JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting最新文献

{"title":"Likelihood of Leveraging Augmented Reality Technology to Promote HIV Prevention and Treatment Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Cameroon: Cross-Sectional Survey.","authors":"Zhao Ni, Intan Maharani Sulistyawati Batubara, Jackson Jr Nforbewing Ndenkeh, Georges Bediang, Habakkuk Yumo, Xuehong Zhang, Sunyong Oh, Yuchen Zhao, LaRon E Nelson","doi":"10.2196/69471","DOIUrl":"10.2196/69471","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Intro: </strong>Adolescent girls and young women in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) represent 4 out of every 5 newly diagnosed HIV cases among adolescent girls and young women globally. Leveraging augmented reality (AR) technology for HIV prevention and treatment holds significant potential among young people. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding the acceptance of AR by adolescent girls and young women in SSA.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the likelihood of adolescent girls and young women in Cameroon using AR for HIV testing, prevention, and treatment. The study findings will lay the groundwork for developing AR-based interventions to prevent and treat HIV in Cameroon and beyond.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional survey conducted in Yaounde, Cameroon, in which 637 adolescent girls and young women were recruited using a combination of multistage cluster and snowball sampling techniques. We used an electronic survey to collect data on participants' knowledge, prior use of AR technology, and likelihood of using AR technology for HIV prevention and treatment, and associated factors. Multivariate ordinal regressions were used to analyze the factors associated with the likelihood of adolescent girls and young women using AR to prevent HIV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study showed that 84% (536/637) of adolescent girls and young women had never heard of AR before this study, and only 8% (49/637) had prior experience using AR. Participants' median age was 22 (IQR 21-24) years, with the majority (362/637, 56.8%) aged between 21 and 25 years. Despite the low usage rate of AR among participants, there was a high likelihood of using AR to promote HIV prevention and treatment. Specifically, 72% (459/637) of participants reported that they were likely to use AR to visualize the HIV transmission process, while 73% (465/637) and 74% (471/637) reported the likelihood of using AR to learn about pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and how HIV medication lowers HIV viral load, respectively. More importantly, 54% (342/637) and 50% (319/637) of participants reported that they were extremely likely to use AR to learn the correct way of using condom and self-testing for HIV, respectively. The high likelihood of using AR to prevent and treat HIV was associated with a higher education level (P=.01), having ever tested for HIV (P=.03), and a history of previously using health apps or searching for health information on their phones (P<.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The likelihood of using AR technology to promote HIV prevention and treatment is high among adolescent girls and young women in Cameroon. Future research should focus on exploring the preferred features of AR-based digital health interventions and consider methods of implementing them in the context of Cameroon or SSA.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"8 ","pages":"e69471"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144046570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Augmenting Parenting Programs With the Pause Mobile App: Mixed Methods Evaluation.","authors":"Nathan Hodson, Peter Ivor Woods, Stephanie Donohoe, Juan Luque Solano, James Gardner, Manuel Giardino, Michael Sobolev, Domenico Giacco","doi":"10.2196/68807","DOIUrl":"10.2196/68807","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Parenting programs are the recommended treatment for common mental health problems of childhood such as conduct disorder. In the United Kingdom, local authorities have responsibility for providing or commissioning these programs through face-to-face and video call weekly groups and e-learning style asynchronous offerings. However, there has been a shortage of research into the potential of digital resources to augment and enhance parenting groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This pilot study aimed to explore whether providing digital microinterventions in a mobile app (Pause) to augment parenting programs is a feasible strategy. Pause fits into parenting programs and prompts and supports parents to use each week's new parenting skill at home. Specifically, we want to understand (1) whether parents use Pause, (2) what type of features or tools in Pause are most frequently used for support, and (3) what are the perceived strengths and weaknesses of Pause.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Pause was provided to parents attending 3 of the most common parenting programs delivered across 3 local authorities in the United Kingdom. During weekly sessions, parents were supported to add \"tools\" in the app, which mapped onto the training in their session, for example, distracting their child, setting age-appropriate consequences, and using praise. Preprogram surveys were obtained at the first session. After programs were completed, postprogram surveys were administered to measure app use, gather which tools parents used, and explore the strengths and weaknesses of the app. Participants and practitioners were invited for interviews, where the strengths and weaknesses of augmenting parenting programs with Pause were discussed in more detail.