International Journal of Cartography最新文献

{"title":"Deep mapping Eagle Village","authors":"Sheila Nadimi, Emory Shaw","doi":"10.1080/23729333.2023.2288377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23729333.2023.2288377","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36401,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cartography","volume":"24 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139002950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sense of space: memory map of Dakar, Senegal","authors":"Jessica Gosling-Goldsmith","doi":"10.1080/23729333.2023.2288368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23729333.2023.2288368","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36401,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cartography","volume":"926 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138982690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MAPS IN HISTORY: Richard Harrison as media cartographer","authors":"Imre Josef Demhardt","doi":"10.1080/23729333.2023.2279378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23729333.2023.2279378","url":null,"abstract":"\"MAPS IN HISTORY: Richard Harrison as media cartographer.\" International Journal of Cartography, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2 Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":36401,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cartography","volume":"19 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136347024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carto-City to Surface-City: un-mapping and re-mapping the urban emotion of missing","authors":"Maggie McCormick","doi":"10.1080/23729333.2023.2220981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23729333.2023.2220981","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTDrawing on a fascination with Denis Cosgrove’s term ‘Carto-City’ that encompasses the concept that ‘Urban space and cartographic space are inseparable’ [Cosgrove, D. (2006). Carto-City. In J. Abrams, & P. Hall (Eds.), Else/where: Mapping New cartographies of networks and territories (pp. 148–157). University of Minnesota], this essay applies the idea to a conceptualisation of ‘city’ as urbaness – as a connected state of mind or urban emotion. Through a visual methodology of ‘unmapping’ and ‘re-mapping’ of Carto-City as Surface-City, this artistic research practice aims to contribute to how we understand and map the connected cartographies of contemporary urban consciousness. Cosgroves “seeing, imagining and representing” (2008) is re-interpreted to map a specific emotion within urbaness emerging out of the restricted transience of a world-wide pandemic – the emotion of missing. As physical city spaces across the world stood still, digital connection expanded creating a focused space for critical reflection on how interconnected layers of urban emotion might be mapped. My response to this, Surface-City, is grounded in my ongoing body of research into urban consciousness and its mapping through academic writing and visual practice.RÉSUMÉEn s'inspirant d'une fascination du terme ‘carto-cité' de Denis Cosgrove, terme qui porte l'idée que ‘l'espace urbain et l'espace cartographique sont inséparables' (Cosgrove 2006), cet essai applique cette idée à une conceptualisation de la ville en tant qu'urbanité – comme un état d'esprit connecté ou une émotion urbaine. Grâce à une méthodologie visuelle consistant à ‘dé-cartographier' et à ‘recartographier' la carto-cité comme une cité-surface, cette pratique de recherche artistique vise à contribuer à la manière dont nous comprenons et nous cartographions les cartographies connectées de la conscience urbaine contemporaine. L'expression ‘voir, imaginer et représenter' de Cosgrove (2008) est ré-interprétée pour cartographier une émotion particulière propre à l'urbanité, qui a émergé lors de la période éphémère d'une pandémie mondiale – l'émotion de manquer. Alors que les espaces urbains physiques du monde entier se sont arrêtés, la connexion numérique s'est développée, créant un espace particulier de réflexion critique sur la manière dont les couches interconnectées des émotions urbaines peuvent être cartographiées. Ma réponse à cela, la cité-surface, s'inscrit dans le cadre de mes recherches en cours sur la conscience urbaine et sa cartographie à travers l’écriture académique et la pratique visuelle.KEYWORDS: Carto-CitySurface-Cityun-mappingre-mappingurbaness Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationNotes on contributorsMaggie McCormickMaggie McCormick is Adjunct Professor in the School of Art, RMIT University and Hon. Professor at Reutlingen University, Germany. She holds a PhD from the Faculty of Architecture at The University of Melbourne","PeriodicalId":36401,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cartography","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135581831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Livestock demarcating livestock routes: a methodological proposal for enhancing transparency and legality in land management and linear infrastructure development","authors":"Eduardo Moreno Cuesta, Encarnacion Gonzalez Algarra, Ezequiel Alvarez Segovia, Alberto Zabalo Torrejon","doi":"10.1080/23729333.2023.2254499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23729333.2023.2254499","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a comprehensive methodology for demarcating livestock routes to enhance transparency and legality in land management and linear infrastructure development. The lack of demarcation of these routes can lead to conflicts between individuals and the public domain, hindering plans proposed by the administrations. The University of Huelva has developed a methodology that includes specific phases, such as the interpretation of sketches, investigation of documentary collections, and topographic survey, leading to the generation of demarcation plans