Newsletter, European Labor and Working Class History最新文献

{"title":"On Involving Labor in Labor Studies","authors":"Sally M. Miller","doi":"10.1017/S0097852300015641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0097852300015641","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":363865,"journal":{"name":"Newsletter, European Labor and Working Class History","volume":"341 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131493952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Work in Progress and/or Recently Completed","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s0147547900015775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0147547900015775","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":363865,"journal":{"name":"Newsletter, European Labor and Working Class History","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128276253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ILW volume 8 and Front matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s0147547900015593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0147547900015593","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":363865,"journal":{"name":"Newsletter, European Labor and Working Class History","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132424621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionary and Counter-Revolutionary Thought in Habsburg Hungary, 1914–1918","authors":"R. Allen","doi":"10.1017/s0147547900015660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0147547900015660","url":null,"abstract":"(A panel under this title was held at the Duquesne History Forum at Duquesne University in Pittsburgh on October 31, 1974. Gabor Verities spoke on \"Count Istvan Tisza and the Preservation of the Old Order;\" Peter Pastor on \"The Democratic Alternative: The Revolutionary Beliefs of Michael Karolyi:\"' and Samuel Goldberger on \"Ervin Szabo and the Tasks of the Hungarian Transformation: Economic Backwardness in Revolutionary Perspective.\" Richard E. Allen was the commentator.)","PeriodicalId":363865,"journal":{"name":"Newsletter, European Labor and Working Class History","volume":"4 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120928724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Working Class Culture in Germany: A Review Essay","authors":"W. Weber","doi":"10.1017/S0097852300015690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0097852300015690","url":null,"abstract":"For all the broadening of research into the modern working class during the last ten years, little work has appeared on the working class within European culture. While scholars have made the commonsense discovery that workers had their own lives to lead as well as unions and parties to advance, few have explored the ways in which working-class people amused themselves or related to cultural institutions. The Archiv fur Sozialgeschichte has fortunately devoted most of its hefty 768 page volume for 1974 (Bonn: Verlag Neue Gesellschaft) to this subject. Almost half of its space comprises reviews (interesting topical ones, luckily enough), but seven of its nine articles concern cultural dimensions of German socialism between 1914 and 1933. Hanno Mbbius explores the One-Mark Novels, Christoph Rtilcker the literary coverage of Vorwarts, and Rolf Busch worker poets during World War One. Herbert Scherer discusses the socialist theater movement, Horst Ueberhorst workers' sports, Vernon L. Lidtke workers' songs and Ulrich Linse investigates the socialist student revolution of 1918-1919. Also included are articles by Wolfgang Schieder on the Trier Pilgrimage of 1844 and by Jens Flemming on farm workers' organizations. The significance of the seven articles for the development of German Social Democracy must be seen through the particular dynamics of the social history of culture. This field has emerged as a spin-off from work in other fields not just on culture itself but also on politics and society in general — and has suffered from the derivative nature of such interests. Too often historians have viewed the social structure of a cultural field only insofar as it related to one of these other lines of study, and the result has been some serious misconceptions and enormous gaps of knowledge. Little work of any depth has been done on audiences theatrical, literary, musical or on the institutional structures of the arts. Books abound on the press's reactions to events but what do we know about the internal workings of newspapers or the people who read them? Especially frustrating has been the indifference of cultural historians to the occupational bases and social roles of artists, for many studies leave one guessing just how these figures earned their living. Finally, the analytical tools used on many cultural topics are frequently laiden with heavy assumptions and value judgements which obscure more than they dissect. Culture has always been dear to historians' hearts, and they therefore have too often approached it with clumsily affectionate hands. The articles in the Archiv are successful primarily in the last respect: analytical distance. The authors share a revisionistic perspective of a Marxist sort which provides them a healthy skepticism toward the so powerful cultural tradition of the 19th century a tradition they show social democrats accepted pretty completely and communists found themselves powerless to change. Linse, Mbbius, and