Aerospace SystemsPub Date : 2024-01-12DOI: 10.1007/s42401-023-00269-8
Ye Chen, Shufan Wu, Xiaoliang Wang, Di Zhang, Jun Jia, Quan Li
{"title":"Finite-time error convergent trajectory generation with field-of-view and angle constraints","authors":"Ye Chen, Shufan Wu, Xiaoliang Wang, Di Zhang, Jun Jia, Quan Li","doi":"10.1007/s42401-023-00269-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42401-023-00269-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A homing guidance law combined with terminal angle constraint and seeker’s field-of-view limit is proposed in this paper for hitting a stationary target. The proposed guidance scheme is composed of proportional navigation guidance and a continuous feedback term with respect to a newly defined angle error. Considering that many existing methods use switching logic strategy to address the specific constraint which will generate discontinuous acceleration command, the proposed scheme overcomes the limitation by not using switching logic. Furthermore, the finite-time convergence of angle error before interception is guaranteed via a Lyapunov-like approach, a shaping function is also designed to lengthen the range at which the error becomes zero. Numerical simulations demonstrate the characteristics and advantages of the proposed guidance law.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36309,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Systems","volume":"7 2","pages":"293 - 304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139532160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aerospace SystemsPub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.1007/s42401-023-00253-2
Roman Trifonov, Kirill Shelkov, Sergey Perepechaev, Andrey Boykov
{"title":"Determining the applicability limits of different accuracy models when analyzing the loads on the landing gear during landing","authors":"Roman Trifonov, Kirill Shelkov, Sergey Perepechaev, Andrey Boykov","doi":"10.1007/s42401-023-00253-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42401-023-00253-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, the limits of models different accuracy applicability in the simulation of aircraft rough landing on a runway was analyzed. Three models were considered: a detailed global model, an elastic beam model that takes into account stiffness and mass-inertial characteristics, and an absolutely rigid beam model that takes into account only mass-inertial characteristics. The reduction of the detailed model to the beam ones was carried out according to the beam theory. As a result, the forces acting to the main landing gear were obtained for various combinations of vertical and horizontal speeds, pitch and roll angles. The errors of the beam models relative to the detailed one were obtained and the limits of their applicability were given.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36309,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Systems","volume":"7 3","pages":"617 - 627"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139382616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aerospace SystemsPub Date : 2024-01-04DOI: 10.1007/s42401-023-00266-x
Mingxun Wu, Dongjie Jiang
{"title":"Modeling of the stress–strain responses and deformation patterns of superelastic NiTi tubes subjected to biaxial loadings","authors":"Mingxun Wu, Dongjie Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s42401-023-00266-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42401-023-00266-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nearly equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloy exhibits superelasticity, i.e., it can be strained up to ~ 7% and recover completely upon unloading, and consequently, the stress–strain response forms a closed hysteresis. The mechanical behavior of superelastic NiTi is characterized by significant tension–compression asymmetry, which leads to complexity in the stress–strain responses and deformation patterns of thin-walled superelastic NiTi tubes loaded by axial force and internal pressure simultaneously. In the reported biaxial experiments, the NiTi tube exhibits hardening responses and essentially homogeneous deformation in a neighborhood of equibiaxiality. In other cases, its stress–strain responses trace stress plateaus associated with localized deformation patterns, and the level of plateaus, magnitude of transformation strains, and orientation of the localization bands are strongly dependent on the axial-to-hoop stress ratio. In this paper, finite element modeling is performed to analyze numerically the mechanical response of biaxially loaded superelastic NiTi tube. A numerical feedback control scheme is developed to maintain the stress ratio to follow the target value. The simulations reproduce successfully the observed phenomena in the experiments, such as the localization of helical bands, the variation of band angles with stress ratio, as well as the hardening and uniform deformation near the state of equibiaxial stress. In addition, the variation of axial and hoop stress–strain responses with different stress ratios are also studied, which are reasonably close to the experimental ones. The presented work demonstrates the validity of the developed finite element analysis framework and paves the way for analysis of superelastic shape memory alloy structures under multiaxial loading.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36309,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Systems","volume":"7 3","pages":"599 - 615"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139384667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aerospace SystemsPub Date : 2024-01-04DOI: 10.1007/s42401-023-00265-y
Ke Yao, Xingyi Zhang, Xiaoqing Qiang