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In total, 53 parents were recruited from groups. A total of 25 of 53 (47%) parents completed postsurveys distributed at their final parenting group session, in keeping with typical rates of attrition in parenting programs. In addition, 7 parents and 3 practitioners agreed to interviews after the program. Most of the parents (23/25, 92%) had used Pause. Other than the journal, used by 17 parents, the most popular tools were the relax tool and praise tool, each used by 10 parents. Survey data revealed specific strengths and weaknesses of the tools in Pause, particularly highlighting that parents wanted Pause to provide more ideas for distraction or relaxation activities. Interviews revealed the challenges parents attending programs face, the range of family members using Pause, and the diverse settings where it was used. Interviews also revealed specific opportunities for improving the user interface and for addressing challenges in the journaling function.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This pilot study found good acceptability and engagement with Pause. Interviews revealed promising evidence, suggesting that Pause may improve family life and aid chil","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"8 ","pages":"e68807"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12079061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144001397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence of Interventions for the Prevention of Unintentional Injuries: Scoping Review.","authors":"Sheela Shetty, Baby S Nayak, Anice George, Avinash Shetty, Vasudeva Guddattu","doi":"10.2196/67877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/67877","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Unintentional injuries are the leading cause of death and disability among young children. Preventive strategies for unintentional injuries are mainly based on surveillance data and identifying risk factors.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to review and synthesize published literature that determined the effectiveness of interventions for preventing unintentional injuries among children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The methodological framework was supported by The Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer's Manual - Methodology for JBI Scoping Reviews as well as the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. The inclusion criteria to include the studies in the review were unintentional injuries in children, interventions to prevent injuries, a brief description of the intervention and the outcome of the intervention, and articles published in a peer-reviewed journal and written in the English language.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 21 articles were included in the review following the systematic search of key databases such as Web of Science, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and gray literature for studies published between July 2013 and May 2023. Of the 21 articles, 16 were randomized controlled trials, 4 were nonrandomized controlled trials, and 1 was a mixed method study. The findings of the review showed that interventions, either as a single measure (video-based teaching, testimonial story-based teaching, health education, storybook reading) or in combination (knowledge quiz and simulation test, module-based teaching along with personal counseling, and teaching with the help of video and poster), have shown a considerable decline in the number and severity of injuries. The studies included various target populations, including children and adolescents between 0 and 19 years old.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The review results indicate the need to plan, implement, and reinforce preventive measures and techniques to reduce unintentional injuries among children. They can also serve as a useful indicator for policymakers.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"8 ","pages":"e67877"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144002095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing Digital Mental Health Tools With Culturally Diverse Parents and Young People: Qualitative User-Centered Design Study.","authors":"Isobel Butorac, Roisin McNaney, Joshua Paolo Seguin, Patrick Olivier, Jaimie C Northam, Lucy A Tully, Talia Carl, Adrian Carter","doi":"10.2196/65163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/65163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Approximately 39% of young people (aged 16-24 y) experience mental ill health, but only 23% seek professional help. Early intervention is essential for reducing the impacts of mental illness, but young people, particularly those from culturally diverse communities, report experiencing shame and stigma, which can deter them from engaging with face-to-face services. Digital mental health (DMH) tools promise to increase access, but there is a lack of literature exploring the suitability of DMH tools for culturally diverse populations.