Journal of Public Health and Development最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and Help Seeking Behavior for Non-Suicidal Self-Injury on College Students","authors":"F. Hidayati, M. Fanani, S. Mulyani","doi":"10.55131/jphd/2023/210219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2023/210219","url":null,"abstract":"The high prevalence of NSSI has become a widespread health issue in various countries. Unfortunately, NSSI studies in Eastern countries are not as many as in Western countries. This study aims to explore the self-injury behavior of students in Indonesia. Crowdsourcing approach is used by distributing questionnaires through Google Form. A total of 909 students aged 18-25 years (mean age = 20.3, SD = 1,329, 75.4% female) participants completed the Inventory of Statements About Self-injury (ISAS) self-report scale to comprehensively assess non suicidal self-injury (NSSI). Participants were recruited during June 2022–July 2022. The results shows 30% of students were involved in NSSI behavior. The mean age of onset was 15.5 years. As many as 55% of subjects reported having committed more than 50 acts of self-injury. The reported NSSI methods included slashing (78% hair pulling, hitting 74%, biting 57.1%, interfering wound healing 46.9%, carving 26.7%, pinching 66%, scratching 63.3%, stabbing 25.2%, and ingesting a hazardous substance 7.3%. It was reported that 88.3% used more than one method, 17.2% did not feel pain while doing self-injury. In conclusion, the prevalence of NSSI among students in Indonesia is not different from other countries. Prevention and management actions need to be developed to help people who self-injure to have strategies in dealing with problems adaptively and avoiding risky behavior.","PeriodicalId":36393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health and Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74154884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/AIHD-MU/article/view/261309","authors":"Olubukola A. Wellington","doi":"10.55131/jphd/2023/210220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2023/210220","url":null,"abstract":"During pregnancy, women are exposed to various psychosocial stressors that affect their quality of life, but few studies have looked at them additively in non-western contexts. This study aimed to assess the shared and unique contributions of perceived stress, financial strain, intimate partner violence, food insecurity, and social support to maternal quality of life. Data were gathered from a cross-sectional sample of 519 pregnant women who received antenatal care at various primary health care centers in Ibadan, Nigeria. Independent effects of and two-way interactions between psychosocial stressors in predicting maternal quality of life were explored using hierarchical linear regression. Higher scores for the main effects of food insecurity (β = -0.52, p < 0.01) and social support (β = 0.11, p < 0.01) were most strongly linked to a lower and better quality of life, respectively. Further, the two-way interaction effects were significant for financial strain in combination with intimate partner violence (β = -0.18, p < 0.01) and food insecurity in combination with social support (β = 0.18, p < 0.01) contributing to lower quality of life. The findings of this study were supported by the social determinants of health model, which recognizes that a person’s socioeconomic environment and psychosocial state affect his or her health and life experiences. It is recommended that health care practitioners should incorporate assessments of clinical factors of gestation with those of psychosocial needs as part of routine antenatal care in order to develop appropriate women-centered interventions.","PeriodicalId":36393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health and Development","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78926762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of android-based educational media on knowledge, dietary intake and hemoglobin levels for prevention of anemia in adolescent females","authors":"Andi Nurhana Magfirah, C. -, R. Indriasari, Aminuddin Syam, A. Salmah, Nurpudji A Taslim","doi":"10.55131/jphd/2023/210218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2023/210218","url":null,"abstract":"Compared to other media, such as print, audiovisual, and social media, educational media based on Android applications must be generated more broadly to prevent anaemia in adolescent females. This study compares the effects of e-posters and LADIES, an android-based educational media intervention, on female adolescents’ knowledge, dietary intake, and haemoglobin levels. This study was conducted using the quasi-experimental method from July to October 2022. This research utilised a pre-test-post-test and a control group design. This study’s sample comprised 49 adolescent females between the ages of 16 and 17, divided into two groups. The intervention group (n = 25) used the LADIES application media; on the other hand, the control group (n = 24) utilised the e-poster media. Results showed the average score of the knowledge (55.60 vs 91.80), nutritional intake (protein (49.41gr vs 54.38 gr), iron (6.42 mg vs 11.50 mg), and vitamin C (12.17mg vs 35.75mg)), and haemoglobin levels (12.34 mg/dl vs 13.21 mg/dl) in the LADIES group before and after the intervention and the average score of the knowledge (52.92 vs 86.46), nutritional intake (protein (50.29 gr vs 67.81 gr), iron (5.88 mg vs 8.96 mg) and vitamin C (11.49 mg vs 33.09 mg)), and haemoglobin levels (12.41 mg/dl vs 12.95 mg/dl) in the e-poster group before and after the intervention. The findings indicated that there were differences between groups in knowledge and nutritional intake (protein and iron) (p<0.01). However, there