Aquaculture Studies最新文献_第5页

Evaluation of Sugar Mill By-product Molasses as a Low Cost Culture Media for Microalgae 糖厂副产品糖蜜作为微藻低成本培养基的评价

Aquaculture Studies Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.4194/aquast776

Md. Hamidur Rahman, A. Khan, Md. Ahsan Bin Habib, M. S. Hossain

{"title":"Evaluation of Sugar Mill By-product Molasses as a Low Cost Culture Media for Microalgae","authors":"Md. Hamidur Rahman, A. Khan, Md. Ahsan Bin Habib, M. S. Hossain","doi":"10.4194/aquast776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/aquast776","url":null,"abstract":"Microalga Chlorella vulgaris was cultured in different concentrations of normal molasses medium (NMM0.5 g/l, NMM1.0 g/l, and NMM1.5 g/l) to evaluate growth performance of the sugar mill byproduct as a low cost culture media and Bold basal medium (BBM) as control. Maximum growth of Chlorella vulgaris was found in NMM 1.0 g/l on 8th day of the culture followed by BBM, NMM 0.5 g/l and NMM 1.5 g/l. Similar findings were also observed in determining chlorophyll a content and optical density of C. vulgaris. Maximum cell growths 191.88 (Χ 105)/mL, chlorophyll a content 10.60 (mg/l) and optical density 2.15 were recorded in NMM1.0 g/l. Maximum SGR of cell was determined 0.56 (mg/day) grown in NMM1.0 g/l followed by 0.52, 0.52 and 0.48 (mg/day) in BBM, NMM0.5 g/l and NMM1.5 g/l, respectively. Chlorophyll a content and total biomass of Chlorella vulgaris followed the similar trend. Protein (46.49%) and lipid (14.18%) of C. vulgaris was detected significantly higher (P<0.01) in NMM1.0 g/l than that grown in BBM and other concentrations of NMM. The growth performance of the investigating molasses medium (NMM1.0 g/l) indicates that the molasses may be a good low cost culture medium ingredient source for C. vulgaris or any other microalga species.","PeriodicalId":36343,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70422195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Lactobacillus plantarum as Bio-Control Agent during Egg Incubation of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) – Effects on Microbial Loads and Water Quality Parameters 植物乳杆菌作为非洲鲶鱼卵孵化过程中的生物控制剂——对微生物负荷和水质参数的影响

Aquaculture Studies Pub Date : 2022-02-26 DOI: 10.4194/aquast808

D. Diyaolu

{"title":"Lactobacillus plantarum as Bio-Control Agent during Egg Incubation of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) – Effects on Microbial Loads and Water Quality Parameters","authors":"D. Diyaolu","doi":"10.4194/aquast808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/aquast808","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the heterotrophic bacteria and fungi loads and water quality parameters when Lactobacillus plantarum was employed as bio-control agent during egg incubation of Clarias gariepinus. The L. plantarum cells were inoculated into incubating water in 6-litre bowl at bacterial concentration of 2×103, 2×106 and 2×109 cfu L-1. Bowls with 1 ppt tetracycline solution and with no test bacteria / drug served as positive and negative controls respectively. 3 g of C. gariepinus fertilized eggs were incubated in these bowls under static water condition for 30 hours at room temperature, after which hatchability was determined. The water in each bowl was analyzed before, during and after egg incubation. The results indicated that all L. plantarum treatment groups recorded significantly (p<0.05) reduced Enterobacteriaceae and fungi counts in the incubating water, with the optimum concentration recorded at 2×106 cfu L-1. There were significant reductions (p<0.05) in the dissolved oxygen and pH of water at 30 hours of incubation when compared with the values obtained at 10 hour of incubation in all experimental groups. The fertilized eggs hatched in all treatment groups except those inoculated with 2×109 cfu L-1 L. plantarum, while hatchlings from positive control (tetracycline solution) groups were observed to be less viable than the probiotic-treatment and negative control (non-probiotic treatment) groups. It can be concluded from this study that addition of 2×106 cfu L-1 of L plantarum into incubating water reduced microbial loads, but did not improve water quality parameters (dissolved oxygen and pH) and hatchability of C. gariepinus eggs.","PeriodicalId":36343,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49142941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Varying Discharge Rate on the Performance of Venturi Aeration System 不同流量对文丘里曝气系统性能的影响

Aquaculture Studies Pub Date : 2022-02-23 DOI: 10.4194/aquast824

Anamika Yadav, Avinash Kumar, S. Sarkar

引用次数: 0

Utilization of Geothermal Water (Şanlıurfa-Karaali) Medium to Enhance DNA Protection and Phycocyanin in Spirulina platensis Production 利用地热水（Şanlıurfa Karaali）培养基提高螺旋藻生产中的DNA保护和藻蓝蛋白