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The project was conducted in partnership with a large-scale national DMH organization that promotes evidence-based early intervention, treatment, and support of mental health in young people and their families. The organization wanted to develop a self-directed web-based platform for parents and young people that integrates psychological assessments and intervention pathways via a web-based \"check-in\" tool. Our project explored the views of culturally diverse parents and young people on the opportunities and barriers to engagement with a web-based DMH screening tool.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a 2-phase qualitative study aiming to identify potential issues faced by culturally diverse communities when engaging with DMH tools designed for the Australian public. We worked with 18 culturally diverse participants (parents: n=8, 44%; young people: n=10, 56%) in a series of design-led workshops drawing on methods from speculative design and user experience to understand the opportunities and barriers that organizations might face when implementing population-level DMH tools with culturally diverse communities. NVivo was used to conduct thematic analyses of the audio-recorded and transcribed workshop data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five themes were constructed from the workshops: (1) trust in the use and application of a DMH tool, (2) data management and sharing, (3) sociocultural influences on mental health, (4) generational differences in mental health and digital literacy, and (5) stigma and culturally based discrimination in mental health support.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The emergent themes have important considerations for researchers wishing to develop more inclusive DMH tools. The study found that healthy parent-child relationships will increase engagement in mental health support for young persons from culturally diverse backgrounds. Barriers to engagement with DMH tools included culturally based discrimination, the influence of culture on mental health support, and the potential impact of a diagnostic label on help seeking. The study's findings suggest a need for culturally safe psychoeducation for culturally diverse end users that fosters self-determination with tailored resources. They also highlight important key challenges when working with culturally diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"8 ","pages":"e65163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12056437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144002067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Web-Based Single-Session Growth Mindset Interventions for Reducing Adolescent Anxiety: Four-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Shimin Zhu, Yuxi Hu, Di Qi, Samson Tse, Ko Ling Chan, Jessica Sun, Paul Lee","doi":"10.2196/63500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/63500","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Anxiety disorders are the most common mental health conditions worldwide, yet 65% of those affected do not access services. The high prevalence of anxiety and the low rate of intervention uptake highlight the urgent need to develop timely, scalable, and effective interventions suitable for adolescents. This study adapted existing single-session interventions (SSIs) to further develop an SSI focused on a growth mindset regarding negative emotions for adolescent mental health.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The study aims to compare the effectiveness of 4 SSIs, SSI of a growth mindset for anxiety (SIGMA), SIGMA with boosters (SIGMA-Booster), SSI of a growth mindset of personality (SSIGP), and an active control group (support therapy [ST]), in reducing adolescent anxiety.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Classes from each secondary school were randomized to 1 of 4 intervention conditions: SIGMA, SIGMA-Booster, SSIGP, or ST. Each intervention took approximately 45 minutes online. Participants reported on anxiety symptoms (primary outcome), depressive symptoms, suicidal/self-harming thoughts, perceived control, hopelessness, attitude toward help-seeking, and psychological well-being (secondary outcomes) at preintervention, 2-week follow-up, and 8-week follow-up. Participants also completed a feedback scale postintervention. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine the effectiveness of the SSIs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 731 adolescents from 7 secondary schools were randomized. The intent-to-treat analysis found a significant decrease in anxiety symptoms. The mean and 95% CI at baseline were 6.8 (6.0-7.6) for SIGMA-Booster, 6.5 (5.8-7.3) for SIGMA, 7.0 (6.2-7.7) for SSIGP, and 6.9 (6.1-7.7) for ST. At the 2-week follow-up, the mean and 95% CI were 5.9 (5.1-6.7) for SIGMA-Booster, 5.7 (4.9-6.5) for SIGMA, 5.4 (4.6-6.2) for SSIGP, and 5.7 (4.9-6.4) for ST. At the 8-week follow-up, the mean and 95% CI were 5.9 (5.1-6.7) for SIGMA-Booster, 5.3 (4.5-6.0) for SIGMA, 5.6 (4.8-6.4) for SSIGP, and 5.8 (5.1-6.6) for ST. These reductions were observed across all 4 groups. Moderation analysis found that participants with higher motivation for change, higher baseline anxiety scores, and fixed mindsets showed greater improvements in anxiety symptoms. Most participants (459/731, 62.8%) viewed the feasibility and acceptability of the SSIs positively.