Conscious Cities Anthology 2020: To Shape and Be Shaped最新文献

Design as Communication: Sound-Images and Affordances 作为交流的设计:声音-图像和启示

Conscious Cities Anthology 2020: To Shape and Be Shaped Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.33797/cca20.01.10

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Rosario is Also Its Older Adults 罗萨里奥也是它的老年人

Conscious Cities Anthology 2020: To Shape and Be Shaped Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.33797/cca.01.08

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Barriers and Pleasures of the Urban Space for Children. 儿童城市空间的障碍与乐趣。

Conscious Cities Anthology 2020: To Shape and Be Shaped Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.33797/cca.01.12

引用次数: 1

Letter From the Editor 编辑来信

Conscious Cities Anthology 2020: To Shape and Be Shaped Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.33797/cca20.01.01

H. Chu, Hongfei Guo

{"title":"Letter From the Editor","authors":"H. Chu, Hongfei Guo","doi":"10.33797/cca20.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33797/cca20.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"We congratulate Harbord and others (2007) for identifying the very closely related and sometimes identical relationship between the hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) model (Rutter and Gatsonis, 2001) and the bivariate random-effects meta-analysis (Van Houwelingen and others , 2002; Macaskill, 2004; Reitsma and others , 2005; Chu and Cole, 2006) from a meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy studies. However, the formulas for constructing the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve from the HSROC model presented in equation (5.1) by Harbord and others (2007), in p. 2870 by Rutter and Gatsonis (2001), and in p. 927 by Macaskill (2004) are incorrect and potentially misleading.Tosimplify the discussion, we focus on models without any covariates. Let n i 11 , n i 00 , n i 01 , and n i 10 be the number of true positives, true negatives, false positives, and false negatives and n i 1 · and n i 0 · be the number of diseased and nondiseased patients in the i th diagnostic accuracy studies from a meta-analysis, respectively. Conditional on the number of diseased and nondiseased patients in each study, the bivariate random-effects meta-analysis model assumes the following: n i 00 ∼ Binomial ( n i 0 · , Sp i ) , n i 11 ∼ Binomial ( n i 1 · , Se i ) , logit ( Se i ) = +","PeriodicalId":360705,"journal":{"name":"Conscious Cities Anthology 2020: To Shape and Be Shaped","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125498373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Social Capital in Cities: A Need for Urban Resilience 城市社会资本:对城市韧性的需求

Conscious Cities Anthology 2020: To Shape and Be Shaped Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.33797/cca20.01.09

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Human-Centric Architecture and Urban Design. The case of Green Square Library and Plaza, Sydney. 以人为本的建筑与城市设计。悉尼绿色广场图书馆和广场的案例。

Conscious Cities Anthology 2020: To Shape and Be Shaped Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.33797/cca20.01.04

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Where Are Cities Leading Us To? 城市将把我们带向何方?

Conscious Cities Anthology 2020: To Shape and Be Shaped Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.33797/cca.01.13

E. Kostina, I. Palti

{"title":"Where Are Cities Leading Us To?","authors":"E. Kostina, I. Palti","doi":"10.33797/cca.01.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33797/cca.01.13","url":null,"abstract":"They have unity relative to the posture and behavior of the animal being considered. (7) Gibson uses the example of the ecological niche to further his point about affordances: that they (both affordances and niches) are “an invariant combination of variables.” (8) Gibson’s definition is rooted in the holistic perception of the object, distinguished from all of its components. (9) He also posits that perception is purely visual; that that is enough to determine an affordance (relative to the user). (10) This is problematic because according to contemporary neuroscientific models perception is an interpretative topdown and bottom-up process that recognizes and organizes multisensory information to formulate a mental representation of an environment. (11, 12) In his 1988 book The Design of Everyday Things, Donald Norman famously incorporated the concept of affordances as part of a conceptual design model to help guide the design process. (13)He saw affordances as communicative user guides that were inherent within the object and were understood without “pictures, labels, or instructions.” (14) Usage of directions to explain ‘simple’ things mean the design was a failure. (15) Essentially, this contested Gibson’s understanding of a hegemonic visual perception and reappropriated it to more accurately use the “experiences of the observer” rather than “referencing an observer through an object,” as Gibson did. (16) This made affordances less transactional, as Norman also accounted for socio-cultural constraints of affordances; meaning, affordances could not be called truly subjective as the cultural and thus behavioral and social norms influenced each other cyclically, impacting the ‘common’ affordance perception. This is furthered by the notion of affordances as ‘embodied perception’ and ‘embodied concepts’, as sensorymotor analyses of environment are universal among humans. Yet simultaneously, the evaluation of an affordance remained subjective to the user (within the behavioral and sociocultural sphere). If we utilize a ‘designer only perspective’, we fall prey to disconnecting from our users. Bryan Lawson in, How Designers Think? The Design Process Demystified writes, The primary purpose of a greenhouse is clearly to trap heat from the sun, so we can begin by measuring or calculating the thermal efficiency of a whole range of possible greenhouses. Unfortunately, we are still some way from describing how satisfactory our greenhouse will appear to individual gardeners. They may well also want to know how much it will cost to buy, how long it will last, or how easy it will be to erect and maintain, and probably, what it will look like in the garden. The greenhouse then, must satisfy criteria of solar gain, cost, durability, ease of assembly, appearance and perhaps many others. (17) We could consider the greenhouse as solely a functional entity; to say that it would be ‘successful’ as a design if it just efficiently traps heat, and we could only conside","PeriodicalId":360705,"journal":{"name":"Conscious Cities Anthology 2020: To Shape and Be Shaped","volume":"45 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129558866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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The Early Years in Cities. 城市的早期生活。

Conscious Cities Anthology 2020: To Shape and Be Shaped Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.33797/cca.01.06

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Reshaping Buildings: Dynamically Supportive Investments in Health 重塑建筑:动态支持健康投资

Conscious Cities Anthology 2020: To Shape and Be Shaped Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.33797/cca20.01.02

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Smart Technology vs. Embodied Architecture: Confluence or Divergence? 智能技术与实体架构:融合还是分化?

Conscious Cities Anthology 2020: To Shape and Be Shaped Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.33797/cca.01.11

David A. Navarrete Maciel

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