Irish Journal of Earth Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Irish Jurassic Brachiopods","authors":"M. Simms","doi":"10.1353/ijes.0.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ijes.0.0006","url":null,"abstract":"A survey of brachiopod specimens recovered from the Jurassic of Ireland, and now preserved in the collections of National Museums Northern Ireland (Belfast) and National Museum of Ireland (Dublin), reveals a total of 23 species comprising 12 rhynchonellides, 6 terebratulides, 3 spiriferinides and 2 lingulides. The identity of some taxa remains uncertain, even to generic level, due to difficulties associated with identification from external morphology alone. Most specimens are from the Lower Jurassic, Hettangian to Upper Pliensbachian, of the Lough Neagh-Larne and Foyle-Rathlin basins in Northern Ireland, but the ultimate source of six Upper Pliensbachian species is unclear as they occur only in glacial erratics that may have been transported to north Antrim from the Hebrides Basin of western Scotland. Three species, all rhynchonellides, are recorded from Lower Pliensbachian strata intercepted in a borehole just off the coast of south Dublin. The Irish fauna overall is comparable with that encountered in similar mudstone-dominated facies in Britain, but these records are of interest in providing an extension of their geographic range further west. Small perforations encountered in two examples of Squamirhynchia from the Raricostatum Zone (Upper Sinemurian) may represent the earliest known examples of gastropod predation on Mesozoic brachiopods.","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42850578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery and Recovery of an Exceptional Accumulation of Carboniferous Echinoids at Hook Head, Wexford.","authors":"Nidia Álvarez‐Armada, J. Murray, Sarah Gatley, T. Ciborowski, M. Parkes","doi":"10.1353/ijes.0.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ijes.0.0002","url":null,"abstract":"Geoconservation is a burgeoning area of activity within the Earth sciences and the preservation of significant fossil finds remains crucial for the advancement of palaeontological knowledge and protection of geoheritage. Here, we report on the discovery of an unusually large and remarkably well-preserved cluster of Carboniferous echinoids at Hook Head in County Wexford, Ireland. The fossil accumulation was located in the upper part of the Ballysteen Limestone Formation, which is Tournaisian in age and records sedimentation on a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic shelf/ramp. The fossil record of Paleozoic echinoids is generally poorly sampled; however, the fossil cluster from Hook Head includes at least 250 partially imbricated echinoid specimens in close association and preserves features such as the spines, Aristotle’s lantern and peristomal plates. The fossil-bearing surface was precariously located on a coastal outcrop and at serious risk of being removed by storm activity, prompting an emergency rescue operation. The successful recovery of this important fossil find, which included securing official permission for extraction of the slab and its lodgement with the National Museum of Ireland, represents something of a first for Irish geological conservation.","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66358589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Ordovician Brachiopods From the Portrane Limestone, Ireland, and Their Significance","authors":"A. Wright, D. Harper, L. Cocks","doi":"10.1353/ijes.0.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ijes.0.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Study of the mid-Katian brachiopod fauna of the Portrane Limestone Formation, eastern Ireland, is concluded and reviewed. It is a relatively diverse assemblage, consisting (with some bryozoans, corals, trilobites, and ostracodes) of over 70 species, although with few endemic to the Portrane Limestone. However, the seven strophomenoid, one rhynchonelloid, and three atrypoid brachiopods newly revised here are less diverse than the previously described orthoids and other brachiopods from the Portrane Limestone Formation, and markedly less diverse than in comparable contemporary Katian carbonate beds in England, Wales, and Sweden.","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66358486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magmatic Layering and Magnetic Fabrics in the Palaeogene Carlingford Later Gabbros, Co. Louth, Ireland","authors":"B. O’Driscoll","doi":"10.1353/ijes.2006.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ijes.2006.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:A detailed magnetic fabric study of the annular partially layered Palaeogene Carlingford 'Later Gabbros', Co. Louth, is combined with field observations to constrain existing emplacement models for the intrusion. The Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) fabrics are generally quite inconsistently oriented. Only in three of seven traverses of the intrusion is consistency in orientation observed, suggesting that little can be drawn from the data by way of interpretation. However, the traverse in the north of the intrusion, at Ballinteskin, corresponds to an area of considerable syn-magmatic deformation of layering. Magnetic fabrics in this area exhibit consistently oriented inward dipping and inward plunging magnetic foliations and lineations respectively. Comparison of this data with a recent AMS study of the Great Eucrite of Ardnamurchan, NW Scotland, suggests that though central subsidence may have occurred in the Later Gabbros too, it was not as important as in Ardnamurchan. This is supported to some degree by the presence of a shallowly dipping (∼20°) intrusive contact between the Later Gabbros and an extensive granophyre intrusion, which also suggests that the granophyre is the older intrusion. This conclusion is inconsistent with previous interpretations of the granophyre as the youngest intrusion in the Carlingford igneous centre.","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"37 - 50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45362621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence for and reconstruction of a Nahanagan Stade glacier at Croloughan Lough, Derryveagh Mountains, Co. Donegal","authors":"P. Wilson","doi":"10.1353/ijes.2019.