Aquaculture Studies Pub Date : 2022-02-23 DOI: 10.4194/aquast762

Betul Guroy, S. Bayil Oğuzkan, Derya Guroy

{"title":"Utilization of Geothermal Water (Şanlıurfa-Karaali) Medium to Enhance DNA Protection and Phycocyanin in Spirulina platensis Production","authors":"Betul Guroy, S. Bayil Oğuzkan, Derya Guroy","doi":"10.4194/aquast762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/aquast762","url":null,"abstract":"Spirulina's industrial use depends on its sustainability and economic production. Geothermal water sources are well known potential water sources for Spirulina' slow-cost production. This research aimed to study the effects on Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis culture of Sanlıurfa (Karaali) geothermal water. Spirulina was cultured in a 2000 mL Erlenmeyer flask for three weeks. The Schlösser medium (SM) was substituted with 50% and 100% of the volume of the culture medium with the Sanlıurfa geothermal water. The results determined that 3.25 phycocyanin purity ratio (A620/A280), 8% phycocyanin and 38.3% protein in the nutrient medium containing 50% Sanliurfa (Karaali) geothermal water. In the Schlösser Spirulina nutrient medium, defined as the control group, the protein content of 55% and a content of phycocyanin of 16.9% was achieved a phycocyanin purity ratio of 4.43. Although the protein and phycocyanin ratios of Spirulina produced with geothermal water replaced are lower than in Schlösser medium, DNA protective activity of Spirulina produced in the geothermal water of Sanliurfa Karaali showed better protective activity than those produced in the Schlösser medium.","PeriodicalId":36343,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43495454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Pyrethroid Pesticide Cypermethrin on the Gonad and Hemato-biochemical Parameters of Female Gangetic Mystus (Mystus cavasius) 除虫菊酯农药氯氰菊酯对雌性斑尾田鼠性腺及血液生化指标的影响

Aquaculture Studies Pub Date : 2022-01-31 DOI: 10.4194/aquast819

M. Uddin, Md. Haider Ali, K. Sumon, M. Shahjahan, H. Rashid

{"title":"Effects of Pyrethroid Pesticide Cypermethrin on the Gonad and Hemato-biochemical Parameters of Female Gangetic Mystus (Mystus cavasius)","authors":"M. Uddin, Md. Haider Ali, K. Sumon, M. Shahjahan, H. Rashid","doi":"10.4194/aquast819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/aquast819","url":null,"abstract":"A 90-day experiment was conducted to study the effect of sub-lethal concentration of cypermethrin exposure on mortality, Gonadosomatic index (GSI), ovarian cell development and hemato-biochemical parameters of Gangetic mystus (Mystus cavasius). According to previous findings of LC50 value (30µg/L) of cypermethrin the experiment was carried out using four sub-lethal concentrations as treatment (0.0, 4.0, 8.0, and 16.0µg/L). The whole water was exchanged in every 4th day and pesticide was mixed accordingly. For collection of gonad and blood, fish were sampled at 30, 60 and 90 days after starting of pesticide exposure. There were no significant changes on GSI. Several histopathological changes were observed in ovary. Wrinkle oocyte, cytoplasmic clumping, atretic follicle, degenerated granulose layer, degenerated oocyte wall, increased inter follicular space, adhesion, cyst, necrosis were found in the ovary of M. cavasius with increasing cypermethrin concentration and exposure time. Blood glucose level and WBCs were significantly increased whereas blood hemoglobin and RBCs were significantly decreased in exposure groups compared to control groups over the three sampling days. The current findings revealed that cypermethrin had negative impact on the hemato-biochemical parameters and female gonad of M. cavasius. So the use of cypermethrin in agriculture should be done with a great caution.","PeriodicalId":36343,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44625947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Feed Digestion, Growth and Disease Prevalence in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Cultured at Different Water Exchange Rates in a Recirculating Aquaculture System 循环养殖系统中不同换水率下尼罗罗非鱼的饲料消化、生长和患病率

