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Crypto Assets in Unit-Linked Life Insurance 单位相连人寿保险中的加密资产
Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6449
Andreas Svoboda
{"title":"Crypto Assets in Unit-Linked Life Insurance","authors":"Andreas Svoboda","doi":"10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6449","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with the question why establishing of cryptocurrencies as a direct asset class in unit-linked life insurance has not been possible so far. Similarly, crypto ETFs have played only a minor role in unit-linked life insurance to date.
 Unit-linked life insurance could benefit from immense return opportunities as well as tax ad-vantages by incorporating crypto assets. However, on the one hand, the cryptocurrency market is hardly regulated worldwide thus far, which runs counter to the current legal requirements for unit linked life insurance. Listed crypto ETFs are still in their infancy, and they have not yet been approved in the European Union.
 It can be assumed that cryptocurrencies will only gain relevance as direct investments of unit-linked life insurance once the legal regulation of this market has been completed. Until then, insurance companies will probably rely to a greater extent on crypto ETFs and crypto ETNs to realize the return opportunities associated with cryptocurrencies.","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135919640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Modeling Duration-Based Costing in Activity-Based Costing Software 作业成本核算软件中基于持续时间成本的建模
Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6454
Anne-Marie Teresa Lelkes
{"title":"Modeling Duration-Based Costing in Activity-Based Costing Software","authors":"Anne-Marie Teresa Lelkes","doi":"10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6454","url":null,"abstract":"Can Duration-Based Costing (DBC) and Modified Duration-Based Costing (MDBC) be modeled into an Activity-Based Costing (ABC) software instead of using Excel? Prior research has used Microsoft Excel to model DBC and MDBC. This study builds on prior research regarding the use of DBC and MDBC (Lelkes, 2009, 2014, 2015, 2017; Lelkes & Deis, 2013; Lelkes & Krueger, 2020, 2021) by demonstrating the integration of DBC and MDBC into an ABC software for illustrative purposes, called MyABCM, which is an ABC software that can be standalone or integrated into SAP, Oracle, and other Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. The case information in this study is adapted from MyABCM training materials and is used to demonstrate how modeling DBC and MDBC appear in MyABCM. MyABCM is used in this study as an example of one of many ways DBC and MDBC can be incorporated into a software that can be integrated into an ERP system. DBC and MDBC can effectively be modeled into any ERP system or standalone ABC software.","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135919896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Financial Risks and Economic Viability of Water and Sanitation Businesses in Rural Cambodia: A Rapid Review 金融风险和经济可行性的水和卫生业务在柬埔寨农村:快速审查
Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6451
Lien Pham
{"title":"Financial Risks and Economic Viability of Water and Sanitation Businesses in Rural Cambodia: A Rapid Review","authors":"Lien Pham","doi":"10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6451","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the findings from a literature review, followed by a survey and focus group discussions with 26 private sector suppliers. The top risks encountered by water services providers were water pricing, lack of management skills, and high investment costs. The most impactful risk factors for their economic viability were water losses, construction delays, and high energy costs. Sanitation services suppliers faced risks of low demand, lack of capital, and household affordability. Limited loan access and household subsidies were risk factors affecting both groups. The paper highlights that financial risks are primarily borne by suppliers serving impoverished households in rural Cambodia, despite the involvement of various stakeholders in the supply chains including donors, government, households, financial institutions, and NGOs. Assessing the financial health and viability of these businesses require consideration of multiple risk factors. The paper offers strategies to address challenges at both the supplier and government levels to ensure financial sustainability of water and sanitation businesses in order to achieve universal water and sanitation access in Cambodia.","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135919643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Profitability and Data-Snooping Tests of Four Technical Trade Strategies for Cryptocurrency Pair BTC/USDT and ETH/USDT in Cryptocurrency Markets During 2022–2023 2022-2023年加密货币市场中BTC/USDT和ETH/USDT四种技术交易策略的盈利能力和数据窥探测试
Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6453
Wei Li, Xinwan Wang, Zigan Wang, Mengxin Yang
