Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique最新文献

{"title":"Importance of male partner's involvement in prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta analysis until June 2021.","authors":"Shimeles Biru Zewude,&nbsp;Asrat Hailu Dagne,&nbsp;Tewodros Magegnet Ajebe","doi":"10.1186/s13690-022-00971-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-022-00971-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To promote the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV/AIDS male partners play a significant role, especially in developing country were men's are a decision maker in domestic activity. When men are involved in PMTCT it would boost the service utilization and uptake of ART drugs. Thus this systematic review and Meta analysis aims to assess importance of male partner involvement in prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Studies were accessed through an electronic web-based search mechanism from PubMed, Advanced Google Scholar, WHO databases and journals (African Health Monitor, Pan African Journal of Public Health), using independent and combinations of key terms together with a reference list of included studies. Two reviewers independently screened and assessed the quality of studies based on pre-specified criteria. When a disagreement between the two reviewers happened; the third reviewer was invited and resolve it based on the stated objectives and inclusion criteria. Measures of effects were pooled and random effect meta analysis was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of male involvement in PMTCT was 31.8% (95% CI; 22.3-41.3 I² = 98.4%, p = 0.00). being urban residence(AOR = 2.43 95%CI;1.42-4.18), partner knowledge (AOR = 2.84 95%CI;1.90-4.22), knowledge on Antenatal care(AOR = 3.5 95%CI;1.80-6.76), partners who had no negative perception towards for PMTCT (AOR = 3.21 95%CI;2.18-4.72), government employee(AOR = 2.57 95%CI;1.76-3.75), partners informed of need to go for PMTCT(AOR = 3.83 95%CI;1.88-7.79), health institution related barriers(AOR = 2.6 95%CI;1.882-3.622), primary (AOR = 2.21 95%CI;1.29-3.80), and secondary education(AOR = 2.67 95%CI;1.69-4.19) were significant factors related with male partner involvement in prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV/AIDS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proportion of male involvement in the Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Ethiopia was low. Interventions aimed at improving male participation in the Prevention of mother-to-child transmission should consider the factors related to it. Healthcare services may need to be inclusive and could help men active engagement in PMTCT programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":365748,"journal":{"name":"Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique","volume":" ","pages":"223"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9580163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40338764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The state of health in Belgium, 1990-2019: a benchmarking analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study.","authors":"Jinane Ghattas,&nbsp;Vanessa Gorasso,&nbsp;Robby De Pauw,&nbsp;Sophie Thunus,&nbsp;Niko Speybroeck,&nbsp;Brecht Devleesschauwer","doi":"10.1186/s13690-022-00976-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-022-00976-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In a context of decreasing resources and growing health needs, evidence-based health and care policies are essential. This study aims to assess the health trends in Belgium between 1990 and 2019, to compare the Belgian health status to that of the EU-15 countries, and to identify the main drivers in trends over time and country differences within the EU-15.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We extracted estimates from the GBD 2019 study via the GBD results tool and visualization tools. We compared the Belgian health status with 14 European Union comparator countries between 1990 and 2019, and decomposed the time trends and country differences into the unique contributions of the different underlying causes of death and disability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Life expectancy (LE) in Belgium improved significantly between 1990 and 2019 for both men and women. Belgium age-standardised mortality rates dropped significantly for men (-40%) and women (-33%) between 1990 and 2019. Overall, Belgium age-standardised disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rates dropped by 23%. This decrease is mainly due to decreasing trends in age-standardised years of life lost (YLL) rates while age-standardised years lived with disability (YLD) rates remained stable. Compared to EU-15, Belgium's ranking in terms of age-standardised DALY rates worsened for both men and women in 2019. Self-harm and falls are major causes of disease burden, with DALY rates that are higher than in many other EU-15 countries, indicating a realistic potential for improvement. Lung cancer DALY rates remain worrisome for men, and even show an increasing trend for women. Increasing trends of headache disorders, drug use disorders, and diabetes, require further attention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Non-communicable diseases remain the main contributors for health burden in Belgium, with disability accounting for an increasingly larger share of the disease burden. Despite considerable improvements, Belgium's ranking for DALYs decreased between 1990 and 2019 compared to the EU-15. This study identified priority causes of disease burden based on their contributions to current evolutions and EU-15 differences. Since many of these causes are considered to be avoidable, primary and secondary prevention are crucial elements for reducing the burden of disease on the healthcare system.