was no difference between groups in vitamin C intake (p=0.841) or hemoglobin levels (p=0.928). Education using Android-based media (LADIES) is more effective than e-poster media in enhancing female adolescents’ knowledge, nutrient intake, and haemoglobin levels.","PeriodicalId":36393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health and Development","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75090537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of personal initiative behavior on the performance excellence behaviors of patient unit nurse managers at international private hospitals in Thailand","authors":"Chutchavarn Wongsaree, N. Sritoomma","doi":"10.55131/jphd/2023/210217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2023/210217","url":null,"abstract":"Personal initiative behavior (PIB) is a major concept with effects on the performance of patient unit nurse managers in modern nursing organizations. PIB affects the performance excellence behavior (PEB) of individuals and increases the capacity of a person driving patient-unit competitive advantages and subsequent innovation in the workplace. This study aimed to analyze the following: 1) levels of personal initiative behavior and performance excellence behavior; and 2) influence of personal initiative behavior over performance excellence behavior. The sample consisted of 302 patient unit nurse managers who worked at international private hospitals in Thailand. The sample was selected by simple random sampling by means of drawing lots without returning the lots drawn. Data were collected with self-administered questionnaires on demographic data, personal initiative behavior and performance excellence behavior. Data were analyzed with descriptive and a confirmatory factor analysis that was first conducted to validate all study variables, then, the effect of PIB on PEB was evaluated by structural equation modeling. According to the findings: 1) PIB and PEB were high level (= 4.37 and 4.49, SD = .60 and .62, respectively). PIB had direct influence on PEB (β= .88, p < .05). The model was consistent with evidence-based data (c 2 = 18.033, DF = 6, CMIN/DF = 3.000, GFI= .988, AGFI = .919, CFI = .962, RMR = .048, RMSEA= .080) and was able to predict performance excellence behavior at 78 percent (R2= .78, p<.05). Therefore, nursing organizations should have policies to develop PIB, and human resources departments in nursing organizations should provide practical training to develop personal initiative behavior, which will cause patient unit nurse managers to have performance excellence behaviors.","PeriodicalId":36393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health and Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90198576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of self-medication reasons, television advertisements, and pharmaceutical professionals' roles on self-medication practices","authors":"Agus Susanto, Heni Purwantiningrum, Meliyana Perwita Sari","doi":"10.55131/jphd/2023/210215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2023/210215","url":null,"abstract":"Self-medication has become increasingly common in society, and it is crucial to provide reliable information and emphasize the role of pharmacists in dispensing information to ensure that self-medication is carried out safely. This study aimed to analyse the reasons for self-medication, the influence of television advertisements, and the role of pharmacists in self-medication. The research used a descriptive-analytic approach with a cross-sectional design. The study involved 350 adult participants who were purposively selected in Tegal City, Central Java, Indonesia. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analysed using SPSS, employing univariate and bivariate analyses. The Chi-Square test was used to investigate the relationship between variables, with a significance level of 0.05. The findings showed that the primary reasons for self-medication were minor illnesses (63.1%), complete TV advertisements (86.3%), active involvement of pharmacists (68.9%), and good self-medication practices (73.1%). The study revealed that there was a significant relationship between the reasons for self-medication (p=0.032) and the role of pharmacists (p=0.002) in self-medication practices. In conclusion, the study found that self-medication practices were good, but pharmacists should be more active in providing information to clients to enhance the quality of self-medication. To achieve this, pharmacists need to play a more significant role in promoting appropriate self-medication practices by providing appropriate information on the safe use of medications. Moreover, health authorities should develop policies to regulate the advertising of over-the-counter drugs, emphasizing the risks of inappropriate use of medications through the media.","PeriodicalId":36393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health and Development","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79213522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting Premarital Sex among Nepalese Undergraduates","authors":"Anil Paudel, Awijit Neupane, S. Khadka, Laxmi Adhikari, S. Paudel, Maheshor Kaphle","doi":"10.55131/jphd/2023/210213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2023/210213","url":null,"abstract":"Premarital sex is considered a social taboo and an immoral act in Nepal. However, there is a widespread view that young men and women are becoming more at ease in each other's company and beginning sexual experiences prior to marriage, putting them at risk of the consequences of unsafe sex. This research aims to evaluate the factors associated with premarital sexual behavior and its consequences among Nepalese college-going adolescents