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ijes.2019.0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Some characteristics of a large arcuate ridge of granite boulders at Croloughan Lough, Derryveagh Mountains, Co. Donegal, and the adjacent terrain are outlined, and possible origins for the ridge are discussed. The ridge does not conform to generally accepted criteria for classification as a protalus rampart or protalus rock glacier. Certain characteristics suggest the ridge may be a product of rock-slope failure, but others do not support this hypothesis. Several lines of evidence point towards a glacial origin, and it is inferred that the ridge is the end moraine of a small glacier that developed at the site during the Nahanagan Stade (11–10ka 14C BP). A map-based reconstruction of the glacier indicates it had a small surface area (0.15km2), an equilibrium line altitude of 325m OD and an accumulation area ratio of 43%. The glacier was probably nourished in part by snow blown from the plateau above and to the south of the site. The ridge and adjacent area provide the first recorded evidence for occurrence of a Nahanagan Stade glacier in the Donegal highlands.","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45120053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microfaunas from Late Devensian glaciomarine deposits in the Irish Sea Basin","authors":"J. Haynes, A. Mccabe, N. Eyles","doi":"10.3318/IRISJEARTSCIE.2019.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/IRISJEARTSCIE.2019.04","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Fine-grained, Late Devensian glaciomarine sediments from 26 sites in the Irish Sea Basin contain an almost exclusively foraminiferal fauna dominated by Elphidium clavatum, Haynesina orbiculare, Cibicides lobatulus and Cibicides fletcheri. This biofacies is typical of shallow-water, Arctic environments where glaciers are in retreat. The relatively well-preserved, cold-water species are accompanied by poorly preserved temperate species, considered to have been reworked from earlier deposits on the sea floor. These include Ammonia batava, Ammonia falsobeccarii, Elphidium crispum and Elphidium species A. Although ice transport and ice marginal reworking occurred during rapid ice withdrawal and produced a mixed fauna basin-wide, subsidiary species show marked geographical variation in distribution. E. nitida is restricted to the south-eastern Ireland stations and E. asklundi is much less numerous on the east side of the basin. The derived temperate element is also much stronger at sites in south-eastern Ireland. Species derived from beds older than the Pleistocene are rare. The largely in situ, cold-water faunal elements provide evidence for extensive glaciomarine conditions during the decay cycle of the Late Devensian Irish Sea glacier. The dominance of Elphidium clavatum assemblages is a signature for a major meltwater event which may be linked to catastrophic release of meltwater to tidewater ice margins when rising sea-level broke the seals around meltwater reservoirs within the main glacier.","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46639575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterisation of gravel deposits in the pre-glacial channel, Central Dublin","authors":"Stephen Kealy, M. Long, S. Mccarron, M. Fleming, M. Friedman","doi":"10.3318/ijes.2021.39.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/ijes.2021.39.4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This paper reports on the production of an interactive 3-dimensional model over a key section of a pre-glacial channel feature in Dublin City. Significant infrastructural developments, most importantly the Dublin MetroLink project, are planned in the study area. The model presented here represents a complex depositional environment produced by several discrete phases of glaciation and deglaciation during the Quaternary and is consistent with previous published reports on the area. The geology in the study area typically consists of a Quaternary channel cut into the Carboniferous limestone bedrock, an intermittent lower glacial till, a large fluvio-glacial sand and gravel deposit and an intermittent upper glacial till.The digital software used to manage and create a 3-dimensional ground model is described and is comprised of several commercially available modules. The digital 3-dimensional ground models are particularly useful as a single data repository which can easily be updated as new data becomes available. Interpretation of a large body of geotechnical tests confirmed the fluvio-glacial sand and gravel deposit is relatively non-homogenous but can be broadly characterised as a medium to very dense slightly sandy to sandy gravel. Simple index tests, such as particle size distribution analyses and standard penetration testing, are very useful for both material characterisation and interpretation of profiles, albeit the latter test results can be influenced by the presence of cobbles or boulders. Geophysical testing, especially shear wave velocity profiling, was shown to be a very useful characterisation tool in these deposits. The findings of this work are consistent with the overall understanding of the erosional features, pattern of glacial deposition and general geological history of the study area in Dublin.