Hrana i ishrana最新文献

{"title":"Effects of heat stress on potato productivity and nutritive quality","authors":"I. Momčilović","doi":"10.5937/hraish1902043m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/hraish1902043m","url":null,"abstract":"season with a relatively short production period due to high temperatures [7]. In the last decade, warm summers and frequent heatwaves are not unusual for countries in temperate climate regions which are encountering Abstract Potato, Solanum tuberosum L., is the most important non-grain food crop in the world, and a major vegetable crop in Serbia. It is generally considered a cool-season crop and highly susceptible to high temperatures. Elevated temperatures in the environment affect potato plants’ growth and development by slowing the sprout emergence, reducing the number of stolons, impeding tuber initiation, reducing tuber bulking and interfering the onset of tuber dormancy. Tuberization is optimal at average daily temperatures in the 15-20 °C range and above this range declines, although moderately elevated temperatures of 20-25 °C may enhance potato foliage growth and the net photosynthesis. Besides reducing the number and mass of tubers, high-temperature stress affects the total and marketable yield of potato by causing tuber disorders and altering tuber processing and nutritive quality. The problem of potato heat-susceptibility is gaining more interest in the last decades due to occurring global climate change. The breeders’ efforts have been intensified for selection of new, tolerant potato genotypes, as well as ge-nomics’, proteomics’, and metabolomics’ investigations of potato heat response.","PeriodicalId":362149,"journal":{"name":"Hrana i ishrana","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125848275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Comparison of the antioxidative action of the two N-acetylcystein containing products: Propomucil® and Fluimucil® in a group of smokers who have seasonal coughing problems (2018, vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 33-41)","authors":"Teodora Obradović, Biljana Radišić, Anita Agić, D. Korcok, D. Mirković, V. Spasojević-Kalimanovska, J. Kotur-Stevuljević","doi":"10.5937/hraishra2102033o","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/hraishra2102033o","url":null,"abstract":"At every place in the article word Fluimucil is replaced by NAC (N-acetil-cysteine) as follows: 1. Article titles (English and Serbian version) from the Content, general article title (page 33) and article headers at the pages 33-41. 2. INTRODUCTION - Last sentence in the Introduction section (page 34). 3. MATERIAL AND METHOD - Second sentence in the first paragraph (page 34); Second column, third paragraph (page 34). 4. RESULTS - First column, second paragraph at the page 36; Figure 2 title (page 37); first column, first paragraph (page 37); subtitle (page 37); text second column, second paragraph (page 37); Table 3 header (page 38); first column first paragraph text below the table 3 (page 38); text below the subtitle: second column, second paragraph (page 38); text below Figure 3 (legend, page 38); Table 4 header (page 39). 5. CONCLUSION - page 40. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.","PeriodicalId":362149,"journal":{"name":"Hrana i ishrana","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114412344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiometabolic and antioxidative effects of lyophilized goat whey supplementation","authors":"T. Gojković, J. Kotur-Stevuljević, N. Bogavac-Stanojević, T. Antonić, M. Mihajlović, S. Vujčić, S. Vladimirov, I. Đuričić, S. Šobajić, V. Spasojević-Kalimanovska","doi":"10.5937/hraish1902059g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/hraish1902059g","url":null,"abstract":"Milk and dairy products exhibit a beneficial nutritional and health effects and represent 20% to 30% of global food consumption. Whey proteins have great anabolic and cardioprotective role. Increased concentration of cholesterol contained in high density lipoproteins (HDL), paraoxonase 1 (PON1) higher activity, and diminished relative proportion of small dense low density lipoproteins (sdLDL) reduce cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk. Current longitudinal study enrolled 10 healthy volunteers. All participants consumed lyophilized goat whey (LGW) (Koza Nostra®) for two months (3 g per day). Concentrations of basic biochemical parameters were measured by routine methods. Concentration of oxidative stress status parameters were measured spectrophotometrically. Serum PON1 activity was measured kinetically using paraoxon as a substrate. Lipoproteins subfractions were separated by gradient-gel electrophoresis. A significant decrease in urea concentrations (p<0.05) and trend toward higher albumin concentrations were observed after LGW supplementation. A significant increase in values of prooxidative-antioxidative balance (p<0.05) and PON1 activity (p<0.05), as well as a trend toward lower malondialdehyde concentrations were observed after supplementation. Trends