{"title":"Left ventricular geometry immediately following defibrillation-strength shocks","authors":"Venkat Ramanathan, Bodo Hoffmeister, A. L. Jongh","doi":"10.1109/CIC.2001.977636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIC.2001.977636","url":null,"abstract":"A previous 2D ultrasound study (R.A. Malkin et al., 2001) suggested that there is relaxation of the myocardium after defibrillation. However, that 2D study could not measure activity occurring within the first 33 ms following the shock. Thus, the objective of our study is to determine the left ventricular (LV) geometry during this period. Biphasic defibrillation shocks were delivered to seven dogs. 1D short-axis ultrasound images of the LV cavity were acquired, the boundary of the anterior and posterior endocardial walls was extracted and the distance between them computed from 32 ms before to 32 ms after the shock. The normalized mean pre- and post-shock slopes were 0.2 /spl plusmn/ 2.2 and 3.3 /spl plusmn/ 7.9 %/10 ms, respectively. The post-shock LV diameter slope is positive in the first 32 ms following both successful and unsuccessful defibrillation shocks (p<0.05). Therefore, our results confirm that the bulk of the myocardium is relaxing immediately after a defibrillation shock.","PeriodicalId":359432,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Cardiology 2001. Vol.28 (Cat. No.01CH37287)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132797375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Longobardi, D. Vitale, G. Furgi, G. Santopietro, Q. Bosco, A. Nicolino, C. Picone, F. Rengo
{"title":"Reproducibility of echocardiographic left ventricular function assessment by an automated technique","authors":"G. Longobardi, D. Vitale, G. Furgi, G. Santopietro, Q. Bosco, A. Nicolino, C. Picone, F. Rengo","doi":"10.1109/CIC.2001.977682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIC.2001.977682","url":null,"abstract":"Reliable automatic border detection algorithms are the critical point for an effective routine application of ultrasound left ventricular function (L VF) assessment. Aim of this study was to assess the reproducibility of the LVF parameters obtained using an automated commercially available system (HP SONOS 5500B). The residual error of the regression analysis of two repeated measures of each parameter was computed and compared with the mean differences observed between patients with and without myocardial infarction or clinical evidence of heart failure. The reproducibility ranges from good to inadequate depending on the considered parameter and on the affecting disease form. In particular, indexes of systolic performance have a better reproducibility than diastolic one.","PeriodicalId":359432,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Cardiology 2001. Vol.28 (Cat. No.01CH37287)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115439238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Berent J. B. M. Wolters, C. Slager, F. Gijsen, J. J. Wentze, R. Krams, F.N. van de Vossel
{"title":"On the numerical analysis of coronary artery wall shear stress","authors":"Berent J. B. M. Wolters, C. Slager, F. Gijsen, J. J. Wentze, R. Krams, F.N. van de Vossel","doi":"10.1109/CIC.2001.977618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIC.2001.977618","url":null,"abstract":"A numerical analysis is performed in order to study coronary artery wall shear stress (WSS) and its dependence on (i) unsteadiness of the flow, (ii) motion and deformation of the blood vessel geometry and (iii) the shear thinning properties of blood. A non-stationary geometric model of the right coronary artery is developed from intravascular ultrasound measurements complemented with the 3D reconstructed measurement location and orientation. The velocity distribution in the model is computed by solving the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation of the Navier-Stokes equations using a finite-element method. The averaged WSS pattern corresponding to time-dependent shear thinning flow in the non-stationary model is compared to the pattern corresponding to steady mean Newtonian flow in the rigid end-diastolic model.","PeriodicalId":359432,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Cardiology 2001. Vol.28 (Cat. No.01CH37287)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116687710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Geerts-Ossevoort, P. Bovendeerd, F. Prinzen, T. Arts, K. Nicolay
{"title":"Myofiber orientation in the normal and infarcted heart, assessed with MR-diffusion tensor imaging","authors":"L. Geerts-Ossevoort, P. Bovendeerd, F. Prinzen, T. Arts, K. Nicolay","doi":"10.1109/CIC.2001.977732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIC.2001.977732","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiac fiber orientation is one of the main determinants of fiber stress and strain during ejection. We measured fiber orientation using magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (MR-DTI). Traditional methods to quantify the cardiac fiber field rely on the definition of the coordinate system. We propose to use the entity 'divergence' for characterization of the continuity of the myocardial fiber structure. The divergence is a scalar quantity with a value that is independent of the actual choice of the coordinate system. Moreover, the