RUlcher parti","PeriodicalId":363865,"journal":{"name":"Newsletter, European Labor and Working Class History","volume":"197 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124393954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Working Class History at the Princeton Davis Center","authors":"G. Cohen","doi":"10.1017/s0147547900015659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0147547900015659","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":363865,"journal":{"name":"Newsletter, European Labor and Working Class History","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123703682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bronterre O'Brien's Correspondence with Thomas Allsop: New Evidence on the Decline of a Chartist Leader","authors":"Ray Faherty","doi":"10.1017/S0097852300015689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0097852300015689","url":null,"abstract":"differences, but also cultural conditioning. The role gerontologists assign to expectations and fears in magnifying health problems for older people has a devastating effect on the majority of the working class. How unique is the French experience? French retirement age is unusually young, which strikes a chord with the old culture of deterioration. The ideological bent of the French labor movement may have contributed to a distinctive approach. So, ironically, may the unusually high percentage of old people in the French population (the result of low birth rates) which caused young workers to push especially hard for a place. But overall the possibility of a similar working-class outlook toward aging seems high, and the possibility is sufficiently gloomy to require historical testing and remedies based thereupon. The time seems particularly propitious for a reassessment, now that French unions have begun to develop programs for dealing with the social needs of the elderly, following from the informal card-playing and reading groups that sprang up by the 1950s; now that French workers as individuals show signs of reconsidering earlier reactions; and now that, since the early 1960s, almost 45% of men over 65 are working at least parttime. Historians of the labor movement and of workers alike can join in this kind of endeavor, for in this area of behavior at least, mutual feedback has been extensive if unproductive. Let us hope that a serious consideration of a dismal but persistent past can allow old people themselves and those who have or should have responsibility for improving the framework of their lives to understand the basic impulse that they must come to grips with. It will certainly point up the need for serious attention beyond a periodic social security calculation of pension costs, in industrial societies where active workers will soon outnumber older workers by barely two to one. Historians, having dutifully followed the labor movement in largely ignoring this subject, must now play an active role in its elucidation.","PeriodicalId":363865,"journal":{"name":"Newsletter, European Labor and Working Class History","volume":"15 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113932522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging in the Working Class: An Exploratory Essay","authors":"P. Stearns","doi":"10.1017/S0147547900015672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0147547900015672","url":null,"abstract":"Older workers have received little attention from labor historians, their late lamented but only in passing. The contrast with at least partial knowledge of definable internal groups such as children, women, various skill levels and the like is striking. When mentioned, one o' two comments is typically made. The bluntest simply says that workers were dead or incapacitated by 45: this at once captures the horror of industrial capitalism and excuses any further study of the subject. The fact that it is entirely wrong, as the briefest glance at a census would indicate, is ignored. Approach two, applied particularly in comments on the early industrial period, berates employers for firing their older employees without support. The extent to which they actually did so has not, to my knowledge, been calculated, and again what happened to those dismissed is left to the imagination. We need to do better than this, for several reasons. By the second half of the nineteenth century, males over sixty-five formed up to 8% of all male manufacturing workers (specifically this was the case in France in 1906); over 60% of all male workers stayed on the job after 65. Even, then, to study the active work force involves attention to the older segment, and when one adds the minority retired or disabled the numbers become more significant still. But in urging study more is involved than a \"let's fill a gap in social history\" plea. Once we know the existence of a definable group of older workers we can begin to see certain potential pressures on the labor movement; how were the characteristics of old age, the tendency toward growing conservatism and distrust of youth, to be handled by movements that overtly stressed dynamism and waves of the future? In the French case, at least, and I believe quite generally, the labor movement was not up to the challenge. Still more important, a culture toward aging a particular set of fixed attitudes persists within the working class and while quite understandable, it is not healthy. It