</p>","PeriodicalId":365748,"journal":{"name":"Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique","volume":" ","pages":"222"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9580164/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40337159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of mild hand, foot and mouth disease in children under 7 years old, Nanjing, China, 2010-2019.","authors":"Junjun Wang,&nbsp;Songning Ding,&nbsp;Weijia Xie,&nbsp;Taiwu Wang,&nbsp;Ying Qin,&nbsp;Jiandong Zheng,&nbsp;Xiaokun Yang,&nbsp;Hongting Zhao,&nbsp;Zhibin Peng,&nbsp;Tao Ma","doi":"10.1186/s13690-022-00974-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-022-00974-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mild hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) cases make up a relatively high proportion of HFMD while have often been overlooked. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of mild HFMD in Nanjing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on mild HFMD cases, during 2010-2019 in Nanjing, were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. This study mainly focused on mild cases aged < 7 years. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize epidemiological and etiological characteristics of mild cases. Flexible spatial scan statistic was used to detect spatial clusters of mild cases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 175,339 mild cases aged < 7 years were reported, accounting for 94.4% of all mild cases. There was a higher average annual incidence of mild HFMD in children aged < 7 years (4,428 cases/100,000) compared with children aged ≥ 7 years (14 cases/100,000, P < 0.001), and especially children aged 1-year-old (7,908 cases/100,000). Mild cases showed semi-annual peaks of activity, including a major peak (April to July) and a minor peak (September to November). The average annual incidence was higher in males (5,040 cases/100,000) than females (3,755 cases/100,000). Based on the cumulative reported cases, the most likely cluster was detected, including Yuhuatai District, Jiangning District, Jiangbei new Area, and Pukou District. The annual distribution of enterovirus serotypes showed a significant difference. During 2010-2016, Enterovirus 71 (EV71), Coxsackievirus A16 (Cox A16), and other non-EV71/Cox A16 EVs, accounted for 29.1%, 34.6%, 36.3% of all the enterovirus test positive cases, respectively. Moreover, during 2017-2019, Cox A6, Cox A16, EV71, and other non-EV71/Cox A16/Cox A6 EVs, accounted for 47.3%, 32.5%, 10.7%, 9.5%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Children under 7 years old are at higher risk of mild HFMD. Regions with high risk are mainly concentrated in the areas surrounding central urban areas. Cox A16 and Cox A6 became the dominant serotypes and they alternated or were co-epidemic. Our findings could provide valuable information for improving the regional surveillance, prevention and control strategies of HFMD.</p>","PeriodicalId":365748,"journal":{"name":"Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique","volume":" ","pages":"220"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9548167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33495263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The CIVISANO protocol: a mixed-method study about the role of objective and perceived environmental factors on physical activity and eating behavior among socioeconomically disadvantaged adults.","authors":"Suzannah D'Hooghe,&nbsp;Yasemin Inaç,&nbsp;Eva De Clercq,&nbsp;Benedicte Deforche,&nbsp;Sarah Dury,&nbsp;Stefanie Vandevijvere,&nbsp;Nico Van de Weghe,&nbsp;Delfien Van Dyck,&nbsp;Karin De Ridder","doi":"10.1186/s13690-022-00956-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-022-00956-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Overweight and obesity have a strong socioeconomic profile. Unhealthy behaviors like insufficient physical activity and an unbalanced diet, which are causal factors of overweight and obesity, tend to be more pronounced in socioeconomically disadvantaged groups in high income countries. The CIVISANO project aims to identify objective and perceived environmental factors among different socioeconomic population groups that impede or facilitate physical activity and healthy eating behavior in the local context of two peri-urban Flemish municipalities in Belgium. We also aim to identify and discuss possible local interventions and evaluate the participatory processes of the project.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study (2020-2023) will use community-based participatory tools, involving collaborative partnerships with civic and stakeholder members of the community and regular exchanges among all partners to bridge knowledge development and health promotion for socioeconomically disadvantaged citizens. Furthermore, a mixed-methods approach will be used. A population survey and geographic analysis will explore potential associations between the physical activity and eating behaviors of socioeconomically disadvantaged adults (25-65 years old) and both their perceived and objective physical, food and social environments. Profound perceptive context information will be gathered from socioeconomically disadvantaged adults by using participatory methods like photovoice, walk-along, individual map creation and group model building. An evaluation of the participatory process will be conducted simultaneously.