JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting最新文献

{"title":"Mindfulness-Based Psychoeducation App to Improve the Well-Being of Parents and Caregivers of Children With Autism: Development and Usability Study.","authors":"Karen K Y Ma, Sandra S M Chan, Elisabeth W Y Wong, Olivia Choi, Flora Y M Mo, Caroline K S Shea, Carol S W Ho, Patrick W L Leung, Suzanne H W So, Susan M Bögels, Florrie F Y Ng, Steven W H Chau, Kelly Y C Lai, Gabriel P C Fung, Oscar W H Wong","doi":"10.2196/84224","DOIUrl":"10.2196/84224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) not only affects a person's social communication and behaviors, but also has an impact on their parents, who encounter different challenges during caregiving. Interventions developed for parents of children with ASD often focus on improving child outcomes and seldom consider the well-being of parents and families. Interventions leveraging mindfulness-based approaches have been developed to support parents of children with ASD, but the costs, inflexibility, and scarcity of resources may limit their accessibility. App-based interventions can be an accessible, scalable, and economical way of providing interventions at a primary health care level.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to develop an evidence-based digital intervention that complements existing, overloaded psychiatric services, to provide mindfulness-based psychoeducation for parents of children with ASD to improve their mental well-being.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The app development process follows the systematic approach of intervention mapping. Needs assessment was first conducted through semistructured qualitative interviews with health care professionals. Performance and change objectives were specified; theory-based and practical application methods were selected, followed by the design of the curriculum for a structured intervention. A pilot waitlist randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the app with parents of children with ASD recruited from a tertiary child psychiatric service in Hong Kong.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The resulting intervention, the TRIP app, is a 6-week structured intervention consisting of 6 sessions per week (each session lasting 15-20 minutes), covering topics on ASD parenting skills and mindfulness practices. The six weekly themes include (1) cultivating curiosity in parenting, (2) mindfulness of the breath and body, (3) management of core and associated features of ASD, (4) managing conflicts and setting boundaries, (5) perspective taking, and (6) cultivating self-compassion. The curriculum was designed to target the determinants of parental stress, including parents' knowledge, skills, emotions, and attitudes. App content and features were designed to incorporate behavioral change techniques, social cognitive theory, and elaboration likelihood model, to enhance efficacy and promote long-term usage. The app was found to be feasible and acceptable in the pilot randomized controlled trial (n=40), with greater long-term usage among parents of children on the waiting list who were yet to receive diagnostic assessment and clinical management, when compared with parents of children who have already been receiving clinical care.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The TRIP app was developed based on knowledge and expertise across psychiatry, public health, behavioral science, and implementat","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"9 ","pages":"e84224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13235980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer-Mentored Social Media Groups for Youth Vaping Cessation: Single-Arm Pilot Trial.","authors":"Joanne Chen Lyu, Justin S White, Kaira Shlipak, Aliyyat Afolabi, Pamela M Ling","doi":"10.2196/46283","DOIUrl":"10.2196/46283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Using social media to deliver e-cigarette cessation interventions to young people is a promising approach, but low participant engagement and retention may undermine intervention efficacy. Peer mentoring holds great potential to address these issues.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to understand the feasibility and acceptability of integrating peer mentoring into a social media-based intervention to help young people quit e-cigarette use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a single-arm pilot trial with 24 e-cigarette users (aged 16-21 years). Participants were assigned to 1 of 2 Instagram groups, where they received an existing vaping cessation intervention, Quit the Hit (QTH), in which a trained counselor posted 1 to 3 evidence-based vaping cessation messages on weekdays over 5 weeks. As an adjunct to QTH, each group included 2 peer mentors of similar age as participants who had successfully quit vaping. The mentors provided social support and shared their quitting experiences. Participants completed a baseline survey and a follow-up survey at the end of the intervention (week 5) and were invited to participate in postintervention focus groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants' mean age was 18.6 (SD 1.2) years, and 58.3% (14/24) were male. Most (20/24, 83.3%) identified as straight/heterosexual, 29.2% (7/24) identified as non-Hispanic White, and 45.8% (11/24) were high school students. On average, participants vaped e-cigarettes 5.1 (SD 1.7) days per week, and 33.3% (8/24) reported daily vaping. All participants (24/24, 100%) had made at least one quit attempt in the past year. Nearly all participants (23/24, 95.8%) engaged in the group by either posting or liking others' comments at least once. Mean program engagement was 28.8 (SD 27.3) posts or