Journal of Interpretation Research最新文献

{"title":"Choosing Illustrations of Spider (Faces) for Best First Impressions in Natural History Interpretive Programs A Program Component Analysis","authors":"R. Bixler, C. Crosby, Kelly N. Howell, Teresa W. Tucker","doi":"10.1177/109258721502000202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109258721502000202","url":null,"abstract":"This study demonstrates that faces of spiders that are neotenic are perceived as less scary than others, if not cute. A convenience sample of adults (n=69) at a university distributed 15 photographs spider faces along a ruler based on perceived scariness. Six of the seven photographs of jumping spiders (Family Salticidae) were ranked as least scary. Results suggest that using illustrations of jumping spiders to create a positive affective first impression in interpretive programs about spiders is a reasonable assumption. Spiders in the jumping spider family may be viewed as a –gateway spider.” This study illustrates a research and design approach termed Program Component Analysis (PCA), in which a design question for only a component of a program is subjected to systematic analysis.","PeriodicalId":364431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interpretation Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116221612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manuscript Submission Instructions to Authors","authors":"C. J. Ward","doi":"10.1177/109258721502000206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109258721502000206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":364431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interpretation Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123971013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communication Strategies to Promote Health Sun Safety in Outdoor Recreation Settings","authors":"Larry Beck, B. Walkosz, P. Andersen, A. Abbott, D. Buller, Michael D. Scott, R. Eye","doi":"10.1177/109258721502000205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109258721502000205","url":null,"abstract":"The field of interpretation is increasingly acknowledging the potential for strategic health promotion. The purpose of this paper is to introduce Go Sun Smart (GSS) Resorts, a sun safety program directed to guests recreating outdoors at destination resorts and parks in the United States and Canada. This paper aims to present a sun safety intervention that was designed to promote advanced sun safety practices to the field of interpretation. With a foundation in Diffusion of Innovations Theory and Transportation Theory this paper will present the intervention materials and strategies developed by GSS to showcase the potential to promote health behaviors. Intervention materials that were developed include posters, tip cards, a Public Service Announcement (PSA) video, additional electronic and print materials, employee trainings, GSS certification, and an interpretive script for use prior to various outdoor activities.","PeriodicalId":364431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interpretation Research","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130061949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the West Virginia Interpretive Guide Heritage Steward Program","authors":"Doug Arbogast, D. Smaldone, K. Balcarczyk","doi":"10.1177/109258721502000204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109258721502000204","url":null,"abstract":"West Virginia University's Extension Service partnered with the Recreation, Parks, and Tourism Resources Program to offer an entry level certification opportunity to interpretive guides in West Virginia. The result of this partnership is the West Virginia Interpretive Guide Heritage Steward Program aimed at providing low-cost, widely available training course to guides throughout the state. The course is divided into two components—a set of online modules and an in-person skill assessment workshop. This exploratory study used a retrospective post-then-pre survey design to assess the course impact on participants’ beliefs related to the effectiveness of the course, as well as self-reported changes in interpretive competency. Results indicated the course was successful in increasing participant competence related to developing and delivering interpretive talks. This effective regionally based certification course is potentially a model that could be used to expand personal interpretive certification opportunities for guides.","PeriodicalId":364431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interpretation Research","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127119843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inspiring the Outdoor Experience: Does the Path through a Nature Center Lead Out the Door?","authors":"T. Beery, K. I. Jönsson","doi":"10.1177/109258721502000105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109258721502000105","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the visitor experience at a Swedish nature center within a UNESCO biosphere reserve. The question of whether this interpretive facility succeeds in motivating the visitor to get outdoors for a direct experience of nature is explored. Use of the environmental connectedness perspective and concerns about diminished nature experience support the importance of this study. A number of qualitative methodologies are used to investigate the research questions, including thought listing, phenomenology, and field observation. Results indicate that this particular nature center generally succeeded in the goal of inspiring visitors for a direct nature experience. The success in motivating visitors appears to be a result of a number of key variables, including place-based exhibitry, access, and personal visitor factors. Given the setting for this study, we conclude that interpretive nature centers have the potential to play an important role in the re-imagination of urban environments.","PeriodicalId":364431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interpretation Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130916793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visitors’ Satisfaction with Interpretive Services at the Southern Sichuan Bamboo Sea, China","authors":"Minyan Zhao, H. Harshaw, Wenyuan Dong, Wen Ye, Jiajun Liu, Tengwei Su","doi":"10.1177/109258721502000104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109258721502000104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":364431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interpretation Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133774569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manuscript Submission Instructions to Authors","authors":"C. J. Ward","doi":"10.1177/109258721502000106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109258721502000106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":364431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interpretation Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131993157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectively