{"title":"The full life revisited: Examining hedonia and eudaimonia as general orientations, motives for activities, and experiences of wellbeing","authors":"Taysa-Rhea Mise, M. Busseri","doi":"10.5502/IJW.V10I4.951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5502/IJW.V10I4.951","url":null,"abstract":"We examined the concepts of hedonia and eudaimonia with respect to general orientations to life, motives for activities, and experiences of wellbeing among young Canadian adults (N = 325; M age = 19.10, SD = 2.18; 87% female). Within concepts, moderate positive correlations were observed across facets of hedonia and eudaimonia. Between concepts, correlations were strongest for wellbeing and weakest for motives. Unique predictive associations of eudaimonic general orientations and motives for daily activities were found for both types of wellbeing. In support of the ‘full life’ hypothesis the highest levels of each form of wellbeing were found among individuals characterized by high (top 33%) levels of hedonic and eudaimonic general orientations and motivations for recent activities. Findings support distinguishing between hedonia and eudaimonia as related but independent concepts, and provide new insights concerning hedonic and eudaimonic general orientations and motivations for activities in characterizing the full life.","PeriodicalId":36390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wellbeing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42868187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Winter is coming: Wintertime mindset and wellbeing in Norway","authors":"Kari A Leibowitz, Joar Vittersø","doi":"10.5502/IJW.V10I4.935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5502/IJW.V10I4.935","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research of the effect of winter on wellbeing has yielded contradictory findings. While there is evidence that the lack of sunlight in wintertime can lead to seasonal depression and negative emotions, many individuals are able to thrive during the winter. What might determine whether the darkness of winter leads to poor psychological outcomes? To investigate whether or not mindset contributes to wintertime wellbeing, we assessed wintertime mindset via a Wintertime Mindset Scale measuring attitudes towards winter. A survey of 238 respondents from southern Norway, northern Norway, and the Arctic island of Svalbard identified correlations between positive wintertime mindset and measures of wellbeing, including life satisfaction and positive emotions. Latitude and wintertime mindset were also correlated, with more northern residents, who experience significantly more darkness and somewhat colder temperatures during the winter, holding more positive wintertime mindsets, and wintertime mindset statistically mediating the relationship between location and wellbeing. These results suggest that mindset is a previously overlooked factor of seasonal wellbeing, especially in places where the winter darkness is more extreme. Implications of these findings and suggestions for further research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":36390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wellbeing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5502/IJW.V10I4.935","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41675591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The meaning of kindness and gratitude in Japan: A mixed-methods study","authors":"Claudia Gherghel, Takeshi Hashimoto","doi":"10.5502/IJW.V10I4.1179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5502/IJW.V10I4.1179","url":null,"abstract":"Kindness and gratitude expression have significant wellbeing enhancing effects. However, the effect of engaging in these activities may be influenced by cultural factors. The purpose of this research was to explore how Japanese young adults construe kindness and gratitude, as well as to investigate the effect of kindness and gratitude expression on their wellbeing. Fifty-eight Japanese students were randomly allocated to three groups: acts of kindness, gratitude expression, and memorable events (as control), and engaged in the activities for three weeks. Exploratory content analysis revealed that participants in the kindness and gratitude groups referred to similar types of social support when describing the activities they had engaged in, including instrumental support (offering objects), emotional support (encouragement), and informational support (teaching). As for the effect of kindness and gratitude on wellbeing, analyses revealed a significant decrease in depression and negative affect from pretest to posttest in all groups. Future research should clarify whether practicing the character strengths of kindness and gratitude is effective for participants with an Asian-cultural background.","PeriodicalId":36390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wellbeing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47086455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Eichstaedt, D. Yaden, Fernando Ribeiro, A. Adler, Margaret L. Kern
{"title":"Supplementary analysis for lifestyle and wellbeing: Exploring behavioral and demographic covariates in a large US sample","authors":"J. Eichstaedt, D. Yaden, Fernando Ribeiro, A. Adler, Margaret L. Kern","doi":"10.5502/IJW.V10I4.831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5502/IJW.V10I4.831","url":null,"abstract":"Using data from a nationally representative sample of 46,179 US adults from the Gallup-Healthways Wellbeing Index, we investigate covariates of four subjective mental wellbeing dimensions spanning evaluative (life satisfaction), positive affective (happiness), negative affective (worry), and eudaimonic wellbeing. Negative covariates were generally more strongly correlated with the four dimensions than positive covariates, with depression, poor health, and loneliness being the greatest negative correlates and excellent health and older age being the greatest positive correlates. We reproduce previous evidence for a “midlife crisis” around age 50 across the four wellbeing dimensions. Notably, although salutogenic behaviors (diet, exercise, socializing) correlated with greater wellbeing, there were diminishing benefits beyond thresholds of about four hours a day spent socializing, four days per week of consuming fruits and vegetables, and four days per week of exercising. Findings suggest that wellbeing is easier lost than gained, underscore the influence that relatively malleable lifestyle factors have on wellbeing, and stress the importance of multidimensional measurement for public policy.","PeriodicalId":36390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wellbeing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47647318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"When COVID-19 exacerbates inequities: The path forward for generating wellbeing","authors":"M. Warren, S. Bordoloi","doi":"10.5502/IJW.V10I3.1357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5502/IJW.V10I3.1357","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wellbeing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42374925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tyler Pacheco, S. Coulombe, Christine Khalil, S. Meunier, M. Doucerain, Émilie Auger, Emily Cox
{"title":"Job security and the promotion of workers’ wellbeing in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic: A study with Canadian workers one to two weeks after the initiation of social distancing measures","authors":"Tyler Pacheco, S. Coulombe, Christine Khalil, S. Meunier, M. Doucerain, Émilie Auger, Emily Cox","doi":"10.5502/IJW.V10I3.1321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5502/IJW.V10I3.1321","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Due to the current coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis, workplaces have had to make significant alterations in the way they conduct business. This, in addition to the current financial instability, may put workers at risk of experiencing job insecurity and, in turn, lower wellbeing. Job insecurity is a key determinant of wellbeing, but little is known on how it is impacted by public health crises, and more specifically how it relates to workers’ positive and negative wellbeing in the midst of a pandemic. Research is lacking on resilience levers that workplace interventions should target to support wellbeing in times of insecurity. Objective: Framed from a multidisciplinary perspective (public health, positive and organizational psychology), the study explores (1) workers’ job (in)security during the COVID-19 pandemic one to two weeks after social distancing measures were implemented by Canadian governments, (2) how job (in)security relates to wellbeing during the pandemic, and (3) the potential positive effects of workplace-related resilience levers. Method: 1,073 Canadian workers working full-/part-time or who were temporarily laid off completed an online survey, including measures of wellbeing at work or in general, job security and potential resilience levers (workplace disaster preparedness, policy, social capital). Results: Multiple regression findings highlight that marginalized workers (e.g., women, migrants, people facing financial hardships) reported lower job security, and having temporarily lost one’s job was negatively associated with job security. Low job security was related to lower scores across measures of wellbeing. Distress was high in the sample. Workplace disaster preparedness, policy and social capital were associated with higher wellbeing. The effects of these resilience levers tended to be stronger at higher job security levels. Discussion: Recommendations include a systemic, collaborative approach that includes policies fostering job security as well as resilience-promoting interventions in the workplace to protect/increase the wellbeing of workers during COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":36390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Wellbeing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46437994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}