likes over the 5 weeks. The study retention rate was 91.7% (22/24) at week 5. Using an intent-to-treat approach, 66.7% (16/24) of participants were abstinent (7-day point prevalence abstinence) at week 5. On a 5-point Likert scale, participants rated peer mentoring as highly useful (mean 4.6, SD 0.3) and reported high levels of satisfaction (mean 4.7, SD 0.3). All participants who completed the follow-up survey said they would recommend the program to others. Focus group findings supported these results, highlighting positive feedback on both the quality and usefulness of peer mentoring and the peer-mentored version of the QTH program. Suggestions for future improvements were also discussed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Integrating peer mentoring into social media-based e-cigarette cessation interventions for young people is feasible and acceptable. Participants engaged in the intervention and demonstrated strong retention. They rated both the peer mentoring and the overall program highly. Self-reported abstinence at 5 weeks was high. Larger trials are warranted to evaluate the efficacy of the peer-mentored intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"9 ","pages":"e46283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13200802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148017861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Perceptions, and Practices Regarding Pediatric Tuberculosis: Cross-Sectional Study Among Guardians and Health Care Providers in Kabondo Dianda Health Zone, Democratic Republic of the Congo.","authors":"Jeanine Diur Yav, Armand Mutwadi, Albert Kalonji, Fiston Ilunga Mbayo, Pacifique Kanku Wa Ilunga, Pascal Geri Madragule, John Ditekemena Dinanga","doi":"10.2196/86657","DOIUrl":"10.2196/86657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading infectious causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with children representing a particularly vulnerable group. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, pediatric TB continues to be underdiagnosed and underreported, particularly in rural health zones such as Kabondo Dianda.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the knowledge, perceptions, and practices of guardians and health care providers regarding pediatric TB in Kabondo Dianda health zone by using the knowledge, attitude, and practice framework.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 5 diagnostic and treatment centers between January 2020 and December 2022. Guardians of children diagnosed with TB (163/163, 100%) were recruited exhaustively through facility registers and community health workers, while health care providers (27/27, 100%) were included through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire adapted from national and World Health Organization guidelines. The instrument was pretested with 15 guardians and 5 health care providers in a neighboring health zone to ensure clarity, cultural appropriateness, and reliability; internal consistency was confirmed with Cronbach α (α=0.82). Composite scores were calculated for knowledge, perceptions, and practices. Descriptive statistics and chi-square and Fisher exact tests were applied, with significance set at P<.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Guardians demonstrated partial biomedical knowledge: cough was widely recognized as a symptom (123/163, 75.5%); however, misconceptions persisted, with 29% (47/163) attributing TB to supernatural causes and 52% (85/163) believing domestic animals were vectors. Preventive knowledge was limited, with only 26.4% (43/163) mentioning the Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination. Care seeking was often delayed, with 38.7% (63/163) consulting only after treatment failure and 25.8% (42/163) after symptom worsening. Health care providers showed higher knowledge scores but limited diagnostic engagement: only 18.5% (5/27) reported routine use of GeneXpert, and 3.7% (6/163) of pediatric cases received HIV screening. Misconceptions were significantly associated with lower knowledge scores among guardians (P=.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pediatric TB underreporting in Kabondo Dianda reflects both systemic and behavioral determinants. Applying the knowledge, attitude, and practice framework highlights how cultural beliefs, limited preventive knowledge, and weak diagnostic engagement interact to hinder early detection and management. Strengthening community education, training health care providers on latent TB and HIV coinfection, and improving diagnostic infrastructure are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality among children in rural Democratic Republic of the Congo.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"9 ","pages":"e86657"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13231106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147976081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amplifying the Voices of Parents From Underserved Communities in Digital Health for Children With Medical Complexity: Interview Study Among Parents.","authors":"Farah Elkourdi, Onur Asan","doi":"10.2196/82317","DOIUrl":"10.2196/82317","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Children with medical complexity experience multiple chronic conditions that demand intensive, ongoing, and highly coordinated care, often placing a burden on their parents, who serve as primary caregivers. Digital health offers a promising solution for enhancing care coordination, monitoring, and communication. However, its effectiveness depends on it being developed as a user-centered solution that incorporates feedback from parents, who are the primary decision-makers and advocates in their children's health