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The SSI for all 4 groups was effective in reducing anxiety and depression among adolescents over 8 weeks. Our data suggest the potential benefits of brief web-based interventions for adolescents, which could serve as scalable, destigmatized, and cost-effective alternatives to school-based programs. The intervention effects may have been underestimated, as this study did not exclude adolescents with minimal or no anxiety symptoms. Future studies should focus on the specific effects of interventions for adolescents with varyi","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"8 ","pages":"e63500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12048788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adapting Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Adolescents in Iraq via Mobile Apps: Qualitative Study of Usability and Outcomes.","authors":"Radhwan Hussein Ibrahim, Marghoob Hussein Yaas, Mariwan Qadir Hamarash, Salwa Hazim Al-Mukhtar, Mohammed Faris Abdulghani, Osama Al Mushhadany","doi":"10.2196/67137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/67137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental health challenges, including anxiety and depression, are increasingly common among adolescents. Mobile health (mHealth) apps offer a promising way to deliver accessible cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) interventions. However, research on the usability and effectiveness of apps explicitly tailored for adolescents is limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the usability, engagement, and perceived effectiveness of a mobile CBT app designed for adolescents, focusing on user experiences and mental health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative study was conducted with 40 adolescents aged 13-19 years (mean age 15.8, SD 1.9 years; 18/40, 45% male; 22/40, 55% female) who engaged with a CBT app for 4 weeks. Mental health diagnoses included anxiety (20/40, 50%), depression (15/40, 38%), and both (5/40, 13%). Of these, 10 (25%) of the 40 participants had previous CBT experience. Feedback was gathered through focus groups and individual interviews, and thematic analysis identified key themes related to usability, engagement, and perceived effectiveness. Quantitative data on mood and anxiety scores were analyzed with paired t tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean usability score was 3.8 (SD 0.6), and the mean effectiveness score was 3.9 (SD 0.7). Older participants (aged 16-19 years) reported significantly higher usability (mean 4.1, SD 0.4) and effectiveness scores (mean 4.3, SD 0.5) compared to younger participants (aged 13-15 years) (P=.03). Females had higher usability (mean 4, SD 0.6) and effectiveness scores (mean 4.2, SD 0.7) than males (mean 3.6, SD 0.7, and mean 3.5, SD 0.8, respectively; P=.03). Participants with prior CBT experience had 2.8 times higher odds of reporting high usability scores (95% CI 1.6-5; P=.002) and 3.1 times higher odds of reporting high effectiveness scores (95% CI 1.7-5.6; P=.001). Usability challenges included complex navigation (20/40, 50%), interface design issues (12/40, 30%), and content overload (8/40, 20%). Factors positively influencing engagement were motivation driven by personal relevance (20/40, 50%) and gamification features (10/40, 25%), while lack of personalization (14/40, 35%) and external distractions (18/40, 45%) were significant barriers. Mood improvement (15/40, 38%) and learning new coping skills (12/40, 30%) were the most reported outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The mobile CBT app shows potential for improving adolescent mental health, with initial improvements in mood and anxiety. Future app iterations should prioritize simplifying navigation, adding personalization features, and enhancing technical stability to support long-term engagement.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"8 ","pages":"e67137"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12039940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extended Reality (XR) in Pediatric Acute and Chronic Pain: Systematic Review and Evidence Gap Map.","authors":"Courtney W Hess, Brittany N Rosenbloom, Giulia Mesaroli, Cristal Lopez, Nhat Ngo, Estreya Cohen, Carley Ouellette, Jeffrey I Gold, Deirdre Logan, Laura E Simons, Jennifer N Stinson","doi":"10.2196/63854","DOIUrl":"10.2196/63854","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The use of extended reality (XR), including virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), for treating pain has accelerated in the last 10 years. XR is an attractive biobehavioral intervention that may support management of pain or pain-related disability. Reviews of the literature pertaining to adults report promising results, particularly for acute procedural pain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to (1) summarize the available evidence with respect to feasibility, safety, and effectiveness (pain intensity) of XR for pediatric acute and chronic pain; (2) summarize assessment tools used to measure study outcomes; and (3) identify gaps in evidence to guide future research efforts.