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons attribution license, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Open Access funding provided by IReL.","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":"71 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46681969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trust and perception: key challenges facing geoscientists in practice and in Irish society","authors":"Jessica Franklin, T. Henry, G. Kindermann, Caitrı́ona M. Carlin","doi":"10.3318/ijes.2021.39.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/ijes.2021.39.2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Society is underpinned by geoscience, from power generation, construction, communication, resource management, water supply and security, to responses to climate change impacts. Communicating the complexities and uncertainties that are familiar concepts to geoscientists with the general public can be challenging. Fostering and increasing public trust in geoscience is therefore essential to empower stakeholders to make better informed decisions about the various complex environmental issues facing society. There is abundant evidence that this can only be effective if there is a dialogue, an exchange of information with stakeholders, rather than just a presentation of information. However, before the geoscience community can effectively start that dialogue, we need to understand how the geoscience community is perceived, and how trusted it is. This project assessed the public perception of, and trust in, geoscience and geoscientists in Ireland, through a series of semi-structured interviews and a subsequent online survey. Trust in and the perception of geoscience and geoscientists was explored and compared to other professionals who may interact with the natural environment such as environmental scientists and engineers. The results from the survey, coupled with the thematic analysis of the semi-structured interviews provide a basis for reflection by the geoscience community.","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":"29 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47690113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Late-glacial protalus rampart in Macgillycuddy's Reeks, south-west Ireland","authors":"E. Anderson, S. Harrison, D. Passmore","doi":"10.3318/IRISJEARTSCIE.2019.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/IRISJEARTSCIE.2019.06","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:We present evidence of a relict protalus rampart on the south-facing flank of Macgillycuddy's Reeks, south-west Ireland. Our interpretation is based on its geomorphic similarities with actively forming landforms in Alpine environments and on its compliance with the criteria widely believed to be diagnostic of protalus ramparts. The landform is considered to have formed during the Younger Dryas because it lies within the reconstructed glacial limits of the Glenavy Stadial and outside the local Younger Dryas glacial limits. Estimates of annual rockwall retreat rates during the Younger Dryas Stadial, based on the volume of protalus rampart debris, vary between 1 3mm and 1 95mm per year.","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48047950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deglaciation of the Dungiven Basin, north-west Ireland","authors":"S. Mccarron","doi":"10.3318/IJES.2013.31.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/IJES.2013.31.4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This paper describes glacigenic landforms and sediments occurring within the Dungiven Basin, north-west Ireland. It relates them to the pattern and timing of deglacial events within several sectors of the late Midlandian British–Irish Ice Sheet. The distribution, association and sedimentology of relatively well-preserved relict deglacial landforms are used in combination to reconstruct the nature and pattern of deglaciation in the region. An intricate pattern of ice-marginal and topographic control on the formation of glacially fed water bodies within the basin occurred during glacial down- and back-wastage toward ice-source areas. The dominant ice masses in the basin retreated west and south-west toward the south Donegal Highlands and Omagh Basin regions (Derrynaflaw Morphostratigraphic Unit). During evacuation of the Dungiven Basin by these ice fronts, the easternmost valleys of the northern Sperrin Mountains were deglaciating south-eastward, in the direction of the Lough Neagh Basin (Banagher Morphostratigraphic Unit). A proglacial lake in the mid- to lower Roe Valley during initial stages of the Derrynaflaw Unit was caused by the impoundment of proglacial drainage by a lobe of Donegal ice occupying the Foyle Basin. Subsequent glaciolacustrine environments in the valleys of the northern Sperrin Mountains were created by the interaction of retreating ice margins with local topography. Local watersheds provided control of water-body elevations as ice margins retreated south and west toward ice-dispersal centres.","PeriodicalId":35911,"journal":{"name":"Irish Journal of Earth Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42589698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}