{"title":"The United States' Experience with the Incident Command System: What We Think We Know and What We Need to Know More About","authors":"Jessica Jensen, William Lee Waugh","doi":"10.1111/1468-5973.12034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12034","url":null,"abstract":"In the wake of the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks in the United States, organizations involved in emergency management at the local, state and federal level were mandated to utilize the Incident Command System (ICS) to structure on‐scene response efforts. The system is currently relied upon as an organizing mechanism for response in the United States, and its widespread use outside of the United States is being advocated. Yet, there is little evidence that the system is consistently used as designed or a salve to common response problems. This paper reviews the evolution of ICS in practice and the available research on its use and effectiveness. The review makes clear that more research on the system is urgently needed.","PeriodicalId":365763,"journal":{"name":"ORG: Emerging Research Methodologies in Organizational Behavior (Topic)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127522583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Aetiology of Business Crisis: A Simple Paradigm for a Complex Casuisitic","authors":"F. Tosi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2180000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2180000","url":null,"abstract":"Conclusion: The study and consequently the understanding of business crises requires the aetiology of the situation. To find the causes which have led to insolvency. This is an arduous job because the decisions that are responsible for this often do not appear. The derivations must be understood. That is, the way in which those decisions which brought about the insolvency have been disguised with rationality and logic when frequently they were non-logical (which does not mean illogical, but that they were logical but not with respect to the formal objective but rather to a private objective being personal and pertaining to the decision makers themselves). Only in this way is it possible to perform an adequate analysis of the crisis and be able to evaluate the possible ways out of the crisis even if before causing damage and greater frustrations a prudent liquidation is indicated - which might then allow for the eventual reuse of productive structures. In some cases the analysis of the causes (from the derivations if there were any or from the unavoidable insolvency, remaining rational, which is the other option) can recommend solutions that people will consider better than the frustrating and illogical fantasies typical in moments of insolvency.This is why aetiology is the essential task in this paradigm, even if it appears to be a paradox. Each case of crisis requires the causes to be known. In a previous work, cited earlier, we showed that in the court files in cases of insolvency the “reasons for the crisis” are generally grouped as financial. However, this is a “legal reality,” more than anything else it is an autopsy. It is about evaluating if the company can come out of the crisis, This is why the causes are studied. It is tiresome and complex, but necessary.The paradigm of business crises is a part of a paradigm of management. It begins with the analysis of the causes of crisis. The preparation of the plan of salvation then follows, and from here it returns to classical management theory with the end of the crisis and the beginning of the new cycle.","PeriodicalId":365763,"journal":{"name":"ORG: Emerging Research Methodologies in Organizational Behavior (Topic)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128037574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Power Transformations in Correspondence Analysis","authors":"M. Greenacre","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1012787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1012787","url":null,"abstract":"Power transformations of positive data tables, prior to applying the correspondence analysis algorithm, are shown to open up a family of methods with direct connections to the analysis of log-ratios. Two variations of this idea are illustrated. The first approach is simply to power transform the original data and perform a correspondence analysis - this method is shown to converge to unweighted log-ratio analysis as the power parameter tends to zero. The second approach is to apply the power transformation to the contingency ratios, that is, the values in the table relative to expected values based on the marginals - this method converges to weighted log-ratio analysis, or the spectral map. Two applications are described: first, a matrix of population genetic data which is inherently two-dimensional, and second, a larger cross-tabulation with higher dimensionality, from a linguistic analysis of several books.","PeriodicalId":365763,"journal":{"name":"ORG: Emerging Research Methodologies in Organizational Behavior (Topic)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122348877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}