in math-related play may have important implications for children’s early math learning. The current study examined the role of children’s math anxiety in their persistence and exploration during a math toy play task. We observed wide variability in children’s play behaviors, finding that children’s actions during play did not relate to their math anxiety, but their talk related to math while playing with the toy did. There are also age and gender differences in math anxiety, school experience, and reasoning about the toy play task. These results suggest that math anxiety may influence certain aspects of children’s engagement in math-related play, and that more research is needed to consider links between math anxiety and math avoidance in young children.","PeriodicalId":36632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Numerical Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43492519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Spatial biases in approximate arithmetic are subject to sequential dependency effects and dissociate from attentional biases 近似算术中的空间偏差会受到顺序依赖效应的影响，并与注意力偏差无关

Journal of Numerical Cognition Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.5964/jnc.8373

M. Glaser, A. Knops

{"title":"Spatial biases in approximate arithmetic are subject to sequential dependency effects and dissociate from attentional biases","authors":"M. Glaser, A. Knops","doi":"10.5964/jnc.8373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/jnc.8373","url":null,"abstract":"The notion that mental arithmetic is associated with shifts of spatial attention along a spatially organised mental number representation has received empirical support from three lines of research. First, participants tend to overestimate results of addition and underestimate those of subtraction problems in both exact and approximate formats. This has been termed the operational momentum (OM) effect. Second, participants are faster in detecting right-sided targets presented in the course of addition problems and left-sided targets in subtraction problems (attentional bias). Third, participants are biased toward choosing right-sided response alternatives to indicate the results of addition problems and left-sided response alternatives for subtraction problems (Spatial Association Of Responses [SOAR] effect). These effects potentially have their origin in operation-specific shifts of attention along a spatially organised mental number representation: rightward for addition and leftward for subtraction. Using a lateralised target detection task during the calculation phase of non-symbolic additions and subtractions, the current study measured the attentional focus, the OM and SOAR effects. In two experiments, we replicated the OM and SOAR effects but did not observe operation-specific biases in the lateralised target-detection task. We describe two new characteristics of the OM effect: First, a time-resolved, block-wise analysis of both experiments revealed sequential dependency effects in that the OM effect builds up over the course of the experiment, driven by the increasing underestimation of subtraction over time. Second, the OM effect was enhanced after arithmetic operation repetition compared to trials where arithmetic operation switched from one trial to the next. These results call into question the operation-specific attentional biases as the sole generator of the observed effects and point to the involvement of additional, potentially decisional processes that operate across trials.","PeriodicalId":36632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Numerical Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44831822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of basic number processing in high mathematics achievement in primary school 基础数字处理在小学高数学成绩中的作用

Journal of Numerical Cognition Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.5964/jnc.9935

Merel Bakker, Elise Pelgrims, Joke Torbeyns, L. Verschaffel, B. De Smedt

引用次数: 0

Are approximate number system representations numerical? 近似数制表示法是数值的吗？

Journal of Numerical Cognition Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.5964/jnc.8553

J. Pickering, J. Adelman, M. Inglis

{"title":"Are approximate number system representations numerical?","authors":"J. Pickering, J. Adelman, M. Inglis","doi":"10.5964/jnc.8553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/jnc.8553","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research suggests that the Approximate Number System (ANS) allows people to approximate the cardinality of a set. This ability to discern numerical quantities may explain how meaning becomes associated with number symbols. However, recently it has been argued that ANS representations are not directly numerical, but rather are formed by amalgamating perceptual features confounded with the set’s cardinality. In this paper, we approach the question of whether ANS representations are numerical by studying the properties they have, rather than how they are formed. Across two pre-registered within-subjects studies, we measured 189 participants’ ability to multiply the numbers between 2 and 8. Participants completed symbolic and nonsymbolic versions of the task. Results showed that participants succeeded at above-chance levels when multiplying nonsymbolic representations within the subitizing range (2-4) but were at chance levels when multiplying numbers within the ANS range (5-8). We conclude that, unlike Object Tracking System (OTS) representations, two ANS representations cannot be multiplied together. We suggest that investigating which numerical properties ANS representations possess may advance the debate over whether the ANS is a genuinely numerical system.","PeriodicalId":36632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Numerical Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48890894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The development and assessment of early cardinal-number concepts 早期基数概念的发展和评价

Journal of Numerical Cognition Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.5964/jnc.10035

