{"title":"Continuous-time analog defuzzifier for product-sum based implementations","authors":"I. Rojas, F. Pelayo, M. Anguita, A. Prieto","doi":"10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593727","url":null,"abstract":"An analog defuzzifier using arithmetic product and sum is proposed. Instead of the separate computation required in MIN/MAX based implementations, conclusion and defuzzification can be simultaneously realized by a simple aggregation of analog multipliers in which the relative positions of the output membership functions can also be continuously varied, thus allowing its use in adaptive fuzzy and neuro-fuzzy controllers. Electrical simulation results of a CMOS version of the defuzzifier are provided to illustrate how the centre-of-area is efficiently approximated with the proposed implementation.","PeriodicalId":366125,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Microelectronics for Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124924988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"VLSI design of radial functions hardware generator for neural computations","authors":"P. Maffezzoni, P. Gubian","doi":"10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593717","url":null,"abstract":"Multidimensional radial functions (RFs) are widely used in several neural network schemes and may have interesting applications also in fuzzy logic based systems. Unfortunately their classical look-up table hardware implementation needs an external board that does not allow high speed real world applications. In this paper we introduce a new approach in which approximate RFs are completely generated in a very efficient way by fixed-point digital operators. The VLSI design of our general purpose RF hardware generator is discussed in detail, showing that it can be integrated in a wider neural system with little effort. Many RF generators (up to 100) can be integrated on a single chip giving rise to a computational system which is two orders of magnitude faster than classical look-up table implementations. The RF generator architecture has been used to implement the forward step of a radial basis function neural network in a single chip for a real world sensor application. The VLSI design of a network with 30 neurons and a cycle time of a few microseconds is investigated.","PeriodicalId":366125,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Microelectronics for Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116223985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Measurement results of the DTCNN-universal chip","authors":"H. Harrer, J. Nossek, T. Roska, L. Chua","doi":"10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593211","url":null,"abstract":"The paper gives the measurement results of the analog current-mode implementation of discrete-time cellular-neural networks, which has been described by Harrer et al. (1994). A chip for an analog programmable network was fabricated with the ORBIT 2.0 /spl mu/m process containing 12 by 12 regular cells and 52 border cells. The effective chip area amounts to 0.38 cm/sup 2/ with a power consumption of 0.8 W. The measurements include the statistical distribution of the 2880 cascoded current mirrors and the dynamic processing of the connected component detector, the shadow detector, the increasing and decreasing of objects with a clock frequency of 1 MHz.","PeriodicalId":366125,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Microelectronics for Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129851293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Cardarilli, C. D'Alessandro, P. Marinucci, F. Bordoni
{"title":"VLSI implementation of a modular and programmable neural architecture","authors":"G. Cardarilli, C. D'Alessandro, P. Marinucci, F. Bordoni","doi":"10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593713","url":null,"abstract":"A mixed-signal VLSI chip architecture for multi-layer feedforward neural network implementation with digitally programmable synapses is presented. The chip realizes a fully connected single-layer network, configurable as a 48 input/48 output neurons with 2304 5-bit synapses or as a 24 input/24 output neurons with 1152 9-bit synapses. This single layer network can be reconfigured as a multi-layer network. Another important chip feature is the possibility of connecting the chips in order to obtain a more complex multi-layer neural network. The core of the authors' architecture is a very efficient circuit block, \"distributed sigmoid-synapse\", that they used to implement each of the 2304 5-bit synapses included in the programmable neural network. A prototyping chip, including all the basic block of neural architecture, is now processed by ES2 with 1.0 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. Finally, the authors report the architecture of a possible system for the evaluation of the VLSI chip performances. Parameter mismatches present in the chip were considered to be not critical because it is possible to account them during the training of the neural network by using a special chip-in-the-loop training algorithm. The authors planned to use this chip in pattern recognition and image processing applications.","PeriodicalId":366125,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Microelectronics for Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129201579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TOTEM: a digital processor for neural networks and Reactive Tabu Search","authors":"R. Battiti, P. Lee, A. Sartori, G. Tecchiolli","doi":"10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593147","url":null,"abstract":"The Reactive Tabu Search (RTS) algorithm permits the training of neural networks with low number of bits per weight, low computational accuracy, no local minima \"trapping\", and limited sensitivity to the initial conditions. Two architectures for the implementation of multilayer perceptrons based directly on the properties of RTS are presented. They are characterized by high-speed integer computation, tunable precision, I/O balanced design, internal storage of the weights and compact processing units. TOTEM, a silicon implementation which uses only 8 bits per weight and 16 bits per input, is then presented. A triggering problem in high energy physics is used as a test-bed for the algorithm and the processor. The expected performance is briefly compared with those of two alternative processors.","PeriodicalId":366125,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Microelectronics for Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems","volume":"370 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125696631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analog VLSI cellular fuzzy automata networks for relaxation labeling","authors":"G. Privat, K. Goser","doi":"10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593252","url":null,"abstract":"Expressing with fuzzy logic the local transition functions of a cellular automata network combines the flexibility of numeric processing with the explicitness and transparency of logic rules, within the framework of an emergent-cooperative computational model. Implementing fuzzy processing elements as the nodes of such nets places heavy emphasis on fine granularity, and is feasible only in analog if it is aimed to achieve the degree of parallelism matched to potential applications in image processing. Fuzzy relaxation labelling is presented as a feasibility example for such a streamlined hardware implementation. This computational model is potentially applicable in a wide range of applications, drawing maximal benefit from advanced VLSI technologies.","PeriodicalId":366125,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Microelectronics for Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121771212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Systolic modular VLSI architecture for multi-model neural network implementation","authors":"J. Moreno, J. Madrenas, J. Cabestany","doi":"10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593229","url":null,"abstract":"Reviews the basic principles to be considered when mixed analog/digital alternatives for implementing neural models are considered. Starting from a generic systolic architecture, the authors adapt its internal structure in order to permit the modular implementation of a wide range of artificial neural network models. After analyzing the basic computational resources required by the considered neural models, some basic building blocks have been identified and implemented. The authors results show that the proposed approach is suitable for building high throughput physical realizations capable to adapt their resources so as to emulate a wide variety of neural network models.","PeriodicalId":366125,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Microelectronics for Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131142472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A digital implementation of self-organizing maps","authors":"B. Pino, F. Pelayo, A. Prieto","doi":"10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593718","url":null,"abstract":"A digital implementation of self-organizing maps is presented. The chip designed includes 32 neurons with 1024 16-bit weights and 8-bit inputs. Each neutron performs bit-serial processing to minimize the occupied silicon area. Several chips can be interconnected to expand the number of neurons in the network. The number of inputs per neuron depends on the internal weight memory size. The dimensionality of the network the neighbourhood topology and the rate at which the neighbouring cells learn, are programmable. The design was realised using the cells of the ES2 ecpd10 Library and simulated with Verilog. The estimated operation speed is 0.7 MCUPS/mm/sup 2/ during the learning phase, and 1.95 MCPS/mm/sup 2/ during the recall phase.","PeriodicalId":366125,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Microelectronics for Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems","volume":"172 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115879485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Itoh, M. Watanabe, S. Mukai, T. Yamada, S. Uekusa
{"title":"Optoelectronic analog antecedent and consequent fuzzy inference units using LED arrays and position sensing devices","authors":"H. Itoh, M. Watanabe, S. Mukai, T. Yamada, S. Uekusa","doi":"10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593729","url":null,"abstract":"A novel implementation of analog fuzzy inference architecture with optoelectronic antecedent and consequent operation units is realized. The inference process uses Gaussian-like membership functions and a product-sum gravity method. Antecedent membership functions and the grade evaluations are realized by combining LED arrays for sequential light emission and position-sensing devices for center-of-gravity detection. Consequent and defuzzification operations are utilized by an LED array and a position-sensing device. High-speed fuzzy inference of more than several tens of MFLIPS is possible using those units. Usefulness of the system is demonstrated by a realtime standing control of an inverted pendulum.","PeriodicalId":366125,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Microelectronics for Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121946654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Massively parallel VLSI-implementation of a dedicated neural network for anomaly detection in automated visual quality control","authors":"A. Konig, P. Windirsch, M. Glesner","doi":"10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMNN.1994.593731","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we will present the VLSI-implementation of a dedicated neural network architecture which we have developed in prior work for anomaly detection in automated visual industrial quality control. The network, denoted as NOVAS performs a filtering of inspection images and highlights defects or anomalies in an isomorphic image representation, allowing the detection and localisation of faults on objects. Training of NOVAS is achieved by simply presenting a set of tolerable objects to the network in a single sweep. NOVAS works with single and with multichannel image representations. The processing principle of NOVAS is closely related to nearest neighbor and hypersphere classifier approaches. We have designed an ASIC for the efficient implementation of the nearest neighbor search. Based on that ASIC we will present an architecture of a modular massively parallel computer suited to meet the real-time constraints of manufacturing processes. Further we will report on the status of a prototype system which is close to completion.","PeriodicalId":366125,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Microelectronics for Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125390869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}