and youths. This cross-sectional web-based study included 415 Nepalese students over the age of 18 who were enrolled in a bachelor's degree program in a discipline other than health science. Data was collected from students online using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Pearson's chi-square (χ2) and logistic regressions were used to examine the relationship between the independent and outcome variables. Most participants (61.7%) had dating experience and 21.2% had premarital sex. About three-fourths (76.1%) of participants had premarital sex before the age of 20 years and the ages of sexual debut ranged from 13 to 25 years. The major reasons for sexual debut were desire, curiosity, continuation of love relationship, and peer pressure. One-third of students (33.0%) reported having more than two sex partners, and 11.4% had intercourse with commercial sex workers. Among students who had premarital sex, 13.7% of participants or their sex partners, had to undergo abortions because of unintended pregnancies. Having an illiterate parent (AOR=11.0; 95% CI=2.01-60.87), high pocket money (AOR=4.2; 95% CI=1.1-16.2), increased dating culture (AOR=18.8; 95% CI=4.8-74.2), a close friend who has experienced premarital sex (AOR=5.2; 95% CI=2.21-12.21), and exposure to pornography (AOR=97.87; 95% CI= 9.5-10001.4) were predictors of premarital sex among Nepalese college students. This demonstrates the importance of sex and relationship education programs led by qualified peer educators in educating young people about safe sexual activity.","PeriodicalId":36393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health and Development","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77116186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the relationship between spiritual health, social factors and hypochondriasis among students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Iran","authors":"Ali Riasaty, Maryam Hashempour-Sadeghian, H. Maghami, Hadieh Parhizkar","doi":"10.55131/jphd/2023/210214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2023/210214","url":null,"abstract":"Spiritual health represents the last dimension introduced to the overall notion of health and could even be regarded as the most critical dimension. This study investigates spiritual health and social factors associated with it among students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS). The study was cross-sectional research in which the respondents were 400 enrolled students of different disciplines at SUMS selected through random multistage sampling. Electronic questionnaires were used to collect data. Due to COVID-19 restrictions when the study was conducted in 2021, the classes were held online, and the whole process lasted about two months. The data collected were analyzed in SPSS 19 based on such statistical procedures as mean, standard deviation, independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA. The results revealed that, the students’ spiritual health was generally above average, and based on the respondents’ views, the most important dimensions of spiritual health were “behavior”, “orientation”, and “insight”, respectively. The findings also showed a significant difference in the participants’ spiritual health about their marital status, place of residence, and respective school (P<0.05); Being married, living in rural regions, studying nursing, and having completed fewer semesters could contribute to increased spiritual health. The more semesters the students completed, the less spiritual health they experienced (r=-0.134; P<0.001). The reason for this is that increasing the levels of spiritual health would depend on an individual’s ability to change his/her intellectual insights and emotional orientations. However, these two factors may decline as students begin their academic studies. The level of hypochondriasis was low, and this variable variable was not significantly associated with spiritual health (P>0.05). In response, policymakers must find solutions to this problem by formulating plans that could ideally enhance students’ levels of spiritual health.","PeriodicalId":36393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health and Development","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77844685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health literacy, health behavior, social support and quality of life among socially dependent elderly people, in Phayao Province, Thailand","authors":"Kamollak Wongnoy, Somkid Juwa, Taweewun Srisookkum","doi":"10.55131/jphd/2023/210216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2023/210216","url":null,"abstract":"This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the level of health literacy, health behavior, social support and quality of life among socially dependent elderly people , and to investigate correlations and predictable factors for their quality of life. 450 elderly people in Thailand's Phayao province were chosen using a multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data were collected using questionnaires between November 7th, 2022 and January 30th, 2023. Descriptive analysis, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The results showed that health literacy (HL-3ESA) and social support were adequate, health behavior (HB-3ESA) was good, and quality of life (QL) was at a good level. QL differed significantly between groups according to age, occupation, education, BMI, and disease condition. Cognitive function and information on HL-3ESA and emotional support were positively and significant in their correlation with QL, whereas HL-3ESA was negatively significant in its correlation with QL. Multiple regression analysis indicated that seven dependent variables predicted QL; disease