A. Baroody, Kelly S. Mix, Gamze Kartal, M. Lai

{"title":"The development and assessment of early cardinal-number concepts","authors":"A. Baroody, Kelly S. Mix, Gamze Kartal, M. Lai","doi":"10.5964/jnc.10035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/jnc.10035","url":null,"abstract":"Number-recognition tasks, such as the how-many task, involve set-to-word mapping, and number-creation tasks, such as the give-n task, entail word-to-set mapping. The present study involved comparing sixty 3-year-olds’ performance on the two tasks with collections of one to three items over three time points about 3 weeks apart. Inconsistent with the sparse evidence indicating equivalent task performance, an omnibus test indicated that success differed significantly by task (and set size but not by time). A follow-up analysis indicated that the hypothesis that success emerges first on the how-many task was, in general, significantly superior to the hypothesis of simultaneous development. It further indicated the how-many-first hypothesis was superior to a give-n-first hypothesis for sets of three. A theoretical implication is that set-to-word mapping appears to develop before word-to-set mapping, especially in the case of three. A methodological implication is that the give-n task may underestimate a key aspect of children’s cardinal understanding of small numbers. Another is that the traditional give-n task, which requires checking an initial response by one-to-one counting, confounds pre-counting and counting competencies.","PeriodicalId":36632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Numerical Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46336303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

EEG decoding of finger numeral configurations with machine learning 脑电图解码手指数字配置与机器学习

Journal of Numerical Cognition Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.5964/jnc.10441

Roya Salehzadeh, B. Rivera, K. Man, N. Jalili, Firat Soylu

{"title":"EEG decoding of finger numeral configurations with machine learning","authors":"Roya Salehzadeh, B. Rivera, K. Man, N. Jalili, Firat Soylu","doi":"10.5964/jnc.10441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/jnc.10441","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we used multivariate decoding methods to study processing differences between canonical (montring and count) and noncanonical finger numeral configurations (FNCs). While previous research investigated these processing differences using behavioral and event-related potentials (ERP) methods, conventional univariate ERP analyses focus on specific time intervals and electrode sites and fail to capture broader scalp distribution and EEG frequency patterns. To address this issue a supervised learning classifier—support vector machines (SVM)—was used to decode ERP scalp distributions and alpha-band power for montring, counting, and noncanonical FNCs (for integers 1 to 4). The SVM was used to test whether the numerical information presented in FNCs can be decoded from the EEG data. Differences in the magnitude and timing of accuracy rates were used to compare the three types of FNCs. Overall, the algorithm was able to predict numerical information presented in FNCs beyond the random chance level accuracy, with higher rates for ERP scalp distributions than alpha-power. Montring had lower peak accuracy compared to counting and noncanonical configurations, likely due to automaticity in processing montring configurations leading to less distinct scalp distributions for the four numerical magnitudes (1 to 4). Paralleling the response time data, the peak decoding accuracy time for montring was earlier for montring (472 ms), compared to counting (577 ms) and noncanonical FNCs (604 ms). The results provide support for montring configurations being processed automatically, somewhat similar to number symbols, and provide additional insights for processing differences across different forms of FNCs. This study also highlights the strengths of decoding methods in EEG/ERP research on numerical cognition.","PeriodicalId":36632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Numerical Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48079207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Consumers with math anxiety, a financially vulnerable group? Unpacking the negative relation between math anxiety and performance on a price comparison task 有数学焦虑症的消费者是经济上的弱势群体?揭示数学焦虑与价格比较任务表现之间的负相关关系

Journal of Numerical Cognition Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.5964/jnc.10001

A. Storozuk, Fraulein Retanal, Erin A. Maloney

引用次数: 1

The real preschoolers of Orange County: Early number learning in a diverse group of children 奥兰治县真正的学龄前儿童：不同儿童群体的早期数字学习

Journal of Numerical Cognition Pub Date : 2021-04-27 DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/atzys

B. Sarnecka, James Negen, Nicole R. Scalise, Meghan C. Goldman, Jeffrey N. Rouder

{"title":"The real preschoolers of Orange County: Early number learning in a diverse group of children","authors":"B. Sarnecka, James Negen, Nicole R. Scalise, Meghan C. Goldman, Jeffrey N. Rouder","doi":"10.31219/osf.io/atzys","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/atzys","url":null,"abstract":"The authors assessed a battery of number skills in a sample of over 500 preschoolers, including bothmonolingual and bilingual/multilingual learners from households at a range of socio-economic levels.Receptive vocabulary was measured in English for all children, and also in Spanish for those who spoke it.The first goal of the study was to describe entailment relations among numeracy skills: Findings indicatedthat transitive and intransitive counting were jointly required for understanding cardinality; that cardinalityand knowledge of written number symbols were both required for using number lines. The study’s secondgoal was to describe relations between symbolic numeracy and language context (i.e., monolingual vs.bilingual contexts), separating these from well-documented socio-economic influences such as householdincome and parental education: Language context had only a modest effect on numeracy, with nodifferences detectable on most tasks. However, a difference did appear on the scaffolded number-line task,where bilingual learners performed slightly better than monolinguals. The third goal of the study was to findout whether symbolic number knowledge for one subset of children (Spanish/English bilingual learnersfrom low-income households) differed when tested in their home language (Spanish) vs. their language ofpreschool instruction (English): Findings indicated that children performed as well or better in English thanin Spanish for all measures, even when their receptive vocabulary scores in Spanish were higher than inEnglish.","PeriodicalId":36632,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Numerical Cognition","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49158716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0