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study is a systematic review of the literature. Multiple databases (CINAHL, Cochrane Central, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO) were searched from inception until March 2023. Titles, abstracts, and full-text articles were reviewed by 2 team members to determine eligibility. Articles were included if the (1) participants were aged 0 to 18 years; (2) study intervention was VR or AR; (3) study outcomes included safety, feasibility, acceptability, or effectiveness on the outcome of pain; and (4) study design was observational or interventional. Data were collected on bibliographic information; study characteristics; XR characteristics; outcome domains; outcome measures; and study findings pertaining to safety, feasibility, and effectiveness.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;We included 90 articles in the review. All included studies used VR, and 93% (84/90) studied VR in the context of acute pain. Of the 90 studies, 74 studies were randomized trials, and 15 studies were observational. Safety was assessed in 23 studies of acute pain, with 13 studies reporting no adverse events and 10 studies reporting events of low concern. Feasibility was assessed in 27 studies. Of the 84 studies of acute pain, 62% (52/84) reported a positive effect on pain intensity, 21% (18/84) reported no effect, and 13% (11/84) reported mixed effects. All 6 studies of chronic pain reported a positive effect on pain intensity. An evidence gap map was used to illuminate gaps in specific research areas stratified by subtypes of pain. Risk of bias assessment revealed 67 studies had a moderate risk of bias, 17 studies had a high risk, and 5 studies were deemed to be low risk.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The current body of literature around XR for pediatric pain is focused on acute pain with promising results of safety and effectiveness on pain intensity. The literature pertaining to chronic pain lags behind, limiting our ability to draw conclusions. The risk of bias in studies is problematic in this field, with the inherent challenge of blinding participants and researchers to the intervention. Future research should aim to measure effectiveness beyond pain intensity with a consistent approach to measuring key outcome ","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"8 ","pages":"e63854"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12012403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multilevel Factors and Indicators of Atypical Neurodevelopment During Early Infancy in Japan: Prospective, Longitudinal, Observational Study.","authors":"Daigo Kato, Akiko Okuno, Tetsuo Ishikawa, Shoji Itakura, Shinji Oguchi, Yoshiyuki Kasahara, Kenji Kanenishi, Yuzo Kitadai, Yoshitaka Kimura, Naoki Shimojo, Kazushige Nakahara, Akiko Hanai, Hiromichi Hamada, Haruta Mogami, Seiichi Morokuma, Kazuhiro Sakurada, Yukuo Konishi, Eiryo Kawakami","doi":"10.2196/58337","DOIUrl":"10.2196/58337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The early identification of developmental concerns requires understanding individual differences that may represent early signs of neurodevelopmental conditions. However, few studies have longitudinally examined how child and maternal factors interact to shape these early developmental characteristics.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aim to identify factors from the perinatal to infant periods associated with early developmental characteristics that may precede formal diagnoses and propose a method for evaluating individual differences in neurodevelopmental trajectories.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective longitudinal observational study of 147 mother-child pairs was conducted from gestation to 12 months post partum. Assessments included prenatal questionnaires and blood collection, cord blood at delivery, and postpartum questionnaires at 1, 6, and 12 months. The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) was used to evaluate developmental characteristics that might indicate early signs of atypical neurodevelopment. Polychoric or polyserial correlation coefficients assessed relationships between M-CHAT scores and longitudinal variables. L2-regularized logistic regression and Shapley Additive Explanations predicted M-CHAT scores and determined feature contributions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one factors (4 prenatal, 3 at birth, and 14 postnatal) showed significant associations with M-CHAT scores (adjusted P values<.05). The predictive accuracy for M-CHAT scores demonstrated reasonable predictive accuracy (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve=0.79). Key predictors included infant sleep status after 6 months (nighttime sleep duration, bedtime, and difficulties falling asleep), maternal Kessler Psychological Distress Scale scores, and Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale scores after late gestation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Maternal psychological distress, mother-infant bonding, and infant sleep patterns were identified as significant predictors of early developmental characteristics that may indicate emerging developmental concerns. This study advances our understanding of early developmental assessment by providing a novel approach to identifying and evaluating early indicators of atypical neurodevelopment.