for livestock tracks. The use of new geographic information technologies allows for a digital representation of these routes, enabling their cataloging for better conservation and use. The innovative use of historical cartography and the latest in information and communication technologies not only allows for the exact demarcation of livestock routes but also provides a glimpse into their past and enables their protection and promotion as cultural and landscape assets. The demarcation of livestock routes can contribute to the development of linear infrastructure and land management programs, benefiting the environment and socioeconomic development.RÉSUMÉCet article propose une méthodologie complète pour la délimitation des parcours du bétail pour améliorer la transparence et la légalité dans la gestion des terres et le développement d'infrastructures linéaires. L'absence de délimitation de ces chemins peut aboutir à des conflits entre les particuliers et le domaine public, ce qui peut gêner les plans proposés par l'administration. L'université de Huelva a développé une méthodologie qui inclut des étapes spécifiques telles que l'interprétation des croquis, la recherche de collections documentaires, et les relevés topographiques, qui aboutit à la création de plans de délimitation des parcours du bétail. L'utilisation des nouvelles technologies de l'information géographique permet la représentation numérique de ces chemins, ce qui permet leur catalogage pour une meilleure conservation et utilisation. L'utilisation innovante de la cartographie historique et des dernières technologies de l'information et de la communication permet non seulement d'extraire les délimitations précises de ces parcours du bétail mais aussi donne un aperçu de leur passé et permet leur protection et leur promotion en tant que biens culturels et paysagers. La délimitation des parcours du bétail peut contribuer au développement des infrastructures linéaires et des programmes de gestion des terres au bénéfice de l'environnement et du développement socio-économique.KEYWORDS: Livestock route demarcationgeographic information technologiesland management and linear infrastructure AcknowledgementsWe would like to express our gratitude to the University of Huelva and the Consejería de Medio Ambiente, Junta de Andalucia for their support and funding for this research project. We also thank all the individuals and institu","PeriodicalId":36401,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cartography","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135581838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroadaptive mobile geographic information displays: an emerging cartographic research frontier","authors":"Sara Irina Fabrikant","doi":"10.1080/23729333.2023.2253645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23729333.2023.2253645","url":null,"abstract":"Mobility, including navigation and wayfinding, is a basic human requirement for survival. For thousands of years maps have played a significant role for human mobility and survival. Increasing reliance on digital GNSS-enabled navigation assistance, however, is impacting human attentional resources and is limiting our innate cognitive spatial abilities. To mitigate human de-skilling, a neuroadaptive (mobile) cartographic research frontier is proposed and first steps towards creating well-designed mobile geographic information displays (mGIDs) that not only respond to navigators’ cognitive load and visuo-spatial attentional resources during navigation in real-time but are also able to scaffold spatial learning while still maintaining navigation efficiency. This in turn, will help humans to remain as independent from geoinformation technology, as desired.","PeriodicalId":36401,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cartography","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135768573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The origin of nautical cartography: certitudes, doubts, and perplexities","authors":"Gaspar, Joaquim Alves","doi":"10.1080/23729333.2023.2240902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23729333.2023.2240902","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTEuropean geographical maps and nautical charts have distinct geneses and underwent separate evolutions. When scientific cartography was reborn in the beginning of the fifteenth century, following the translation and dissemination of Ptolemy’s Geography, the portolan chart had already been established as an effective navigational tool for over one hundred years. And while new geographical maps started to be constructed by the erudite, using the coordinates and prescriptions given by Ptolemy some thirteen centuries before, charts continued to be made by artisans, on the basis of navigational data collected by pilots. Despite being a unique achievement in the history of cartography, if not in the history of civilization, the creation of the medieval portolan chart was still poorly understood at the turn of the twentieth century. With the introduction of new research tools and a deeper study of the extant sources, we have now reached a situation where the initial state of perplexity concerning the very emergence of the portolan charts has given way to a broad consensus about some central questions. The purpose of this article is to appraise the present state of knowledge regarding the so-called ‘origins problem’.RÉSUMÉLes cartes géographiques et les portulans européens ont une genèse et des évolutions distinctes. Lorsque la cartographie scientifique renait au début du XVe siècle, après la traduction et la diffusion de la Géographie de Ptolémée, les portulans étaient déjà un outil de navigation efficace depuis plus de cent ans. Alors que des nouvelles cartes géographiques commençaient à être construites par les érudits, en utilisant les coordonnées et conseils donnés par Ptolémée quelques treize siècles plus tôt, les