{"title":"Fetal Membranes and Associated Complications in Dairy Animals: A Review","authors":"T. Rao","doi":"10.30954/2277-3371.03.2018.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2277-3371.03.2018.6","url":null,"abstract":"Fetal membrane is temporary organ that feeds the fetus intrauterine. It also permits transfer of oxygen and nutrients from mother to fetus and release of carbon dioxide and waste products from fetus. Placenta is partly maternal and partly embryonic in origin. Actual mixing of maternal and fetal blood is not possible due to placental membrane. After conception uterine contraction and tonicity decreases to retain blastocyst in situ position in uterus. Protein factors like blastokinin, trophoblastin has role in maternal recognition of pregnancy (MRP). Placenta of dairy animals is polycotyledonary and non-deciduate type. Prevention of RFM includes reducing stress, improving comfort and balance ration during transition period. Proper exercise, Vitamins (Vitamin A, E and Selenium), minerals along with infection control are common factors which control post-parturient problems including retention of placenta. Use of ecbolic, collagenase, antibiotics, herbal preparation and hormones are common practice used by farmers and farms with very positive effect i.e., reducing infertility.","PeriodicalId":364897,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology Insight- An International Journal of Reproduction in All Animal","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129124634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Boron Supplemetation on the Overall Health and Productivity of Livestock","authors":"S. Pradhan","doi":"10.30954/2277-3371.03.2018.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2277-3371.03.2018.7","url":null,"abstract":"Boron having the characteristics between metal and non-metal behaves like a metalloid and is considered as an essential element for plants, while in animals and human the knowledge of its biological effects is not fully explored yet and so it is the mineral of future prospect and interest. Boron is considered as a trace element in periodic table, known to influence various physiological functions specifically the metabolism of vitamins, minerals and hormones along with immunity and antioxidant defense mechanism. It acts as a lewis acid and in its cationic form has high affinity for the hydroxyl group to form borate and boric acid. The chemical properties of boron allow it to form complex with organic molecules containing hydroxyl group and therefore, interact with various metabolites to influence cellular activity. Boron interacts with calcium and phosphorus and its supplementation have direct effect on the bioavailability of Ca and P in the growth and bone development of chickens and other livestock. B plays a role in regulating the enzymatic activity of pathways involved in energy substrate metabolism and insulin release. Antioxidant activities of supplemental B were also elucidated. Boron plays a regulatory role in the metabolism of several micronutrients, such as calcium, phosphorus, aluminum, magnesium and molybdenum along with its effect on serum T3 and T4 concentration in livestock. B supplementation in chicken has shown better feed conversion ratio, bone development and body growth, respectively.","PeriodicalId":364897,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology Insight- An International Journal of Reproduction in All Animal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131086785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Current Treatment Aspects of Bovine Reproductive Disorders","authors":"Abhishek Kumar","doi":"10.30954/2277-3371.03.2018.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2277-3371.03.2018.2","url":null,"abstract":"Economy of the dairy farming mainly depends on first service conception rate and 12-months calving interval to get a calf each year which is advantageous for high milk yield per cow with the good economic return. Reproductive disorders are the major threats antagonizing fertility as well as productivity of dairy cattle. Antimicrobial therapy, phytotherapy (herbal remedy), homeopathy and immunotherapy are currently used for the alleviation of these disorders. But due to more negative impacts of antibiotics; phytotherapy, homeopathy and immunotherapy have been given more attention as a treatment approach in recent years because they are cost effective, have minimal side effects and milk residues which are important from public health point of view.","PeriodicalId":364897,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology Insight- An International Journal of Reproduction in All Animal","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129847373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Theriogenology of Pre and Post-parturient Downer Syndrome and Persistent or Recurrent Hypocalcaemia, in Cows and Buffaloes of Small Farmers, in Rural Areas of Rayalaseema Region","authors":"B. Dabbir","doi":"10.30954/2277-3371.03.2018.