{"title":"Profitability and Data-Snooping Tests of Four Technical Trade Strategies for Cryptocurrency Pair BTC/USDT and ETH/USDT in Cryptocurrency Markets During 2022–2023","authors":"Wei Li, Xinwan Wang, Zigan Wang, Mengxin Yang","doi":"10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6453","url":null,"abstract":"We provide a comprehensive investigation into the profitability of technical trading methods applied to the cryptocurrency pairs BTC/USDT and ETH/USDT. By employing rigorous evaluations and incremental examinations, we address the pervasive issue of data-snooping bias that often plagues the evaluation of trading strategies. Our empirical results indicate the lack of profitable technical trading strategies in both the analysis sample and prediction sample periods, even after rigorous adjustments for data snooping. These findings highlight the difficulties associated with selecting profitable technical trading strategies in the dynamic and volatile cryptocurrency market. Market participants, including individual traders, institutional investors, and regulatory bodies, should take note of our findings when making investment decisions based on technical analysis.","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135919746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Female Director, CEO Compensation, and Earnings Smoothing 女性董事、首席执行官薪酬和收入平滑
Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6452
Yudan Zheng
{"title":"Female Director, CEO Compensation, and Earnings Smoothing","authors":"Yudan Zheng","doi":"10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6452","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is the first one in the literature to examine the effect of female directors on earnings smoothing and the potential channels through which such an effect may occur. When the interaction of female directors and CEO incentive compensation is not included, there is no significant overall effect of female directors on earnings smoothing. However, when the interaction term is added, the presence of female directors shows a strengthening effect in significantly increasing the association between incentive compensation and earnings smoothing. Further, the presence of female directors itself appears to play a moderating role in reducing the incidence of earnings smoothing, which conflicts with the effect of female directors through incentive compensation. The conflicting effects exist among both female directors in general and independent female directors. The complex effects of female directors have direct implications for corporate governance policies.","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135919497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Determinants of Efficiency of Commercial Banks in India After Global Crises 全球危机后印度商业银行效率的决定因素
Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6456
K. Ravirajan, K. R. Shanmugam
{"title":"Determinants of Efficiency of Commercial Banks in India After Global Crises","authors":"K. Ravirajan, K. R. Shanmugam","doi":"10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6456","url":null,"abstract":"This study contributes to the bank efficiency literature by estimating the technical efficiency, pure efficiency, and scale efficiency of banks in four different ownership groups in India from 008-09 to 019-20, utilizing the DEA method and three alternative approaches to choosing inputs and outputs of banks-intermediation approach, value-added approach, and operating approach. It also uses the Tobit estimation procedure to identify the factors determining the variations in the technical efficiency of banks. Results indicate a high degree of inefficiency of several banks during the study period, and there is greater scope for improving their performances. Sizable scale inefficiency exists, and banks are likely to lose sizable output. The results also indicate that banks with a larger capital adequacy ratio, young banks, larger banks, or more profitable banks are more efficient. Foreign banks and nationalized banks are more efficient than private domestic banks. We hope that the findings of this study will be useful to international agencies and other stakeholders in evaluating and improving the performance of Indian banks.","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135919637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
World Uncertainty Indices, Financial Markets, and U.S. GDP Growth 世界不确定性指数、金融市场和美国GDP增长
Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6447
Ujjal Chatterjee
{"title":"World Uncertainty Indices, Financial Markets, and U.S. GDP Growth","authors":"Ujjal Chatterjee","doi":"10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33423/jaf.v23i4.6447","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate whether the world uncertainty indices (Ahir et al. 2022) derived from the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) country reports provide superior forecasting ability for U.S. GDP growth in comparison to stock and bond market indicators. Our hypothesis is that if there is a report of uncertainty in the press, equity and bond traders are likely to be aware of it, and the trading data for securities may reflect this uncertainty. We use different indicators, such as corporate bond credit spreads measured from unsecured corporate bond trading data, to forecast U.S. GDP growth. During the 1990-2022 sample period, we find that U.S. stock market returns predict U.S. GDP growth more accurately than the world uncertainty indices. Excluding the Covid-19 period, we find that U.S. corporate bond credit-spreads and stock market returns exhibit superior forecasting performance compared to the world uncertainty indices. These results underscore the significance of financial market indicators in comparison to EIU reports for assessing the future state of the U.S. economy.","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135919900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
ANALISIS KINERJA REKSADANA SAHAM SYARIAH INDONESIA DAN MALAYSIA 印度尼西亚和马来西亚伊斯兰股票共同基金的业绩分析
Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.31942/jafin.v2i2.9579
Muhammad Noor Rois, Silviana Pebruary