toward higher relative proportion of HDL 3c subclasses and an increase in LDL lipoprotein particle diameter were observed. The findings of the present study have shown that increased protein synthesis, PON1 enzyme activity and shift toward increased HDL 3c relative proportions could indicate that LGW has a positive effect on synthetic liver function and CVD risk reduction. Our findings suggest that LGW may protect against free radicals by stimulating the antioxidant defense mechanisms and promoting a mild prooxidative effect.","PeriodicalId":362149,"journal":{"name":"Hrana i ishrana","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129606703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allicin-rich garlic extract alleviates high-fat diet-induced complications in rats: A nutrigenomic study","authors":"N. Mahajan, Vijay Kumar, Ruchika Maurya, P. Khare, Priyanka Mangal, Rohini Verma, Vibhu Kumar, Jasleen Kaur, Jachak Madhukar, Kondepudi Kiran, M. Bishnoi","doi":"10.5937/hraish2101001m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/hraish2101001m","url":null,"abstract":"The remedial effects of garlic in various metabolic complications have been attributed to a variety of organosulfur compounds such as allicin, diallyl sulfides, alliin and allyl trisulfides. The present study was designed to prepare an aqueous extract of garlic with stable allicin and its biological evaluation on tissue-specific nutrigenomic effects in the prevention of High-fat diet (HFD)-induced weight gain and related complications in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Aqueous Allicin-rich garlic extract (ARGE) was prepared and characterized for stability of allicin using HPLC. For biological evaluation, animals were fed with either normal pellet diet (NPD), HFD, HFD along with ARGE (1ml/kg p.o.) and ARGE per se (1ml/kg p.o.) for 16 weeks. Chronic administration of ARGE prevented HFD-induced weight gain, adipose tissue hypertrophy, insulin resistance and improved overall glucose homeostasis. Transcriptional analysis of different tissues highlighted that ARGE promoted browning, improved glucose metabolism and appetite regulation. Overall, this study presents ARGE as a potential nutraceutical for the prevention of obesity and related comorbidities.","PeriodicalId":362149,"journal":{"name":"Hrana i ishrana","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130528809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary supplements of vitamins and minerals intended for use in children available at the Serbian market","authors":"J. Jovičić-Bata, B. Novaković, M. Grujicic, Aleksandra Vrkatić, Bojana Arsenov","doi":"10.5937/hraish2102021j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/hraish2102021j","url":null,"abstract":"Adequate intake of all nutrients throughout every stage of childhood growth and development is essential. Often, dietary supplements (DS) are used to fill perceived nutrient gaps. DS containing vitamins and minerals are the most frequently used DS among children, but the information on their characteristics is scarce. The aims of this research were to identify vitamin and/or mineral DS for children available at the Serbian market, to assess their characteristics and their compliance with the relevant legislation. DS of vitamins and/or minerals for use in children available at the Serbian market were identified by children-related terms on their labels or by their marketed use. Data on the ingredients, contents and recommended daily dose of the selected DS together with information on health claims, pharmaceutical forms and present excipients were collected from DS labels. Compliance of analyzed DS was checked against the national legislation. The potential of present excipients to cause adverse reactions was assessed. A total of 30 different DS containing vitamins and/or minerals were identified and analyzed. Most were multicomponent (83%). The majority contained vitamins C, D, A, B6, B12, and minerals zinc, iron and iodine. In all, 58 health claims were present on the analyzed DS labels, most (93%) were in compliance with the appropriate national Rulebook. The analyzed DS were in solid (63%) and liquid (34%) pharmaceutical forms. Excipients with a known action/effect were present in 77% of the analyzed DS. The majority of the analyzed DS assessed characteristics were compliant with the national regulations, but this research gave rise to several regulatory issues that need to be investigated further. In the future, food legislators should work on keeping the dietary supplement-related regulations current and more strict in cases in which they pertain to vulnerable subpopulations such as children.","PeriodicalId":362149,"journal":{"name":"Hrana i ishrana","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130577051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutraceuticals in prevention and management of COVID-19","authors":"I. Đuričić, Milica Zrnić-Ćirić, B. Vidović, V. Todorović, Nevena Dabetić, N. Ivanovic","doi":"10.5937/hraish2102007d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/hraish2102007d","url":null,"abstract":"The