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2277-3371.03.2018.4","url":null,"abstract":"Theriogenology of pre and post parturient downer syndrome and persistent or recurrent hypocalcaemia, in 20 cows and 2 buffaloes of Small farmers, during July to October 2018, in rural areas of Rayalaseema Region, were intervened. After witnessing the poor response of conventional treatment which included an infusion of either Calboral or Mifex and Tonophosphan, parenteral phosphorus, all the 22 dairy farmers adopted the new intervention of infusion of calcium enriched Taurine (Taurocal). The recovery was dramatic with a cure rate at 86%. The possible therapeutic effect with regard to calcium homeostasis, stress factors, serotonin modulation and energy metabolism Were discussed.","PeriodicalId":364897,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology Insight- An International Journal of Reproduction in All Animal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125210187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Per Vaginal Delivery of Partially Macerated Fetus in Graded Buffalo: A Case Report","authors":"A. Bisla","doi":"10.30954/2277-3371.03.2018.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2277-3371.03.2018.5","url":null,"abstract":"A graded riverine buffalo in second parity was presented to the referral veterinary polyclinic of the ICAR-IVRI with the history of fever, inappetance and around 7 months of gestation. The animal was having foul smelling; muco-purulent vaginal discharge and gynaecological examination confirmed it as a case of fetal maceration. The cervical dilatation therapy was given to the animal and a partially macerated fetus was removed by traction after 20 h. The manuscript presents a rare case of fetal maceration in buffalo and per vaginal delivery of the fetus following successful cervical dilatation therapy.","PeriodicalId":364897,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology Insight- An International Journal of Reproduction in All Animal","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134016124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surgical Management of Vaginal Leiomyoma in Bitch","authors":"B. Saikia","doi":"10.30954/2277-3371.03.2018.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2277-3371.03.2018.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":364897,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology Insight- An International Journal of Reproduction in All Animal","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129424591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mummification of Triplets in a Doe","authors":"R. Rautela","doi":"10.30954/2277-3371.03.2018.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2277-3371.03.2018.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":364897,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology Insight- An International Journal of Reproduction in All Animal","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123375778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) Mapping and its Applications in Animal Traits","authors":"G. Mavi","doi":"10.30954/2277-3371.02.2018.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2277-3371.02.2018.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":364897,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology Insight- An International Journal of Reproduction in All Animal","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125066333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polydactylism along with Uterine Torsion in a Cow: A Case Report","authors":"Abhishek Kumar","doi":"10.30954/2277-3371.02.2018.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2277-3371.02.2018.5","url":null,"abstract":"A full term non-descript pluriparous cow aged six years was presented to Referral Veterinary Polyclinic (Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics wing) of the Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar with the history of intermittent abdominal straining but unable to calve. Clinical observation revealed that cow was restlessness, exhibiting other imminent signs of parturition such as teat engorgement along with udder enlargement, relaxation of sacro-sciatic ligaments and vulvar oedema. Per-vaginal examination revealed mild degree of torsion < 180o where fetal part and cervix was palpable. Animal was restrained and torsion was corrected by simple rolling method without the application of plank. After one roll, uterus was detorted and per-vaginal mutation was performed to correct fetal maldisposition, then, three point tractions were applied and live female fetus was extracted out. Gross examination of fetus revealed polydactylism i.e. accessory/duplication of phalanges in all the four limbs and this duplication was more pronounced in hind limbs. Further detail history revealed that the bull to which cow was bred had similar condition that relates it to be genetically linked disease. The animal was discharged on same day with administration of systemic antibiotic, anti-inflammatory along with herbal ecbolic and recovered uneventfully within three days of treatment.","PeriodicalId":364897,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology Insight- An International Journal of Reproduction in All Animal","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114580410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Body Condition Score with Relation to Various Physiological Blood Parameters for Postpartum Cyclicity of Crossbred Cows","authors":"D. Borpujari","doi":"10.30954/2277-3371.02.2018.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2277-3371.02.2018.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":364897,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology Insight- An International Journal of Reproduction in All Animal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130651695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}