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"8 ","pages":"e58337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11990654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives of Adolescents and Young Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease on a Biopsychosocial Transition Intervention: Qualitative Interview Study.","authors":"Brooke Allemang, Ashleigh Miatello, Mira Browne, Melanie Barwick, Pranshu Maini, Joshua Eszczuk, Chetan Pandit, Tandeep Sadhra, Laura Forhan, Natasha Bollegala, Nancy Fu, Kate Lee, Emily Dekker, Irina Nistor, Sara Ahola Kohut, Laurie Keefer, Anne Marie Griffiths, Thomas D Walters, Samantha Micsinszki, David R Mack, Sally Lawrence, Karen I Kroeker, Jacqueline de Guzman, Aalia Tausif, Claudia Tersigni, Samantha J Anthony, Eric I Benchimol","doi":"10.2196/64618","DOIUrl":"10.2196/64618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The transition from pediatric to adult health care marks a complex and pivotal process for adolescents and young adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This group requires support regarding disease self-management, skill development, and system navigation in preparation for transition. Evidence-based interventions are needed to promote optimal health and psychosocial outcomes for adolescents and young adults with IBD during this period.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>A qualitative study embedded within a randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the perceived impact of a biopsychosocial transition intervention on the transition experiences of adolescents and young adults, their views on the intervention, and recommendations for future care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This patient-oriented research study used a qualitative descriptive design. Virtual semistructured interviews were held with 21 adolescents and young adults with IBD (16-18 y) enrolled in the randomized controlled trial (intervention arm n=11 and control arm n=10). Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using an inductive approach to reflexive thematic analysis. Five members of a Youth Advisory Panel with lived experience of IBD collaborated throughout data analysis, interpretation, and the presentation of findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We constructed three themes through our analysis: (1) making meaning of transitions in care; (2) perceptions and impact of the biopsychosocial transition intervention; and (3) considerations for future transition care, including the importance of individualized support.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings illustrate the importance of relationships and the impact of a biopsychosocial intervention on adolescents' and young adults' confidence, knowledge, and self-management skills during transition. The results, which indicate the criticality of tailoring transition supports according to adolescents' and young adults' preferences and characteristics, will be used to refine the biopsychosocial intervention before it can be scaled and spread.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"8 ","pages":"e64618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a 6-Week Postpartum Text Messaging Program (Essential Coaching for Every Mother) at 6 Months: Follow-Up Study to a Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Justine Dol, Marsha Campbell-Yeo, Megan Aston, Douglas McMillan, Amy K Grant","doi":"10.2196/62841","DOIUrl":"10.2196/62841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Essential Coaching for Every Mother is an SMS text messaging program that positively improved parenting self-efficacy and reduced postpartum anxiety when measured immediately after intervention at 6 weeks postpartum. However, the impact of a short-term postpartum intervention over time is unknown.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to compare parenting self-efficacy, postpartum anxiety symptoms, postpartum depression symptoms, and perceived social support at 6 months postpartum for mothers in the Essential Coaching for Every Mother trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (n=150) were randomized to Essential Coaching for Every Mother or control (usual care). Data were collected on parenting self-efficacy (primary outcome, Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale), postpartum anxiety symptoms (Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale), postpartum depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale), and perceived social support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support) at enrollment and 6-months postpartum. Data were analyzed using analyses of covariance and chi-square analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 139 women completed the primary outcome at 6 months and 136 completed secondary outcomes. At 6 months, there were no statistically significant differences between mothers in the intervention group and mothers in the control group on any of the outcomes. More mothers in the intervention group had higher postpartum anxiety scores (31/68, 45.6%) than mothers in the control group (16/68, 23.5%; P=.007).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>At 6 months postpartum, all mothers had similar scores on parenting self-efficacy, postpartum anxiety symptoms, postpartum depression symptoms, and social support. Thus, Essential Coaching for Every Mother improved parenting self-efficacy and reduced postpartum anxiety at 6 weeks, with all mothers having similar scores at 6 months postpartum.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"8 ","pages":"e62841"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}