care. By prioritizing the voices of parents, especially those from underserved communities, during the design and implementation of digital health solutions, these tools can more effectively meet their unique needs. This ensures that digital health solutions are effective in real-world caregiving scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This qualitative study explored the experiences of family caregivers of children with medical complexity, with a focus on parents from underserved communities, shedding light on the challenges they face and opportunities for future digital health innovations. Underserved communities in this study are defined as families experiencing structural barriers to accessing specialized care for children with medical complexity, often necessitating additional support from nonprofit or community-based organizations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted semistructured interviews with 19 parents of children with medical complexity from underserved communities. All interviews were conducted over Zoom and were audio recorded. We conducted an inductive, reflexive thematic analysis using an iterative codebook to support analytic transparency.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The children in this study had a variety of chronic conditions, each experiencing at least 3 chronic, long-lasting medical conditions. An inductive thematic analysis revealed two broader key themes: (1) virtual care and (2) consumer mobile health (mHealth) apps. The \"virtual care\" theme focused on the use of remote health care services and communication with health care providers, highlighting parents' challenges and needs for enhancing virtual care. The \"consumer mHealth apps\" theme identified needs and challenges in the care management of children with medical complexity that could be addressed through consumer mHealth apps.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This study highlights several insights into the digital health needs of children with medical complexity and their family caregivers. Parents identified a clear and urgent need for telehealth features tailored to better support the unique needs of care for children with medical complexity. Despite the growing adoption of consumer mHealth apps, caregivers reported ongoing challenges, underscoring the necessity for user-centered solutions that are specifically designed with their needs in mind. Future research and development should focus on integrating u","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"9 ","pages":"e82317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13227322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148144887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of a Real-Time Virtual Rounding Queue on Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Rounding Practices: A Survey of Clinicians' Perceptions.","authors":"Elizabeth S Jarret, Alexis Quade, Johannah M Scheurer, Michael B Pitt, John Sartori, Scott Lunos, Tamara Kasal, Rubina F Rizvi","doi":"10.2196/78547","DOIUrl":"10.2196/78547","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While family-centered rounds (FCR) are considered the standard of care, coordinating the presence of all stakeholders without knowing when the medical team will arrive makes achieving this difficult. To address this barrier, we created a novel software, Q-rounds, that is integrated into the electronic health record and creates a real-time rounding queue that updates nurses and family members on provider rounding time and allows families to join in person or remotely via phone. A previous observational study showed that the implementation of Q-rounds in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) led to increased nurse and family presence.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this subsequent study, we aimed to understand clinicians' perceptions of the use of Q-rounds on NICU rounding practices, such as the impact on rounding efficiency and clinician satisfaction, as well as facilitators and barriers in its implementation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Q-rounds was implemented in the M Health Fairview Masonic Children's Hospital NICU in May 2023. In this survey study, surveys were distributed to providers and nurses six weeks before implementation and six weeks after, to collect data on the impact of Q-rounds on FCR. Data was analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 118 respondents in the pre-implementation phase and 110 in the post-implementation phase. After implementation of Q-rounds, clinicians perceived an increase in nurse presence (\"most of the time\" 46% to 75%; P value<.001) and family presence (\"at least sometimes\" 46% to 97%; P value<.001) on rounds. Respondents perceived rounds as more efficient (53% to 75%; P value 0.006) and more indicated being satisfied with rounds (46% to 74%; P value 0.003). There was no perceived difference in rounding duration. These findings were supported by thematic analysis of open-ended responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A novel virtual rounding queue software that notifies families and nurses of when to expect the rounding team is associated with increased clinician perception of efficiency, participation in rounds by nurses and families, and increased satisfaction with rounds.</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrial: </strong>Na.