{"title":"Hybrid optimization of curvature continuous stacking line on the highly loaded diffuser cascade","authors":"Ke Yao, Xingyi Zhang, Xiaoqing Qiang","doi":"10.1007/s42401-023-00265-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42401-023-00265-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The compressor is a critical component of aero-engines. In order to improve the performance, the compressor ratio of single-stage compressor is getting higher and higher, which will lead to high back pressure gradient and losses. To solve this problem, there are many techniques applied, such as cantilevered stator, tip clearance and slotted airfoils. However, traditional design methods are experience-dependent and time-consuming. This paper proposes a hybrid optimization method to optimize the stacking line of compressor cascade and reduce total pressure loss on both design and off-design conditions. The approach employs various surrogate models and a multi-infill strategy, outperforming traditional optimization methods using a single surrogate model and a single infilling strategy. The results show that compared to the original blade, the optimized blade has a 34.6<span>(%)</span> lower mass-averaged total pressure loss at the design point, while the static pressure ratio increases by 2.43<span>(%)</span>. This paper innovatively combines deep learning-based surrogate models, the hybrid optimization algorithm, and the curvature-based blade shaping method to optimize the blade shape, shorten the blade design time, and ultimately reduce the losses significantly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36309,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Systems","volume":"7 3","pages":"585 - 597"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139386247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aerospace SystemsPub Date : 2024-01-04DOI: 10.1007/s42401-023-00267-w
Elena Karpovich, Timur Kombaev, Djahid Gueraiche, Dmitriy Strelets
{"title":"Rocket-based versus solar wing-tail Martian UAVs: design, analysis, and trade studies","authors":"Elena Karpovich, Timur Kombaev, Djahid Gueraiche, Dmitriy Strelets","doi":"10.1007/s42401-023-00267-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42401-023-00267-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, a rocket-based UAV and a solar wing-tail Martian UAV were designed and assessed against a set of criteria established using a house of quality chart. For the design, analysis, trade studies, and optimization, MATLAB and XFLR5 were used. The optimized versions of the two configurations feature the same wing and tail airfoils, the same wing and tail planforms, different dimensions, weight, and performance. Therefore, distinct types of scientific missions are suitable for these aircraft. The results of the study extend our understanding of the capabilities of a Martian fixed-wing airplane in terms of payload mass, hence its scientific value, as well as in terms of its planform geometry and airfoil shapes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36309,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Systems","volume":"7 4","pages":"693 - 707"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139385941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aerospace SystemsPub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.1007/s42401-023-00262-1
Timofey Matyushev, Michael Dvornikov, Irina Maximova, Anastasia Rybina, Andrey Malyshev
{"title":"Theoretical analysis of decompression tolerance based on a simulated depressurisation model of an aircraft’s pressurised cabin","authors":"Timofey Matyushev, Michael Dvornikov, Irina Maximova, Anastasia Rybina, Andrey Malyshev","doi":"10.1007/s42401-023-00262-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42401-023-00262-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The method presented in the article is based on a complex simulation model of gas-dynamic processes that take place in sectioned cabins during depressurization. This model allows the theoretical calculation of decompression parameters (decompression time, cabin pressure, gas leakage from the cabin) depending on flight parameters and design features of the aircraft pressurised cabin (height, cabin volume, defect area, etc.) and determine the interdependence of pressure control parameters in critical operating modes. In computational experiments simulating decompression during depressurisation, the rate of cabin pressure drop as a function of the defect area, residual overpressure, decompression time, values of drops between compartment sections and mass flow rate during pressure changes; safe descent height and other parameters were determined. On the basis of computational experiments, a methodology for assessing the portability of decompression was developed, taking into account different levels of impact tolerance, allowing for a rational choice of hermetic and gas dynamic parameters of the cabin, as well as flight performance characteristics, taking into account the possible decompression of the cabin in flight or, conversely, with the specified parameters of the cabin and flight data at the design stage of the aircraft to assess the degree of danger in case of depressurization and to provide in advance a set of security measures. The transition for decompression safety analysis along the Chadov V. I. curve has advantages since it is applicable for various types of aircraft from spacecraft to aircraft and for various atmospheres with different combinations of pressures and concentrations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36309,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Systems","volume":"7 3","pages":"575 - 584"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139168720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aerospace SystemsPub Date : 2023-12-13DOI: 10.1007/s42401-023-00258-x
Christopher J. Damaren