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The CIVISANO project will identify factors in the local environment that might provoke inequities in adopting a healthy lifestyle. The combination of perceived and objective measures using validated strategies will provide a robust assessment of the municipality environment. Through this analysis, the project will investigate to what extent community engagement can be a useful strategy to reduce health inequities. The strong knowledge exchange and capacity-building in a local setting is expected to contribute to our understanding of how to maximize research impact in this field and generate evidence about potential linkages between a health enhancing lifestyle among socioeconomically disadvantaged groups and their physical, food and social environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":365748,"journal":{"name":"Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique","volume":" ","pages":"219"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9533259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33490071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and focuses of hantavirus researches: a global bibliometric analysis and visualization from 1980 to 2020.","authors":"Xiao Wei,&nbsp;Xinlou Li,&nbsp;Shuxuan Song,&nbsp;Xiaohui Wen,&nbsp;Tiezhi Jin,&nbsp;Chenxi Zhao,&nbsp;Xubin Wu,&nbsp;Kun Liu,&nbsp;Zhongjun Shao","doi":"10.1186/s13690-022-00973-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-022-00973-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There have been worldwide changes in the researches on hantaviruses in the past several decades. Nevertheless, there are few bibliometric analysis studies this field. We aim to evaluate and visualize the research focuses and trends of this field using a bibliometric analysis way to help understand the developmet and future hotspots of this field.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Publications related to hantavirus studies were culled from the Web of Science Core Collection to generate trend analysis. The articles and reviews were re-extracted and Countries, institutions, authors, references and keywords in this field were visually analyzed by using VOSviewer and CiteSpace.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4408 studies were included and the number of publications regarding hantaviruses significantly increased yearly. Three thousand seven hundred sixteen research articles and reviews were retrieved to generate bibliometric analysis. These studies mainly come from 125 countries led by USA and China and 3312 institutions led by the University of Helsinki. Twelve thousand five hundred twenty nine authors were identified and Vaheri A were the most influential author. Journal of Virology was the journal with the most studies and citations. After analysis, Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome, nephropathia epidemica and related genotypes, clinical symptoms and rodents were the most common keywords and developing areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Research on hantavirus is flourishing. Cooperation among different countries and institutions in this field must be strengthened in the future. The ecology and clinical symptoms of new genotypes, the vaccine development and factors that affect host population distribution and density are current and developing areas of study.</p>","PeriodicalId":365748,"journal":{"name":"Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique","volume":" ","pages":"218"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9526533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40388552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction analysis of lipid accumulation product and family history of diabetes on impaired fasting glucose and diabetes risk in population with normotension in Eastern China: a community-based cross-sectional survey.","authors":"Li Shu,&nbsp;Yingying Zhao,&nbsp;Yanqi Shen,&nbsp;Linlin Jia,&nbsp;Jiaye Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s13690-022-00972-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-022-00972-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lipid accumulation product (LAP) is considered to be a new convenient useful indicator to assess the visceral fat. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the risk factors of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and diabetes, and explore the possible interacting influences of LAP with other factors on the risk of IFG and diabetes among Chinese normotension adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multistage stratified cluster sampling method was conducted to select urban residents in Bengbu, China. For each eligible participant, data on questionnaire survey, anthropometric measurements and laboratory tests were obtained. The effects of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to height ratio (WHtR) and LAP for predicting IFG and diabetes were performed by multiple logistic regressions and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. The interaction effects were evaluated by relative excess risk of interaction (RERI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP) and synergy index (SI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six thousand, four hundred sixty-seven normotension subjects (2695 men and 3772 women) were enrolled in our study, the prevalence of IFG and diabetes were 9.37% and 14.33%, respectively. When assessed using ROC curve analysis, LAP exhibited higher diagnostic accuracy for identifying IFG and diabetes than BMI, the area under the AUC curve was 0.650 (95% CI: 0.637 to 0.662). After adjustment for age, sex, educational level and other confounding factors, multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that subjects with the fourth quartile of LAP were more likely to develop IFG (adjusted OR: 2.735, 95% CI: 1.794-4.170) and diabetes (adjusted OR: 1.815, 95% CI: 1.297-2.541) than those with the first quartile. A significant interaction between LAP and family history of diabetes was observed in participants (RERI = 1.538, 95%CI: 0.167 to 3.612; AP = 0.375, 95%CI: 0.118 to 0.631; SI = 1.980, 95%CI: 1.206 to 3.251). However, a significant interaction between LAP and abdominal obesity was indicated by the value of RERI (1.492, 95%CI: 0.087 to 3.723) and AP (0.413, 95%CI: 0.014 to 0.756), but not the value of SI (1.824, 95%CI: 0.873 to 3.526).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results demonstrated that there might be synergistic effect between LAP and family history of diabetes on the risk of IFG and diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":365748,"journal":{"name":"Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique","volume":" ","pages":"217"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9526958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40388276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Metadta: a Stata command for meta-analysis and meta-regression of diagnostic test accuracy data - a tutorial.","authors":"Victoria Nyawira Nyaga,&nbsp;Marc Arbyn","doi":"10.1186/s13690-022-00953-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-022-00953-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":365748,"journal":{"name":"Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique","volume":" ","pages":"216"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9513875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40379513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting the physical activity of healthcare workers of Iran University of Medical Sciences: a qualitative study.","authors":"Soodabeh Hoveidamanesh,&nbsp;Batool Tayefi,&nbsp;Zahra Rampisheh,&nbsp;Narjes Khalili,&nbsp;Mozhdeh Ramezani","doi":"10.1186/s13690-022-00963-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-022-00963-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low physical activity in adulthood is a major public health challenge. The majority of adults spend many hours each week at work, and workplace thus becomes a suitable location in which to promote health and implement physical activity programs. This qualitative study was conducted to identify the barriers and facilitators of worksite physical activity from the perspective of the employees of Iran University of Medical Sciences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this qualitative thematic analysis, five focus group discussions were held with the participation of 68 staff members of Iran University of Medical Sciences who had been selected by purposive sampling with maximum diversity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis of the data led to the identification of three general themes, including challenges and barriers, strategies, and incentives (facilitators). The four main categories of challenges and barriers included policy-making and legislation, organizational factors, structural factors, and personal factors. Most barriers identified by the participants were placed in the personal factors and organizational factors categories. The strategies for increasing physical activity were identified in the following three categories: Policy-making and legislation, organizational factors, and environmental factors. The majority of the strategies proposed were placed in the organizational factors and policy-making and legislation categories.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increasing physical activity in the workplace as a strategy for the general promotion of physical activity in people requires interventions in different areas, especially with regard to organizational factors and policy-making and legislation.</p>","PeriodicalId":365748,"journal":{"name":"Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique","volume":" ","pages":"214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9502907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33470168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence of seasonal changes in airborne particulate matter concentration and occupation-specific variations in pulmonary function and haematological parameters among some workers in Enugu Southeast Nigeria: a randomized cross-sectional observational study.","authors":"Sam Chidi Ibeneme,&nbsp;Rita Nkechi Ativie,&nbsp;Georgian Chiaka Ibeneme,&nbsp;Hellen Myezwa,&nbsp;Amarachi Destiny Ezuma,&nbsp;Amaka Nnamani,&nbsp;Salome Ezeofor,&nbsp;Maduabuchukwu Joseph Nwankwo,&nbsp;Theresa Ucheoma Ettu,&nbsp;Akachukwu Omumuagwula Nwosu,&nbsp;Ifeoma Joy Okoye,&nbsp;Gerhard