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147960516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usability and Acceptability of a Digital Health App to Support Infant Feeding and Lifestyle Behaviors: Mixed Methods Pilot Study.","authors":"Madhumitha Ayyappan, Nowel Tan, Sarithra Jayasekaran, Chee Wai Ku, Chengsi Ong, Chua Mei Chien, Jerry Kok Yen Chan, Fabian Yap, See Ling Loy, Daniel Chan","doi":"10.2196/86139","DOIUrl":"10.2196/86139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood obesity is a global health concern with long-term cardiometabolic and psychosocial consequences. Establishing healthy feeding and lifestyle behaviors from infancy is critical to population health efforts with a life course perspective. Recently, digital health applications have gained traction in reaching out to parents and promoting healthy feeding behaviors.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the usability and acceptability of the Feeding, Lifestyle, Activity Goals app in providing parents with evidence-based guidance and tailored advice to promote healthier eating behaviors and lifestyle habits among infants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a mixed methods pilot study among parents of infants aged 0 to 24 months recruited from a tertiary maternity and children's hospital in Singapore. Participants used the digital health app for 7 days. Usability was assessed using the validated System Usability Scale (score range 0-100, with ≥70 indicating acceptable usability). Acceptability was explored via open-ended questionnaires on satisfaction, relevance, and user experience, with qualitative data analyzed thematically by 2 independent coders to ensure rigor.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 26 parents of infants aged 3 weeks to 23 months completed the study. The app demonstrated good usability, with a mean System Usability Scale score of 71.3 (SD 11.0). Parents valued its role in organizing infant care; promoting self-reflection on parenting practices; and providing personalized, evidence-based recommendations. These benefits were particularly appreciated by first-time parents and those with multiple caregiving responsibilities. Challenges included an unintuitive user interface, high manual data entry burden, and advisory content that was occasionally overly general or text heavy. These insights highlight clear priorities for onward efforts in optimization.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results of our mixed methods evaluation indicate that our digital health app demonstrated good usability and acceptability among parents of infants. Targeted refinements to the interface, data entry processes, and content delivery are warranted before large-scale evaluation to determine its impact on early-life health behaviors and obesity prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"9 ","pages":"e86139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13160257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147876038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Electronic Health Record-based Intervention to Facilitate Primary Care Referrals to WIC: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Kimberly Montez, Melissa C Kay, Alysha J Taxter, Kristina H Lewis","doi":"10.2196/87608","DOIUrl":"10.2196/87608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite benefits of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), many eligible children remain unenrolled.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated responses to an electronic health record (EHR)-embedded federal nutrition program (FNP) participation screening and WIC referral tool implemented within eight clinics during <5-year-well visits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Structured EHR data from July 2020-October 2023 were extracted to summarize screening, referral acceptance, and WIC enrollment outcomes and patient demographics. Multivariable logistic regression examined patient-level predictors of WIC non-enrollment at first screening, referral acceptance, and enrollment among those accepting a referral, with stratified analyses by clinic type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 5,385 children, mean age at initial screening was 10.7 months (SD 14.2), 52% newborn-aged, 37% Hispanic, and 88% Medicaid-insured. Among screened patients (n=3,606), 34% were not enrolled in WIC at first screening (n=1,235). Medicaid coverage, academic clinic setting, and non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic race and ethnicity were associated with lower odds of WIC non-enrollment. Among those not enrolled with a documented response to referral (n=819), 59% accepted (n=488); acceptance was higher among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic patients, newborn-aged patients, those with Medicaid coverage, and those seen in academic clinics. Among referral acceptors with follow-up (n=438), 61% were enrolled at last screening (n=265), with higher odds among newborn-aged patients and those in academic clinics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An EHR-based automated intervention can facilitate screening and referral to WIC. WIC participation at first screening, referral acceptance, and enrollment after referral varied by sociodemographic characteristics, suggesting opportunities to improve equitable access through health system-based approaches.</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrial: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Caregiver Comfort With Linking the Health Care System and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC).","authors":"K Alexander Soltany, Kristina H Lewis, Beatriz Ospino-Sanchez, Angelina Pack, Kimberly Montez","doi":"10.2196/89731","DOIUrl":"10.2196/89731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Unlabelled: </strong>This study assessed families' comfort levels with information-sharing between health care providers and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) using a survey-based approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"9 ","pages":"e89731"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13148585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental Health in Pediatric Patients With Different Types of Mucopolysaccharidosis: Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Mengxing Wang, Rong Liu, Tian Xia, Ying Wang","doi":"10.2196/87430","DOIUrl":"10.2196/87430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) appear to have an increased risk of developing dental disease.