{"title":"Transition control of the blasius boundary layer using linear robust control theory","authors":"Christopher J. Damaren","doi":"10.1007/s42401-023-00258-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42401-023-00258-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paper considers control system design for linearized three-dimensional perturbations about a nominal laminar boundary layer over a flat plate (the Blasius profile). The objective is prevention of the laminar to turbulent transition using appropriate inputs, outputs, and feedback controllers. They are synthesized with a view to reducing transient energy growth, a known precursor to important transition scenarios. The linearized Navier–Stokes equations are reduced to the Orr–Sommerfeld and Squire equations with wall-normal velocity actuation entering through the boundary conditions on the wall. The sensor output is taken to be the wall-normal derivative of the wall-normal vorticity measured on the plate. Several multivariable output controllers are examined, including simple constant gain output feedback, loop transfer recovery, and <span>(H_{infty })</span> loop shaping. Reduced order compensators are developed using balanced truncation and analyzed for robustness using the gap metric between reduced order models and full order models. It is demonstrated that the level of minimum transient energy growth that can be achieved is similar for these diverse controller methodologies but falls short of that which can be achieved using optimal state feedback.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36309,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Systems","volume":"7 2","pages":"279 - 292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42401-023-00258-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138976884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ku-band tracking, command and ranging antenna design for small satellites communications applications","authors":"Zakarya Kourdi, Mohammed Amin Rabah, Ahmed-Ali Kanoun, Faiza Merad, Youcef Benabdellah","doi":"10.1007/s42401-023-00261-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42401-023-00261-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of this study is to design a Ku-band tracking, command, and ranging (TCR) antenna for small satellite communications applications. The proposed design combines the conical log spiral antenna (CLSA) with the discone antenna, which is an omnidirectional antenna suitable for installation in next-generation small communication satellites. The novelty of this TCR antenna lies in the selection of parameters to enhance its structure. Consequently, the radiating element and feeding system are optimized to reduce the antenna's size. As a result, the proposed antenna achieves a gain exceeding 6 dBi for uplink frequencies in the Ku-band and it reaches up to 7 dBi for the downlink range which is responsive to the system requirement's to achieve mission objectives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36309,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Systems","volume":"7 2","pages":"271 - 277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139007922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robust control design for zero-sum differential games problem based on off-policy reinforcement learning technique","authors":"Hongji Zhuang, Hongxu Zhu, Shufan Wu, Xiaoliang Wang, Zhongcheng Mu, Qiang Shen","doi":"10.1007/s42401-023-00263-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42401-023-00263-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper aims to figure out the robust zero-sum differential game problem using an off-policy reinforcement learning technique. The robust system model is first established based on the nominal one. The control strategy is proposed with the asymptotic stability and optimality being strictly proved. The off-policy reinforcement learning technique is built from the Bellman equation to generate the control policy. A potentially inaccurate system dynamic model’s influence is avoided because the outcome is attained from the system data set obtained. It is the first-time application of the off-policy RL algorithm on this robust two-player zero-sum differential game problem. Additionally, the final algorithm’s convergence is demonstrated, and a simulation example is run to confirm its efficacy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36309,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Systems","volume":"7 2","pages":"261 - 269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139009822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aerospace SystemsPub Date : 2023-12-08DOI: 10.1007/s42401-023-00259-w
Chao Chen, Zhongliang Jing, Han Pan, Xiangming Dun, Jianzhe Huang, Hailei Wu, Shuqing Cao
{"title":"SESPnet: a lightweight network with attention mechanism for spacecraft pose estimation","authors":"Chao Chen, Zhongliang Jing, Han Pan, Xiangming Dun, Jianzhe Huang, Hailei Wu, Shuqing Cao","doi":"10.1007/s42401-023-00259-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42401-023-00259-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Spacecraft pose estimation plays an important role in an increasing number of on-orbit services: rendezvous and docking, formation flights, debris removal, and so on. Current solutions achieve excellent performance at the cost of a huge number of model parameters and are not applicable in space environments where computational resources are limited. In this paper, we present the Squeeze-and-Excitation based Spacecraft Pose Network (SESPNet). Our primary objective is to make a trade-off between minimizing model parameters and preserving performance to be more applicable to edge computing in space environments. Our contributions are primarily manifested in three aspects: first, we adapt the lightweight PeleeNet as the backbone network; second, we incorporate the SE attention mechanism to bolster the network’s feature extraction capabilities; third, we adopt the Smooth L1 loss function for position regression, which significantly enhances the accuracy of position estimation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36309,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"1 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138586647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}