divergence value of the fiber field expresses the degree of uniformity of stress along the fiber direction. The divergence of the myofiber field appeared to be <0.08 mm/sup -1/ in the mid-wall for all normal hearts. At the insertion sites of the papillary muscles and the anterior RV (right ventricle) fusion site, the divergence of the fiber field is elevated to values above 0.3 mm/sup -1/. In the infarcted hearts, divergence values in the unaffected tissue are similar to the values observed in healthy hearts. In and adjacent to the infarcted region, no significant differences in the divergence values were observed. This indicates that continuity of the fiber structure remains preserved in the presence of a transmural myocardial infarction.","PeriodicalId":359432,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Cardiology 2001. Vol.28 (Cat. No.01CH37287)","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117212325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Rojo-álvarez, F. Atienza, N. Martínez-Alzamora, Á. Arenal-Maíz, J. Pineiro-Ave, Antonio Artés-Rodríguez
{"title":"Deconvolution and causality for 1:1 arrhythmia discrimination in dual chamber defibrillator","authors":"J. Rojo-álvarez, F. Atienza, N. Martínez-Alzamora, Á. Arenal-Maíz, J. Pineiro-Ave, Antonio Artés-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1109/CIC.2001.977644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIC.2001.977644","url":null,"abstract":"Automatic recognition of 1:1 ventricular tachycardia (VT) from supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) in dual chamber implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is still an open issue. A new criterion is proposed, based on the modelling of a causal versus an anti-causal relationship between the atrial and the ventricular ICD stored electrograms (EGM). A cardiac activation model is presented, consisting on (a) a pulsed activation in the atria, (b) two impulse responses modelling the atrial and the ventricular depolarization, and (c) a filter describing the atrio-ventricular (AV) propagation delay. A minimum absolute error algorithm is developed, basing on template generation, deconvolution, stochastic gradient descent and projection onto convex sets. Examples of the algorithm when fitting the model to sinus rhythm (SR), SVT and VT records are employed. The algorithm is shown to be robust in the delay-filter order choice. We propose this method as a promising framework to design low computational burden 1:1 SVT-VT discrimination algorithms.","PeriodicalId":359432,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Cardiology 2001. Vol.28 (Cat. No.01CH37287)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124703428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Heneghan, R. Shouldice, P. Nolan, E. Sheridan, M. O'Malley, P. Nolan, J. Cullen, W. McNicholas
{"title":"Independent autonomic modulation of the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes assessed through RR and PR interval variation","authors":"C. Heneghan, R. Shouldice, P. Nolan, E. Sheridan, M. O'Malley, P. Nolan, J. Cullen, W. McNicholas","doi":"10.1109/CIC.2001.977627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIC.2001.977627","url":null,"abstract":"The degree of coupling between autonomic nervous system influence on the sinoatrial (SA) and atrioventricular (AV) nodes is considered, using RR and PR intervals as indicators of ANS activity. Seventy minute recordings of electrocardiogram and respiratory measurements were made with data recorded in supine, standing, and sitting positions. Indices of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) for RR and PR intervals were calculated for 2-minute sections of deep breathing in both supine and standing positions. RSA indices for RR intervals were consistently higher in the supine position; no consistent pattern was seen for RSA in PR intervals. In addition, multiple regression analysis was carried out relating RR, PP, RP, and PR intervals in the three positions under the assumption of closely coupled ANS influence. The measured data was inconsistent with this assumption. We conclude that some independent ANS modulation occurs at the SA and AV nodes.","PeriodicalId":359432,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Cardiology 2001. Vol.28 (Cat. No.01CH37287)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126713586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Automatic detection of slow-wave-sleep using heart rate variability","authors":"Z. Shinar, A. Baharav, Y. Dagan, S. Akselrod","doi":"10.1109/CIC.2001.977725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIC.2001.977725","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we used heart rate variability parameters to first characterize and then automatically detect slow-wave sleep (SWS). First, a wavelet transform was used to decompose equally sampled R-R interval series into their time-dependent spectral components: very low frequency (VLF) 0.005-0-04Hz, low frequency (LF) 0.04-0.15 Hz, and high frequency (HF) 0.15-0.45Hz. Then, the known decrease in LF power during SWS was confirmed and a linear relation between the average LF/HF balance throughout the night and the balance during SWS was found. Also, similar behaviour was found with the VLF power and the VLF/HF ratio. Finally, a