cartes marines continuaient à être faites par des artisans, à partir de données de navigation collectées par les pilotes. Bien qu'il s'agisse d'une réalisation unique dans l'histoire de la cartographie, si ce n'est dans l'histoire de la civilisation, la création de la carte portulan médiévale était encore mal comprise au début du XXe siècle. Avec l'introduction des nouveaux outils de recherche et une étude plus approfondie des sources existantes, nous avons maintenant atteint une situation où l'état initial de perplexité concernant l'émergence même des cartes portulans a laissé place à un large consensus sur certaines questions centrales. L'objectif de ce papier est d'évaluer l'état actuel des connaissances sur ce que l'on appelle, 'le problème des origines'.KEYWORDS: History of cartographyhistory of navigationportolan chartnautical chartcartometric analysis AcknowledgmentsSome of the historiographic developments of the last few years, concerning the genesis of nautical cartography, were triggered by an informal discussion, held by email, between collaborators of the Medea-Chart project: Corradino Astengo †, Dick Pflederer, Gregory McIntosh, Michael Barrit, Tony Campbell, and Wolfgang Koeberer, to name just a few. The arguments ex","PeriodicalId":36401,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cartography","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135768592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracturing & fluidity, isolation & (dis)integration: mapping ecological islands & edges in painting & music","authors":"Darren Sears","doi":"10.1080/23729333.2023.2225951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23729333.2023.2225951","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe author’s watercolor maps capturing the inherently spatial, heterogeneous experiences of ecological islands and edges, and musical map evoking a multifaceted journey through an ‘archipelago’ of island ecosystems, aim to convey the increasing fragility and ‘preciousness’ of these slivers of the natural world. But simultaneously, the maps unintentionally begin to muddle this simplistic conception of ecological isolation and stability. The paintings’ fractured compositions and external frames appear to freeze and distance islands in space and time, but as the fragments multiply they also immerse the viewer in the geography and suggest ecological dynamism. The musical map has a similarly multifaceted structure, but it is mainly qualities of fluidity and cohesion, along with sound’s fundamentally non-descriptive, temporal nature, that objectify the island in some ways and in others produce an immersive, energizing effect. In future cartographic work, the author expects to more consciously engage rather than to resolve this tension between isolation and integration. But as a viewer/listener impression that is ultimately itself the ‘object’ of the maps, the islands’ imagined state of timelessness and preciousness is in fact a manifestation of their inseparability from humanity and the wider world – and therefore an image with reality and value of its own.ABSTRAITELes cartes à l'aquarelle de l'auteur, qui saisissent les expériences spatiales et hétérogènes des îles et lisières écologiques, ainsi que la carte musicale ‘The Last Island' qui évoque un voyage aux multiples facettes au travers un ‘archipel' d'écosystèmes insulaires, ont pour objectif de transmettre la fragilité et la ‘préciosité' de ces éclats du monde naturel. Mais en même temps, les cartes commencent involontairement à brouiller cette conception simpliste d'un isolement et d'une stabilité écologiques. Les compositions fracturées et les cadres extérieurs de ces peintures semblent figer et éloigner les îles dans l'espace et le temps., mais à mesure que les fragments se multiplient, ils immergent également l'observateur dans la géographie et suggèrent un dynamisme écologique. La carte musicale a une structure multifacette similaire, mais ce sont surtout les qualités de fluidité et de cohésion, associées à la nature fondamentalement non descriptive et temporelle du son, qui objectivent l'île en quelque sorte, et produisent un effet immersif énergisant. L'auteur s'attend à un engagement plus conscient plutôt que de résoudre la tension entre isolement et intégration. Mais comme l'impression de l'observateur/auditeur qui est en fin de compte elle–même « l'objet » des cartes, l'état imaginaire d'intemporalité et de préciosité des îles est en réalité une manifestation de leur inséparabilité de l'humanité et d’un monde en général – et donc une image qui a une réalité et une valeur qui lui est propre.KEYWORDS: Art in cartographymusical mappingnarrative cartographyenvironmental imaginationis","PeriodicalId":36401,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cartography","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136374228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engagement, communication and context: the success of the human-map nexus","authors":"David Fairbairn, Georg Gartner, Michael Peterson","doi":"10.1080/23729333.2023.2251751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23729333.2023.2251751","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe communication paradigm was adopted by cartographic researchers in the 1960s as a means of describing and explaining the nature of mapping; the interaction amongst cartographers, their maps, and map users; and the way in which maps ‘work'. This paper considers some of the shortcomings of the cartographic communication paradigm, but proposes that enhancing it by incorporating modifications to its rigid linear and component-based model is useful, in trying to explain the success of maps in human society. The enhancements discussed all contribute to a deeper investigation of the ‘context' of cartographic activity, the model space which the traditional graphical representations of cartographic communication occupy. Thus, we present