immune system defends the host from many pathogenic microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, parasites and fungi, including a large number of specific cell types, interrelated molecules, and biological responses. Due to infections, heightened immune system activity is accompanied by expanded metabolic activities, requiring appropriate energy supply, precursors for biosynthesis and regulatory molecules. Numerous vitamins and minerals play a crucial role in supporting body's immunity and fighting against viral infections. Other bioactive compounds like omega-3 fatty acids, probiotics and antioxidants (alpha-lipoic acid, quercetin) are also important in the immune response. COVID-19 may develop mild symptoms to severe damage of the respiratory epithelium followed by a cytokine storm. Many studies show that vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc and selenium are critical in defending against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Intestinal dysbiosis is a feature of many infectious diseases, including COVID-19, so dietary approaches to establishing a healthy microbiota are essential for improving immune function. This paper reviews the data on the roles and potential effectiveness of selected nutraceuticals in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":362149,"journal":{"name":"Hrana i ishrana","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134017434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FADS1 genetic variant rs174547 as a molecular-genetic biomarker for CVD risk: A study from Bulgaria","authors":"Elena Kuzova, T. Georgieva, V. Duleva","doi":"10.5937/hraish2101015k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/hraish2101015k","url":null,"abstract":"The input of molecular genetic biomarkers allows individual assessment of metabolic pathways and the behaviour of the major enzymes responsible for nutrient conversion. This in turn enriches the nutrigenetic information fund, and the panels of well-studied gene variants and their interaction with nutrients can be used to create precise personalized diets. Our objective was to determine the significance of the rs174547 genetic variant in the fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) gene in the metabolism of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids ingested with food and to identify the potential of FADS1 rs174547 as a molecular genetic marker to be included in a panel of nutrigenetic studies in order to prepare a personalized diet plan. A total of 123 volunteers (43 men and 80 women) from Bulgaria, aged 28 to 65 years, were tested for rs174547 in the FADS1 gene. A DNA sample was taken from each volunteer by a non-invasive method (buccal swabs), and the genetic variant of each individual was determined by molecular genetic approaches. Their general health was assessed by taking anthropometric and body impedance measurements data and completing a lifestyle survey. The lipid profile included testing for triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol, and blood sugar. Information on the total food intake was collected through questionnaire methods. The results of the statistical tests show that there is a statistically significant difference between the two genotypes only in HDL cholesterol levels (P = 0.044, at P < 0.05) - carriers of the C/T genotype have lower mean concentration values of HDL-cholesterol (1.27 mmol/l) than for T/T variant carriers (1.48 mmol/l). Among men, there were statistically significant differences in mean levels of total cholesterol (P = 0.012) and HDL cholesterol (P = 0.008) between the two genotypes. Among women, there was a statistically significant difference between the two genotypes only in terms of mean triglyceride levels (P = 0.007). The differences in the other studied indicators do not satisfy the criterion for significance (P < 0.05). The results suggest an effect of the intake of SFA (saturated fatty acids) and MUFA (monounsaturated fatty acids) on the relationship between rs174547 polymorphism and plasma lipids (total and LDL-cholesterol) only in men. Studies of the Bulgarian population prove extremely low intake of omega-3 fatty acids due to low consumption of fish. These findings and the lack of data for Bulgaria on genetic variants of FADS1 are a prerequisite for conducting in-depth studies of both risk groups, such as patients with cardiovascular disease, dyslipidaemia or nutritional deficiency of LC-PUFAs, and in healthy people.","PeriodicalId":362149,"journal":{"name":"Hrana i ishrana","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115472519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for the development of hypertension in medical students of the college of vocational studies in Subotica","authors":"Hajnalka Požar, Laura Jelačik, Nataša Čamprag-Sabo","doi":"10.5937/hraish2201033p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/hraish2201033p","url":null,"abstract":"Arterial hypertension belongs to the group of the most