Connecting with Communities Across Cultures: There's No App for That!","authors":"Nina Roberts","doi":"10.1177/109258721502000102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109258721502000102","url":null,"abstract":"Nina S. Roberts, Ph.D., Professor San Francisco State University A dynamic educator and well-known, vibrant speaker, Nina is a professor in the department of Recreation, Parks, & Tourism at San Francisco State University. She is a Fulbright Scholar and experiential educator whose social science research in cultural diversity and parks has been vital to public land managers and community partners. Nina is also director of the Pacific Leadership Institute, an outdoor adventure program in partnership with the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. Her perspectives on diversity, national parks, and use/non-use of public lands have been widely shared through interviews with CNN.com, Boston Globe, L.A. Times, NBC News Bay Area, New America Media, The New York Times, and Public Radio International. She is featured in the landmark book Black and Brown Faces in America’s Wild Places, and is well published including numerous journal articles and book chapters about constraints to park use, social and environmental justice, women and girls outdoors, and youth development. Her work provides leaders, park managers and partners with ideas and resources needed to respond more effectively to changing demographics and social trends across the U.S.","PeriodicalId":364431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interpretation Research","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115980952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parks and Underserved Audiences: An Annotated Literature Review","authors":"James L Pease","doi":"10.1177/109258721502000103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109258721502000103","url":null,"abstract":"In the 1970s, there began to be a realization that parks, monuments, and other recreational areas were not visited by people from minority racial and ethnic groups in proportion to their representation in the U.S. population. Parks personnel realized that the demographic trends in the U.S. would accentuate the problem in the decades to come. They worried that, as traditional white, middle-class visitors became less dominant in the population, support for parks would erode. Further, if the intention is to have Americans be ecologically and historically literate and parks are to be an important part of that effort, the lack of visitation by other racial and ethnic groups will mean a significant part—maybe a majority—of the population will lack that literacy. Social scientists studied the problem throughout the last third of the 20th century. While initial studies worried that racial and ethnic minorities didn't have the same concern for the environment as the dominant white culture, later studies showed the fallacy in those early findings. At the end of the 20th century, Floyd (1999, 2001) wrote about the four major theories in the literature that attempted to explain reasons for low visitation rates to parks and other wild settings among racial and ethnic minorities. The theories explaining such non-use included: 1. the marginality hypothesis (groups lack the resources to participate socially, from past discrimination, and economically); 2. the subcultural hypothesis (racial and ethnic groups have different value systems and socialization practices that preclude some from participation in outdoor recreation, independent of socioeconomic factors); 3. assimilation theory (the degree to which a group is assimilated into the dominant society—acculturated—is reflected in their park use); and 4. discrimination hypothesis (park use is affected by actual or perceived discrimination, past discrimination, and institutional discrimination, both real and perceived). Studies of various sub-groups and cross-cultural studies continued throughout the first decade of the 21st Century. While the marginality hypothesis has gained prominence, all four of the explanatory theories have proven to be explanatory for some groups in some locations at some times. The barriers that prevent many underserved groups from using parks, monuments and other recreation areas have been identified. Roberts summed them up well in her 2007 paper: 1. access limitations (including transportation or lack thereof, costs, and fear of the outdoors); 2. communication challenges (including language barriers of printed materials, signs, etc.); 3. fear of discrimination (cultural, actual verbal and non-verbal messages from other visitors, overwhelming posted park rules, signs and brochures not reflective of their culture/race); 4. lack of knowledge, experience, awareness (what to do, where to go, how to get there, equipment needed, etc.); and 5. lack of diversity on staff (their group is not repr","PeriodicalId":364431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interpretation Research","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128613768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perception of Thematic-Based Interpretation at the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial: A Study of Korean Visitors","authors":"M. Morgan, Geumchan Hwang","doi":"10.1177/109258721401900203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/109258721401900203","url":null,"abstract":"The Jefferson National Expansion Memorial (Gateway Arch) is a National Park Service (NPS) monument in St. Louis, Missouri, that serves as a symbol of westward expansion and frontier life in America during the 19th century. Most of the nearly 2.5 million annual visitors are interested in learning about its history and significance. Although the Gateway Arch is an international tourism destination, few attempts have addressed the language requirements of foreign visitors. This study evaluated thematic-based interpretation at the Gateway Arch using a sample of Korean visitors. A total of 148 subjects were recruited from the Asian Affairs Center (AAC) at the University of Missouri (MU) and assigned to one of three conditions: control group (n=42), watching a DVD prior to the visit (n=62), or participating in an on-site, ranger-led tour (n=44). Individuals were asked to evaluate five interpretive themes developed by NPS staff (by condition) using a questionnaire that was translated into Korean and checked for accuracy. Results indicated that theme perception was relatively poor in the control group, but improved significantly (p < 0.05) after watching a DVD and attending a NPS ranger-led tour. Managerial implications of this study focused on improving visitor experiences for international audiences, especially Koreans.","PeriodicalId":364431,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interpretation Research","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114428038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}