an exploration of several topics which it is felt could be incorporated into a deeper analysis of context: the concept of affordances; the role of cognition in human engagement with geospatial data and with maps; the nature of communication through the map medium; and the adoption of carto-pragmatics, a human-centred approach to map use. It is concluded that there are inherent relationships among these topics and each suffuses the total cartographic communication system, and each of its previously identified elements, therefore affecting the definition of ‘context’.RÉSUMÉLe paradigme de la communication a été adopté par les chercheurs en cartographie dans les années 1960 comme moyen pour décrire et expliquer la nature des cartes ; l'interaction entre les cartographes, leurs cartes et les utilisateurs de cartes ; et la façon dont les cartes ‘fonctionnent'. Ce papier examine quelques défauts du paradigme de communication cartographique, et propose de l'améliorer en incorporant des modifications dans son modèle linéaire rigide et à base de composants, afin d'expliquer le succès des cartes dans la société humaine. Les améliorations exposées contribuent toutes à une recherche plus approfondie du ‘contexte' de l'activité cartographique, l'espace modèle occupé par les représentations graphiques traditionnelles de la communication cartographique. Ainsi, nous présentons une exploration de différents sujets dont nous pensons qu'ils pourraient être incorporés dans une analyse plus approfondie du contexte : le concept d'affordance ; le rôle de la cognition dans l'engagement humain avec les données géospatiales et les cartes ; la nature de la communication à travers le support cartographique ; et l'adoption de la pragmatique cartographique, une approche de l'utilisation des cartes centrée sur l'humain. Nous concluons qu'il existe des relations inhérentes entre ces sujets et que chacun d'entre eux influence l'ensemble du processus de communication cartographique et que chacun a un impact sur la définition du ‘contexte’.KEYWORDS: Cartographic communicationcontextaffordancescarto-pragmatics Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Additional informationNotes on contributorsDavid Fairbair","PeriodicalId":36401,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cartography","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136263001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proposal and evaluation of pictorial symbols for reference mapping on mobile devices","authors":"Jaqueline Alves Pisetta, Andrea Faria Andrade, Silvana Philippi Camboim","doi":"10.1080/23729333.2023.2207328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23729333.2023.2207328","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTCartographic representations have evolved alongside technological advancements in digital mobility, with the widespread use of mobile devices, prompting a need for improved map usability. This article explores the creation of new symbols for topographic OR reference mapping on mobile devices by developing a three-step methodology for symbol design specifically tailored for Brazilian users. First, a Comprehension Test with 632 individuals assessed their understanding of symbols on mobile devices, considering figure-background distinction suitable for smaller screens. The symbols were adapted using the Semiotics and Gestalt Theory. Next, a Production Test involved nine volunteers creating concept sketches to propose new representations for unvalidated symbols, with components integrated into new designs. Lastly, a Map Reading Task Test with 80 users evaluated the symbols' detection, distinction, and recognition to ensure their suitability for mobile device maps. This user-centric approach reduced noise in the recognition process and accounted for diverse perspectives and cultures. The resulting symbols provided mobile device map usability comparable to desktop computers. The study also found that using a white halo instead of a white square with a black outer line did not negatively impact symbol perception on mobile interfaces. Conducted remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic, this approach to user integration in cartographic symbol creation shows promise for other use contexts.RÉSUMÉLes représentations cartographiques ont suivi le rythme des avancées technologiques qui ont émergé avec l'augmentation de la mobilité numérique quotidienne, y compris le développement de nouvelles plateformes numériques telles que les appareils mobiles. Compte tenu de l'utilisation grandissante de cartes numériques sur les téléphones portables, il est essentiel de comprendre leur utilisabilité sur les appareils mobiles, dans la mesure où le même symbole peut ne pas être adapté pour la représentation sur un autre appareil en raison de la taille de l'écran et de la résolution. En conséquence, dans ce contexte, les questions suivantes se posent : a / suggérer des modèles de symbolisation pour la cartographie topographique ou de référence qui permettent la perception et la compréhension de ces éléments et b/ assurer l'utilisabilité des cartes utilisées sur appareils mobiles. Ce papier décrit la méthodologie utilisée pour proposer, évaluer, et comprendre la classification sémantique portée par un ensemble de symboles pour la symbolisation des cartes de référence grande échelle utilisées sur les appareils mobiles des utilisateurs brésiliens. Nous avons développé une séquence de trois tests pour atteindre cet objectif. En premier, un test de compréhension sur 632 individus a pour objectif de vérifier la compréhension des symboles sur appareils mobiles. De plus deux groupes ont comparé différents ensembles pour tester comment préserver la lecture de l'arrière-plan adap","PeriodicalId":36401,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cartography","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135014693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}