common cardiovascular diseases and represents elevated blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg. A significant risk factor for the development of hypertension is improper diet, lack of physical activity, excess body weight or consumption of alcohol and cigarettes. The aim of this work was to evaluate the level of blood pressure and the risk factors of hypertension present among student population. The research was conducted in the form of a cross-sectional study among students of the College of Vocational Studies in Subotica, during summer semester 2022. The research instrument was a survey questionnaire designed for the needs of this study, as well as a digital \"Microlife\" tensiometer. The SPSS 20 program was used for statistical analysis. 33 students participated in the research, mostly women (91%), average age 26 years. The average systolic arterial blood pressure of the subjects was 118/74 mmHg. In 15% of the subjects, we found elevated systolic blood pressure, and in 18%, elevated diastolic blood pressure. The conducted research revealed the presence of risk factors in daily habits, such as smoking in two thirds of respondents, habits of subsequent salting of food and consumption of sweets, coffee in more than half of respondents. In order to reduce these impacts, it is necessary to carry out health and educational work with the younger population in order to raise awareness about the prevention of hypertension.","PeriodicalId":362149,"journal":{"name":"Hrana i ishrana","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124209839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hormone use in food-animal production: Dietary exposure of consumers and public health significance","authors":"J. Pleadin","doi":"10.5937/hraish1902049p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/hraish1902049p","url":null,"abstract":"Hormones are chemical substances naturally secreted in the body that regulate a wide range of physiological functions. However, during the last decades many cases of their illegal anabolic use in farm animals, aiming to obtain higher yields and profits in livestock production, have been documented. Given that these substances are carried over into body fluids and edible tissues, consumers may experience their impact through daily consumption of different products of animal origin, especially milk, meat and their products. Since many toxic effects of both natural and synthetic hormones have been evidenced, their use as an animal growth promoter is banned by the European Union. Insofar, a unique solution as to how to control the abuse of natural hormones in farm animals has not been found. Further research is needed to determine their natural levels in food in dependence on many factors of influence. Systematic monitoring of hormonal substances at all critical points of food production “from field to table” is necessary, together with continuous development of modern analytical methods in order to prevent hormone abuse and protect consumer health.","PeriodicalId":362149,"journal":{"name":"Hrana i ishrana","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121900370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatty acid profiles and antioxidant properties of raw and dried walnuts","authors":"T. Popović, Jasmina Debeljak-Martačić, Gordana Petrović-Oggiano, M. Glibetić, Milica Kojadinović, M. Takić","doi":"10.5937/hraish1902055p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/hraish1902055p","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Walnuts consumption produces beneficial effects on human health. Health-promoting benefits are dedicated to its desirable fatty acid profile and high content of antioxidants. Heat treatment of walnuts may alter their fatty acid composition and antioxidant capacity. Aim: In general the aim of this work was to compare fatty acids profiles and antioxidative properties of raw and dried walnuts at 60 °C for 12 hours. Methodology and results: FA profiles were analyzed using gas chromatography. Antioxidative capacities of walnut samples were determined by DPPH and ABTS tests. There were no significant differences in fatty acid profiles comparing dried and raw walnuts. The most abundant fatty acid was linoleic with mean content of 61.38 ± 1.11% in raw and 62.40 ± 0.99% in dried walnuts. Walnuts oil contained 10.64 ± 0.46% and 10.49 ± 0.81% of α-linolenic acid (ALA) in raw and dried walnuts, respectively. Antioxidative capacity of methanolic extracts showed no difference comparing raw and dried walnut by DPPH and ABTS test. Heat treatment at 60 °C for 12h induced no change in fatty acid profiles of walnuts and led to minor decrease in antioxidative capacity measured only by ABTS test. Conclusion: We suggest that drying process in our experiment did not decreased nutritional capacity which is mostly mediated by conservation of fatty acids content in walnuts.","PeriodicalId":362149,"journal":{"name":"Hrana i ishrana","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132710398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}