Aquaculture Studies Pub Date : 2022-01-14 DOI: 10.4194/aquast565

K. A. Obirikorang, Emmanuel Nkwantabisa Opoku, B. Gyampoh

{"title":"Feed Digestion, Growth and Disease Prevalence in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Cultured at Different Water Exchange Rates in a Recirculating Aquaculture System","authors":"K. A. Obirikorang, Emmanuel Nkwantabisa Opoku, B. Gyampoh","doi":"10.4194/aquast565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/aquast565","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of culture water and the rate of water flow within a culture system can affect fish growth and health. In this study, the effects of different water flow rates on digestion efficiency, growth and welfare of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (Initial weight: 25.75±0.47 g) were investigated. Fish (15 per tank) were randomly stocked into twelve 150 L thermoplastic tanks of a recirculating aquaculture system and subjected in quadruplicate groups to water flow rates of 50 Lh-1 (Low exchange; \u0000LE), 100 Lh-1 (Medium exchange; ME) and 150 Lh-1 (High exchange; HE) for 72 days. Water quality parameters including total ammonia nitrogen, nitrate and alkalinity, dry matter, protein and lipid digestibilities, somatic growth and some welfare indicators including haematology and disease prevelance were monitored. There were no significant differences in growth among the treatments. Higher prevalence of cataract, fin erosion, oral and dermal lesions were observed in the LE and ME treatments indicating compromised welfare. There were no statistical differences among the treatments in terms of nutrient digestibility. This study has shown that culturing Nile tilapia under moderately high water flow rates of at least 100% tank water replacement per hour in RAS ensures good growth and feed utilization.","PeriodicalId":36343,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45038248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Extensive Review on the Use of Feed Additives Against Fish Diseases and Improvement of Health Status of Fish in Turkish Aquaculture Sector 土耳其水产养殖部门使用饲料添加剂防治鱼类疾病和改善鱼类健康状况的广泛综述

Aquaculture Studies Pub Date : 2022-01-07 DOI: 10.4194/aquast710

Sevdan Yılmaz, Sebahattin Ergün, M. Yiğit, E. Yılmaz

{"title":"An Extensive Review on the Use of Feed Additives Against Fish Diseases and Improvement of Health Status of Fish in Turkish Aquaculture Sector","authors":"Sevdan Yılmaz, Sebahattin Ergün, M. Yiğit, E. Yılmaz","doi":"10.4194/aquast710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/aquast710","url":null,"abstract":"Aquaculture is the second-fastest-growing sector in the world after informatics and its. \u0000Average growth of aquaculture is annually ~8.8% over the last 30 years. Turkey has great potential in terms of fish production and the number of fish farms started to increase rapidly. Fish production in intensive culture conditions has enlarged possible threats of contagious disease outbreaks due to high stocking densities, water quality or environmental gradient, etc., as well as the combination of all these factors together. Depending on animal husbandry situations and organizational conditions, gradation of the aquatic surroundings and outbreaks of bacteriological diseases may well cause production losses around 30-40% in aquaculture facilities. Some fish diseases reported most repeatedly in Turkish aquaculture facilities are Vibriosis, Furunculosis, Streptococcosis, Lactococcosis, Aeromonas septicemia, Yersiniosis, Photobacteriosis and Flavobacteriosis. Antibiotics, disinfectants and chemotherapeutics used for the prevention and treatment of diseases result in residual antibiotics and chemicals in fish products, microorganisms resistant to antibiotics and damages to the aquatic environment and human health. This situation has led researchers to use alternative feed additives in fish diets such as medicinal plant, herbal extracts, phytochemicals, plant secondary metabolites, immunostimulants and probiotics. This review includes research conducted in Turkey between the years 2001 and 2020, and aims to summarize the findings regarding the use of medicinal plant, herbal extracts, phytochemicals, plant secondary metabolites and immunostimulants in fish feed to prevent and treat diseases, improve immunity, increase disease resistance, and reduce stress in fish towards a better management and best aquaculture practice for the sustainability of the growing aquaculture industry in the region and worldwide.","PeriodicalId":36343,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49380367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Influences of Dietary Supplementation of Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis on Growth-Related Genes Expression and Antioxidant Enzymes in Oreochromis niloticus Fish Exposed to Heavy Metals 日粮中添加小球藻和钝顶螺旋藻对重金属环境下尼罗罗非鱼生长相关基因表达和抗氧化酶的影响

Aquaculture Studies Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.4194/aquast793