Fortwengel","doi":"10.1186/s13690-022-00967-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-022-00967-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Upsurge in cardiopulmonary dysfunctions in Enugu, Nigeria, involved mainly cement workers, automobile spray painters, woodworkers, and Cleaners and was worsened in the dry season, suggesting the need for an occupation-specific characterization of the disease features and seasonal evaluation of air quality for prevention and management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a randomized cross-sectional study of eighty consenting participants (in Achara Layout, Enugu), comprising 20 cement workers (39.50 ± 14.95 years), 20 automobile spray painters (40.75 ± 9.85 years), 20 woodworkers (52.20 ± 9.77 years), and 20 cleaners (42.30 ± 9.06 years). The air quality, some haematological (fibrinogen-Fc, and C-reactive protein-CRP), and cardiopulmonary parameters were measured and analyzed using ANCOVA, at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The dry season particulate matter (PM) in ambient air exceeded the WHO standards in the New layout [PM₁₀ = 541.17 ± 258.72 µg/m³; PM_2.5 = 72.92 ± 25.81 µg/m³] and the University campus [PM₁₀ = 244 ± 74.79 µg/m³; PM_2.5 = 30.33 ± 16.10 µg/m³], but the former was twice higher. The PM differed significantly (p < 0.05) across the sites. Forced expiratory volume at the first second (FEV₁) (F = 6.128; p = 0.001), and Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) (F = 5.523; p = 0.002), differed significantly across the groups. FEV₁/FVC% was < 70% in cement workers (55.33%) and woodworkers (61.79%), unlike, automobile spray painters (72.22%) and cleaners (70.66%). FEV₁ and work duration were significantly and negatively related in cement workers (r = -0.46; r2 = 0.2116; p = 0.041 one-tailed). CRP (normal range ≤ 3.0 mg/L) and Fc (normal range-1.5-3.0 g/L) varied in cement workers (3.32 ± 0.93 mg/L versus 3.01 ± 0.85 g/L), automobile spray painters (2.90 ± 1.19 mg/L versus 2.54 ± 0.99 mg/L), woodworkers (2.79 ± 1.10 mg/L versus 2.37 ± 0.92 g/L) and cleaners (3.06 ± 0.82 mg/L versus 2.54 ± 0.70 g/L).</p><p><strong>Conclusion(s): </strong>Poor air quality was evident at the study sites, especially in the dry season. Cement workers and automobile spray painters showed significant risks of obstructive pulmonary diseases while woodworkers had restrictive lung diseases. Cement workers and cleaners recorded the highest risk of coronary heart disease (CRP ≥ 3.0 mg/L). The similarity in Fc and CRP trends suggests a role for the inflammation-sensitive proteins in the determination of cardiovascular risk in cement workers and cleaners. Therefore, there are occupation-specific disease endpoints of public health concern that likewise warrant specific preventive and management approaches among the workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":365748,"journal":{"name":"Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique","volume":" ","pages":"213"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9502601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33470763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in years of potential life lost among racial and ethnic groups in Washington state.","authors":"Solmaz Amiri,&nbsp;Sandte L Stanley,&nbsp;Justin T Denney,&nbsp;Dedra Buchwald","doi":"10.1186/s13690-022-00969-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-022-00969-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The disproportionate mortality burden racial and ethnic groups endure compared to their non-Hispanic white (NHW) counterparts is a widely known public health issue in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined disparities in premature mortality through a measure of years of potential life lost (YPLL) among racial and ethnic groups after accounting for individual and place-based risk factors. Data were nearly 400,000 geocoded death records from Washington state mortality records from 2011 to 2018. Decedent records included information on marital status and educational attainment at time of death. We linked these records to census tract indicators of rurality and area deprivation based on residential longitude and latitude coordinates at time of death. We conducted censored Poisson regression to test adjusted associations between racial and ethnic identity and YPLL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Relative to non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, American Indian and Alaska Natives, Asian or other Pacific Islanders, multiracial, and Hispanic decedents had significantly higher rates of YPLL. Controlling for sociodemographic factors reduced but did not eliminate the disparities in YPLL between non-Hispanic whites and other racial and ethnic groups. Controlling for place-based risk factors did not further attenuate differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Racial and ethnic minorities suffer disproportionately from premature mortality. Researchers and policy makers must recognize the disproportionate risks to premature mortality and work together to alleviate them through the delivery of better and more accessible targeted services.</p>","PeriodicalId":365748,"journal":{"name":"Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique","volume":" ","pages":"211"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9491249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40374062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}