{"title":"ANALISIS KINERJA REKSADANA SAHAM SYARIAH INDONESIA DAN MALAYSIA","authors":"Muhammad Noor Rois, Silviana Pebruary","doi":"10.31942/jafin.v2i2.9579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31942/jafin.v2i2.9579","url":null,"abstract":"Reksdana saham syariah adalah salah satu instrument pasar modal yang diminati para investor, khususnya untuk para investor pemula. Investor perlu mengetahui kinerja dari reksdana yang akan dipilih untuk investasi. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah memberikan gambaran para investor terkait kinerja reksadana saham syariah dengan membandingkan kinerja reksadana syariah jenis saham negara Indonesia dan negara Malaysia. Populasi penelitian ini adalah reksadana saham syariah yang ada di Indonesia dan Malaysia pada periode tahun 2018-2020. Data yang digunakan dalam penilitian ini dalah data sekunder. Teknik sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dan diperoleh 15 reksadana saham syariah dari masing-masing negara. Metode analisis penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan kuantitatif. Pengukuran kinerja dengan metode sharpe, treynor, dan jensen. Hasil penelitian menunnjukkan pengukuran kinerja reksadana saham syariah menggunakan metode sharpe tidak terdapat perbedaan antara negara Indonesia dan Malaysia, sedangkan dengan metode treynor dan jensen terdapat perbedaan antara negara Indonesia dan Malaysia. Hasil pengukuran menggunakan metode treynor kinerja reksadana saham syariah Malaysia lebih unggul, sedangkan dengan metode jensen kinerja reksadana saham syariah Indonesia lebih unggul.Keywords : Kinerja Reksadana Saham Syariah, Reksadana","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136242651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PENGARUH INFORMASI AKUNTANSI TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PERUSAHAAN TRANSPORTASI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA 2019-2021 会计信息对印尼证券交易所上市的运输公司股价的影响
Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.31942/jafin.v2i2.9582
Abu Fadholin, Wulan Budi Astuti, Dina Hana Prameswari
{"title":"PENGARUH INFORMASI AKUNTANSI TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PERUSAHAAN TRANSPORTASI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA 2019-2021","authors":"Abu Fadholin, Wulan Budi Astuti, Dina Hana Prameswari","doi":"10.31942/jafin.v2i2.9582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31942/jafin.v2i2.9582","url":null,"abstract":"Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan explanatory yang memiliki tujuan menganalisis bagaimana suatu variabel mempengaruhi variabel lainnya. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan sub sektor transportasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode 2019-2021 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 33 laporan keuangan. Jenis data yang dipergunakan ialah data sekunder dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi dalam bentuk laporan keuangan yang dipublikasikan oleh Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2019-2021. Uji F yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel independen secara simultan bersama-sama memiliki pengaruh terhadap variabel dependen. Namun secara parsial hanya variabel ROA, Size, OPM yang mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel Harga Saham Perusahaan. Sedangkan variabel Struktur Modal dan CR tidak mempunyai pengaruh terhadap variabel Harga Saham Perusahaan. Berdasarkan Uji Adjusted R Square, kemampuan menjelaskan model ini sebesar 65% dan yang lain dijelaskan variabel lainnya. Keywords : Return on Asset, Struktur Modal, Size, Current Ratio, Operating Profit Margin, Harga Saham Perusahaan","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136242653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PENGARUH TANGGUNG JAWAB PEKERJAAN, EMOSIONAL, SPIRITUAL AUDITOR, DUE PROFESSIONAL CARE PADA KUALITAS HASIL AUDIT 对工作责任、情感责任、精神审计人员、对审计结果质量的专业关怀的影响
Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance Pub Date : 2023-08-29 DOI: 10.31942/jafin.v2i2.9433
Rifda Isna Mildana, Jilma Dewi Ayu Ningtyas
{"title":"PENGARUH TANGGUNG JAWAB PEKERJAAN, EMOSIONAL, SPIRITUAL AUDITOR, DUE PROFESSIONAL CARE PADA KUALITAS HASIL AUDIT","authors":"Rifda Isna Mildana, Jilma Dewi Ayu Ningtyas","doi":"10.31942/jafin.v2i2.9433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31942/jafin.v2i2.9433","url":null,"abstract":"Auditor merupakan profesi yang dibutuhkan bagi banyak orang sebab menyampaikan sebuah informasi yang relevan pada setiap laporan yang diberikan. Pihak luar perusahaan juga dapat memberikan pengaruh apabila kualitas dalam pekerjaan auditor dapat dilakukan dengan baik dan konsisten. Untuk mengurangi kemungkinan terjadinya pelanggaran atau penyimpangan dalam suatu proses pengauditan tujuan peneitian ini adalah mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh tanggung jawab pekerjaan, Emosional, Spiritual Auditor, due professional care pada kualitas hasil audt. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Kuantitatif dengan bantuan SPSS untuk analisis data. Jenis data primer dari hasil penyebaran kuesioner pada KAP wilayah semarang dengan sampel yang didapat ada 50 auditor dari 10 kantor akuntan publik. Hasil yang ditemukan bahwa Akuntabilitas Auditor, Kecerdasan Emosional auditor, Kecerdasan Spiritual auditor tidak mempengaruhi kualitas hasil audit dan variable Due Professional Care memberikan dampak postif pada kualitas hasil auditKata kunci: Tanggung Jawab Pekerjaan, Emosional, Spiritual, Due Professional Care, Kualitas hasil Audit","PeriodicalId":36300,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136349821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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