decision algorithm with two criteria was defined using a training set of ECG recordings and applied to a test set. The results amounted to an 80% correct identification of SWS. The limitations of the study, as well as inherent differences between SWS definitions based on EEG and ECG, are discussed.","PeriodicalId":359432,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Cardiology 2001. Vol.28 (Cat. No.01CH37287)","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115111884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Model based signal characterisation for long-term personal monitoring","authors":"M. Paoletti, C. Marchesi","doi":"10.1109/CIC.2001.977680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIC.2001.977680","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a prototype of a portable unit for automatic on-line monitoring and analysis of the ECG, used as a pilot study of a wider, advanced project, whose rational has the following guidelines. According to the largely recognised trend toward the achievement of a tight physician to patient co-operation, this project has been conceived both to alleviate physician from visits due to false alarms and to allow the educated patient to report accurately his symptoms. Such a piece of equipment should perform accurate analysis of on-line signals and generate dependable alarms. It is based on a pocket-size (PC-104) computer, running full Windows95 OS, and three subsystems carried out in our lab (AID converter, LCD with control buttons, smart card for system personalization). This choice has the unique advantage of compatibility with available algorithms and portability of standard applications. Moreover the number of active system channels will be easy to expand or reduce according to patient needs.","PeriodicalId":359432,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Cardiology 2001. Vol.28 (Cat. No.01CH37287)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122412633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Some important R-R interval based paroxysmal atrial fibrillation predictors","authors":"G. Krstačić, D. Garnberger, T. Šmuc, A. Krstačić","doi":"10.1109/CIC.2001.977679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIC.2001.977679","url":null,"abstract":"A trial fibrillation is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia. The result of series of machine learning experiments is detection of some promising paroxysmal atrial fibrillation predictors. Based on ratio of short and long R-R intervals there is a possibility to generate rules for PAF screening and predicting. For PAF screening the calculated ratio were 2.00 for successive R-R intervals. The problem of imminent PAF prediction is much more difficult and the concept of normalisation hail to be implemented. The optimal seems to be ratio between the shortest and the longest R-R interval, which was at least 1.75 times larger than ratio during the normalisation time for the same patient. Also it was detected that maximal distance of the longest and the shortest R-R intervals should be up to six R-R intervals.","PeriodicalId":359432,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Cardiology 2001. Vol.28 (Cat. No.01CH37287)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114384851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prediction of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation by footprint analysis","authors":"A. Yang, H. Yin","doi":"10.1109/CIC.2001.977677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CIC.2001.977677","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a simple algorithm named footprint analysis to predict risk and onset of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) from single channel surface electrocardiogram. The approach is based on hypothesis that subject who has risk of PAF would display a specific pattern in change of heart rate and could be applied as a predictor to identify the risk and onset of PAF. To quantify patterns of heart rate dynamics, the triplet codes (0, 1, 2) is assigned according to difference of adjacent R-R intervals to represent equal, acceleration, and deceleration of successive RR intervals, respectively. A R-R interval series is then continuously weighted by a 7 heartbeats window, which results in a set of 6-bits number. Each number represents a specific pattern of heart rate dynamics. The strategies for both events of competition are to determine which number has higher possibility to be present in PAF patients, and to identify the number that only present before onset of PAF. A set of number determined by the algorithm from learning dataset was then applied as footprint to the testing dataset. Score for event 1 was 33/50 (entry 20010422.030701) and score for event 2 was 38/50 (CinC Challenge 2001 entry 20010423.045638, entrant 2). The successful of this algorithm is to find hidden pattern embedded in the highly dimensional phase space of R-R intervals. We look forward to understanding the link between microscopic variation in R-R intervals and macroscopic physiologic conditions.","PeriodicalId":359432,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Cardiology 2001. Vol.28 (Cat. No.01CH37287)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116841801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}