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the status of dental caries and dental anomalies among Chinese patients with different types of MPS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed a consecutive cohort of 102 pediatric patients with MPS who visited the Department of Stomatology at the Capital Center for Children's Health between August 2010 and August 2025. Eligible patients were defined as those with a confirmed diagnosis of MPS who were aged ≤14 years at the time of their dental visit and had complete dental examination records available. Dental caries and anomalies were assessed through clinical records and radiographic data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dental caries were observed in 55.9% (57/102) of patients, and no statistically significant difference was observed across the MPS subtypes (P=.72). Deep dentinal caries (d4-6mft) were observed in 40.2% (41/102) of the participants and contributed most to the total decayed, missing, and filled teeth index score. The overall prevalence of dental anomalies was 32.4% (33/102), with a statistically significant difference among MPS subtypes (P=.005). Patients with MPS type IV had a significantly higher risk of dental anomalies compared to those with MPS type II (odds ratio 6.32, 95% CI 1.55-28.28; P=.01), after adjusting for age and gender.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of dental anomalies differed significantly across MPS subtypes, while that of dental caries did not. These findings emphasize the need for early, targeted preventive care and tailored dental interventions to improve oral health outcomes in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"9 ","pages":"e87430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13138408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual, Augmented, Mixed, and Immersive Technologies for Prenatal and Childbirth Education: Scoping Review.","authors":"Susanna Pardini, Olga Navarro Martínez, Oscar Mayora Ibarra","doi":"10.2196/83621","DOIUrl":"10.2196/83621","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Virtual, augmented, mixed, and other immersive technologies, collectively referred to as extended reality (XR), are increasingly used to enhance experiential learning in health education. By creating interactive 3-dimensional or 360° environments, these technologies allow expectant parents to engage in realistic prenatal and childbirth scenarios, promoting emotional preparedness, knowledge acquisition, and confidence. Although XR has been widely studied in clinical training, its application in prenatal and childbirth education for parents remains less systematically explored.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This scoping review aims to map and synthesize the current evidence on the use of virtual, augmented, mixed, and immersive technologies in prenatal and childbirth education, highlighting their educational benefits, methodological approaches, and implementation challenges.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A comprehensive search was conducted across Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, CINAHL, IEEE Xplore, APA PsycINFO, and APA PsycArticles from inception to October 16, 2025. Search terms included \"virtual reality,\" \"augmented reality,\" \"mixed reality,\" \"extended reality,\" and \"immersive technology,\" combined with prenatal and childbirth education descriptors. Studies were included if they applied immersive or XR technologies to deliver prenatal or childbirth education for expectant parents. Screening and data extraction were performed independently by 2 reviewers following PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. The review was registered on Open Science Framework (OSF).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;From 1861 records, 11 studies from 8 countries were included, spanning randomized controlled, quasi-experimental, feasibility, and qualitative designs. Interventions comprised head-mounted display-based virtual reality, 360° video, and mixed reality simulations. Outcomes covered psychological, physiological, educational, and experiential domains. Most studies reported feasibility and high engagement, with encouraging signals for reduced anxiety and improved birth preparedness and, in some cases, reductions in pain and intrapartum indicators. No serious adverse events were reported; nausea and discomfort were infrequent and transient. Thematic analysis identified 5 recurring themes: enhanced birth preparedness, realism and presence as a key mechanism, usability barriers and the need for guided facilitation, motivational and educational potential, and limited partner inclusion. Methodological quality was heterogeneous, with small samples, nonstandardized measures, and short follow-up.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Evidence for XR in prenatal education is promising yet preliminary. Rigorous multicenter studies with standardized outcomes, longer follow-up, and greater partner involvement, alongside attention to equitable access and digit","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"9 ","pages":"e83621"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13133985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}