condition (β= 3.94), frequency of health information (β=.932), HB-3ESA (β= -.526), occupation (β= -.386), age (β= -.215), HL-3ESA (β= .210),and social support (β= .124) and all were able to predict QL from samples at 27.3%. The findings should be used to help set up activities to promote health care measures for socially dependent elderly in the area under study and similar areas.","PeriodicalId":36393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health and Development","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77022537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural equation modeling for explaining preventive health practices of rural adults in the new normal context of COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"M. A. Alam, Md. Nazmul Haque, Shuvashis Saha, Faiza Farheen, Suphawadee Panthumas, J. Zuenkova","doi":"10.55131/jphd/2023/210210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2023/210210","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are not only limited to health, they also impinge on the social life and economy of communities around the globe. Challenges faced by developing countries such as Bangladesh were multi-factorial and its rural population was highly vulnerable in this situation due to their cultural and sociodemographic context. Preventive behavioral changes were considered the best way to fight against the virus in absence of specific treatment and vaccines. This study has tried to explain preventive health practices during the COVID-19 pandemic, and aimed to explore the causal relationships of its major determinants through structural equation modeling (SEM) based on reasoned action approach (RAA). This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020 among 810 rural Bangladeshi respondents aged 18-55 years. Around half of the respondents showed poor knowledge, motivation and practice regarding COVID-19 and its prevention. Along with socio-demographic factors, information, attitude, motivation, and intention of the people were found to be associated with the adoption of preventive health practices. The causal model of the COVID-19 prevention behaviors was assessed and justified through SEM. The model fits well with the empirical data (GFI=0.94, CFI=0.97, NFI=0.97, RMSEA=0.05, SRMR=0.04). Intention significantly influenced COVID-19 prevention behavior directly, showing the highest effect (β=0.89, p<0.001). Attitude (β=0.83, p<0.001) and motivation (β=0.15, p<0.001) also showed significant direct effects on intention. All the predictors together explained 79.6% of the variance for COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Adequate knowledge, a positive attitude, proper motivation, and positive intention can encourage rural adults to adopt healthy behaviors against COVID-19. The theoretical model of the study effectively explained COVID-19 preventive behaviors rationally and provided a roadmap for policy-makers to formulate strategies to combat COVID-19 and any future similar pandemic.","PeriodicalId":36393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health and Development","volume":"300 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79892892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A system model for real-time monitoring and geospatial data for the simulation of surveillance of COVID-19 in Makassar, Indonesia","authors":"Y. Djawad, R. ., H. Jaya, Sutarsi Suhaeb, S. .","doi":"10.55131/jphd/2023/210211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2023/210211","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid spread of COVID-19 requires rapid management. Prompt treatment is needed to prevent the spread of this disease, which could be minimized or isolated in one place so that it does not spread to other places. This study was conducted to discover a model of the surveillance system in real time and to analyze the change in its distribution pattern. This study was conducted in the city of Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, involving 30 volunteers. Two devices were used, the Internet reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (iRTLAMP) and IoT button application, to provide spatial data in the form of patient points exposed to COVID-19. Furthermore, three scenarios were applied to see the pattern of data distribution. The data recorded in the cloud database were retrieved with a created application and then analyzed using Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) and Point Pattern Analysis (PPA) to observe the distribution of patterns in real time. The analysis utilizing KDE with the Gaussian kernel function as the kernel revealed significant changes in the probability distribution, which could be seen from color changes in the map. The centrographic analysis revealed that the mean and median points of the three scenarios changed in various ways within approximately 700 m to 1.7 km. Meanwhile, the radius of minimal bounding circle behaved similarly and appeared to change depending on the scenario, from a radius of 5.57 (initial) km to 6.55 km (scenario 1), 5.57 km (scenario 2) and 6.22 km (scenario 3). The standard distance also showed a change from 4.53 km to 4.60 km (scenario 1), 4.70 km (scenario 2) and 5.40 km (scenario 3). Simulations carried out using the developed system showed that the use of internet devices could help monitor people exposed to COVID-19 by changing patterns and distribution points. Therefore, decision makers could take preventive actions earlier so that this disease does not spread quickly.","PeriodicalId":36393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health and Development","volume":"2010 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86279694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}