continues to be reflected in formal policies of the labor movement give them a pension and forget about them and it dominates the self-image of workers themselves. The historian can trace the origins of the culture and the causes of its durability; but he can step beyond his usual role and do more, evaluating the culture and indicating what might be done about it. In tracing the origins of retirement, for example, the historian adds to the impression that retirement must become more individual and flexible in its imposition. Precisely because aging has a discrete history and at the same time constitutes an agonizing contemporary problem, the historian can apply understanding of the phenomenon to social policy formulation. What follows, based on French working-class history, sketches some conclusions for France and suggests topics and research approaches applicable more generally. I view France as a case study, with some distinctive features due to the ","PeriodicalId":363865,"journal":{"name":"Newsletter, European Labor and Working Class History","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127819770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bronterre O'Brien's Correspondence with Thomas Allsop: New Evidence on the Decline of a Chartist Leader","authors":"Ray Faherty","doi":"10.1017/S0147547900015684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0147547900015684","url":null,"abstract":"differences, but also cultural conditioning. The role gerontologists assign to expectations and fears in magnifying health problems for older people has a devastating effect on the majority of the working class. How unique is the French experience? French retirement age is unusually young, which strikes a chord with the old culture of deterioration. The ideological bent of the French labor movement may have contributed to a distinctive approach. So, ironically, may the unusually high percentage of old people in the French population (the result of low birth rates) which caused young workers to push especially hard for a place. But overall the possibility of a similar working-class outlook toward aging seems high, and the possibility is sufficiently gloomy to require historical testing and remedies based thereupon. The time seems particularly propitious for a reassessment, now that French unions have begun to develop programs for dealing with the social needs of the elderly, following from the informal card-playing and reading groups that sprang up by the 1950s; now that French workers as individuals show signs of reconsidering earlier reactions; and now that, since the early 1960s, almost 45% of men over 65 are working at least parttime. Historians of the labor movement and of workers alike can join in this kind of endeavor, for in this area of behavior at least, mutual feedback has been extensive if unproductive. Let us hope that a serious consideration of a dismal but persistent past can allow old people themselves and those who have or should have responsibility for improving the framework of their lives to understand the basic impulse that they must come to grips with. It will certainly point up the need for serious attention beyond a periodic social security calculation of pension costs, in industrial societies where active workers will soon outnumber older workers by barely two to one. Historians, having dutifully followed the labor movement in largely ignoring this subject, must now play an active role in its elucidation.","PeriodicalId":363865,"journal":{"name":"Newsletter, European Labor and Working Class History","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116536385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Annual International Labor History Conference (ITH)","authors":"Susanna L. Miller","doi":"10.1017/S0097852300015616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0097852300015616","url":null,"abstract":"Communist Parties.\" Antoni Czubinski, (Poland), \"Revolution oder Reform in Mitteleuropa im XX. Jahrundert.\" A. I. Danilov, et. al., (U.S.S.R.), \"History and Society.\" Tibor Erenyi, (Budapest), \"Sozialistische Revolution und Burgerlich-Demokratische Reform in der Arbeiterbewegung der Zerfallenden Osterreich-Ungarischen Monarchic\" Ronan Fanning, (Ireland), \"Leadership and Transition from the Politics of Revolution to the Politics of Party: The Example of Ireland 1914-1939.\" Erich Gruner, (Switzerland), \"The Labor Movement in Switzerland Confronted by the Question: Reform or Revolution.\" E. J. Hobsbawm, (England), \"Revolution.\" Chr. R. Jansen and Erik Korr Johansen, (Denmark), \"The Study of Unemployment. Remarks based on Unemployment Research in 19th Century Denmark.\" Janos Jemnitz, (Budapest), \"Revolution and Reform in the West European Parties of the Second International.\" Jlirgen Kocka, (Federal Republic of Germany), \"The Problem of Democracy and the Lower Middle Classes in the First Third of the 20th Century: Some Results and Perspectives of Research.\" E. Kolb, (Federal Republic of Germany), \"Die Deutsche Arbeiterbewegung vor der Frage: Reform oder Revolution, 1914-1919.\" Val R. Lorwin, (U.S.A.), \"The Red and the Black: Socialist and Christian Labor Organization in Western Europe.\"","PeriodicalId":363865,"journal":{"name":"Newsletter, European Labor and Working Class History","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125230620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}