H. A. Saleh, H. Gaber, Hanaa Mahmoud Mohamed El- Khayat, Asmaa Abdel-Motleb, W. A. Mohammed, Hend Okasha

{"title":"Influences of Dietary Supplementation of Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis on Growth-Related Genes Expression and Antioxidant Enzymes in Oreochromis niloticus Fish Exposed to Heavy Metals","authors":"H. A. Saleh, H. Gaber, Hanaa Mahmoud Mohamed El- Khayat, Asmaa Abdel-Motleb, W. A. Mohammed, Hend Okasha","doi":"10.4194/aquast793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/aquast793","url":null,"abstract":"Fish is a good indicator for monitoring of heavy metals risks. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis dietary supplementation on Oreochromis niloticus growth under normal conditions. Additionally, evaluation of their effects on the growth performance, growth-related genes expression and antioxidant enzymes of O. niloticus exposed to a mixture of heavy metals. The results showed that the highest growth performance of O. niloticus was recorded in the groups supplemented with 10 and 15% of S. platensis compared to C. vulgaris and control groups. The expression of ghrelin, leptin and insulin-like growth factor genes (IGF-1) were improved in fish that fed on 10% and 15% of S. platensis more than C. vulgaris against the toxic impact of heavy metals. 15% of C. vulgaris improved the activity of catalase (CAT), while the activity of superoxide dismutases (SOD) was improved at 10% of both C. vulgaris and S. platensis. C. vulgaris and S. platensis increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity compared to the normality. Our results concluded that S. platensis can effectively provide a protection in terms of growth-related genes expression in O. niloticus. Further, both C. vulgaris and S. platensis modulated heavy metals-induced oxidative stress.","PeriodicalId":36343,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41313202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Performance of Different Biomaterials as Carbon Sources on the Immunological Response and Oxidative Status of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus in Biofloc Systems 不同碳源材料对非洲鲶鱼免疫反应和氧化状态的影响

Aquaculture Studies Pub Date : 2021-11-22 DOI: 10.4194/aquast800

O. Popoola, Oyelade Ayomide Miracle

{"title":"Performance of Different Biomaterials as Carbon Sources on the Immunological Response and Oxidative Status of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus in Biofloc Systems","authors":"O. Popoola, Oyelade Ayomide Miracle","doi":"10.4194/aquast800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/aquast800","url":null,"abstract":"A trial was performed to investigate how carbon sources can affect the welfare status of African catfish (3.8±0.2g and 8±0.11 cm) juveniles in biofloc systems. Inocula was prepared in glass tanks (5L) by adding 20g of pond bottom soil in well aerated water (1L) containing 10mg L-1 ammonium sulphate (NH)4SO4 and 400mg L-1 of four different carbon sources (tapioca, wheat offal, brewery and cassava peel) for 24 hours. Each treatment group (carbon sources and control) were replicated and each tank contained 1000 Clarias gariepinus juvenile, fed with commercial feed (Crude protein 42%) at 5% of their body weight 72 days. The water quality showed that all water parameters remained at concentrations suitable for Clarias gariepinus culture in the studied systems. The enzymes activities were noticed to be different across the biofloc and the selected organs. There were significant differences in serological content in fish between the treatment’s groups (P<0.05). The significant difference was found between the treatments in case of enzymes activity (P<0.05). The study shows that the welfare status with reference to digestive enzymes activity, oxidative status and extent of the immune system stimulation in BFT system is carbon source dependent.","PeriodicalId":36343,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42164064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Culture Possibilities of Certain Brackishwater Species at Freshwater: A Climate Change Adaptation Strategy for Salinity Intrusion Prone Areas of Indian Sundarban Delta 某些腕鱼物种在淡水中的养殖可能性：印度孙德尔班三角洲盐度入侵易发地区的气候变化适应策略

Aquaculture Studies Pub Date : 2021-10-21 DOI: 10.4194/aquast657

S. Dubey, R. Trivedi, B. K. Chand

{"title":"Culture Possibilities of Certain Brackishwater Species at Freshwater: A Climate Change Adaptation Strategy for Salinity Intrusion Prone Areas of Indian Sundarban Delta","authors":"S. Dubey, R. Trivedi, B. K. Chand","doi":"10.4194/aquast657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/aquast657","url":null,"abstract":"Salinity intrusion into coastal mainland or freshwater habitat because of recent climatic changes is exacerbating production risks and challenging the coping capacity of freshwater fish farmers of Sundarban coastal delta in India. Hence, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the survival and growth performance of certain commercially important brackish water species in freshwater, and subsequent low salinities (5 g l−1 and 10 g l−1). Species like Scatophagus argus, Chelon parsia, Terapon jarbua, Etroplus suratensis, and Penaeus monodon showed the highest specific growth rate (SGR) at 10 g l-1 salinity. However, the growth rates were not differed significantly (P>0.05) compared to freshwater. Chelon planiceps and Mystus gulio exhibited the highest SGR at 5 g l-1 salinity, although growth rates of the fish were not differed significantly (P>0.05) with freshwater treatments. Comparable survival and growth of all species in the freshwater condition indicated their ability of healthy acclimation at freshwater ponds. Therefore, these euryhaline fish species can be promoted in the Indian Sundarban for culture in freshwater ponds as climate-resilient adaptation strategies. This study could be useful in decision making during species and farm site selection which eventually will minimize the risks from total crop loss during saltwater inundation.","PeriodicalId":36343,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48164061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1