Locus: Revista de História最新文献

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La ‘nueva’ Europa nacionalista que soñó el III Reich
Locus: Revista de História Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37516
Borja Pérez Climent
{"title":"La ‘nueva’ Europa nacionalista que soñó el III Reich","authors":"Borja Pérez Climent","doi":"10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37516","url":null,"abstract":"Resenha do livro: Dafinger, Johannes y Pohl, Dieter. A New Nationalist Europe Under Hitler: Concepts of Europe and Transnational Networks in the National Socialist Sphere of Influence, 1933–1945. Londres – Nueva York: Routledge, 2020.","PeriodicalId":359107,"journal":{"name":"Locus: Revista de História","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116399032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Conceptual Pattern of Fascist Ideology 法西斯意识形态的概念模式
Locus: Revista de História Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37520
C. Martins
{"title":"Conceptual Pattern of Fascist Ideology","authors":"C. Martins","doi":"10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37520","url":null,"abstract":"In spite of all the definitions of fascism that were presented in the last decades and the “consensus” that was created around the definition proposed by Roger Griffin (which focuses on the ultranationalist and palingenetic core of fascism), authors like Michel Dobry have criticized the tendency to opt for what they see as “essentialist” approaches and to worry too much with classifications. Nevertheless, I argue that, although the more dynamic aspects of fascist ideology must be kept in mind, definitions and classifications are a necessary component of the work of the historian that tries to make sense of the era of fascism. For this reason, I here have the goal of arriving at a new definition of fascism by making use of the conceptual morphological approach, put forward by Michael Freeden, which has never been systematically applied to the study of fascism and can lead us to new and interesting conclusions about the nature of this ideology. This essay is, thus, a reassessment of a research that I previously carried out and shall be read as a refined version of that study, which tried to define fascism through the core concepts that are part of its conceptual pattern. As it is made clear in the text, the concepts that I believe to be central to fascism are: Nation, State, Synthessis, Revolution, Authority and Violence.","PeriodicalId":359107,"journal":{"name":"Locus: Revista de História","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132668234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Los orígenes del fascismo chino: el impacto de la colaboración nacionalista-comunista y la legitimidad de la lucha nacional (1927-1931) 中国法西斯主义的起源:民族主义-共产主义合作的影响和民族斗争的合法性(1927-1931)
Locus: Revista de História Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37511
Chiao-In Chen
{"title":"Los orígenes del fascismo chino: el impacto de la colaboración nacionalista-comunista y la legitimidad de la lucha nacional (1927-1931)","authors":"Chiao-In Chen","doi":"10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37511","url":null,"abstract":"La representación más importante del movimiento fascista chino, también conocida por su nombre original de Sociedad de la Práctica Rigurosa de los Tres Principios del Pueblo (o Lixingshe), se estructuró a inicios de 1932 en la capital del régimen nacionalista de Nanjing. Sus miembros fueron militares del ejército nacionalista revolucionario chino que compartieron formación militar en la Academia Militar Huangpu durante la segunda mitad de los años veinte, en un contexto forjado por la etapa de colaboración entre nacionalistas y comunistas. En este artículo se aproximará a las actividades previas a la formación de Lixingshe, donde las trayectorias anticomunistas, la creación de una interpretación fascistizada de las doctrinas “sunyatsenista” y el vínculo de la fidelidad hacia el líder Chiang Kai-shek, determinarían su camino inicial. Asimismo, el artículo propone interpretar el ambiente de los años veinte en Asia Oriental como la base necesaria para entender la característica defensiva y antiimperial del fascismo chino.","PeriodicalId":359107,"journal":{"name":"Locus: Revista de História","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130793736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Zarco Moniz Ferreira and the Portuguese radical right-wing between authoritarianism and democracy: a biographical approach 扎尔科·莫尼兹·费雷拉与葡萄牙激进右翼在威权主义与民主之间:传记的方法
Locus: Revista de História Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37488
Riccardo Marchi, T. Pinto
{"title":"Zarco Moniz Ferreira and the Portuguese radical right-wing between authoritarianism and democracy: a biographical approach","authors":"Riccardo Marchi, T. Pinto","doi":"10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37488","url":null,"abstract":"In the 1960s and 1970s, Portugal witnessed a cycle of political radicalisation on the right and left, in the context of the crisis and fall of the authoritarian Salazarist regime, and the transition to democracy after the military coup of 1974. For the right wing, radicalisation was led by young university students inspired by the Portuguese nationalism of the first half of the 20th century, but also by foreign doctrines from the inter-war period, and by the neo-fascist subculture immediately after the second world war. This article explores the mobilisation of this radical subculture, with its links to the Estado Novo and the European far right, through a bibliographical appreciation of one of its best-known leaders, nationally and internationally: Zarco Moniz Ferreira. From his career as a political activist, between the end of authoritarianism and the democratic transition, a faithful picture emerges of the characteristics, dynamics, successes and failures of the mobilisation of the far-right in those troubled years of recent Portuguese history.","PeriodicalId":359107,"journal":{"name":"Locus: Revista de História","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126253912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fascismo além das fronteiras europeias? Ação Integralista Brasileira e o fascismo no Brasil 超越欧洲边界的法西斯主义?巴西整合主义行动和巴西法西斯主义
Locus: Revista de História Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37336
Gabriela De Lima Grecco
{"title":"Fascismo além das fronteiras europeias? Ação Integralista Brasileira e o fascismo no Brasil","authors":"Gabriela De Lima Grecco","doi":"10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37336","url":null,"abstract":"O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar o surgimento e o desenvolvimento do maior movimento fascista na América Latina: a Ação Integralista Brasileira. Para tanto, em um primeiro momento, realizar-se-á uma aproximação em relação aos debates historiográficos sobre a existência ou não do fascismo extra-europeu.  Posteriormente, faz-se necessário discutir, a partir dos debates mais atuais na chamada escola sobre “estudos sobre fascismo”, o surgimento da Ação Integralista Brasileira à luz da interpretação do historiador Roger Griffin sobre modernismo e fascismo. Para finalizar, analisar-se-á a construção e as principais ideias do movimento signatário para, então, concluir, com uma reflexão sobre a existência e desenvolvimento do integralismo pós-guerra: o neointegralismo.  ","PeriodicalId":359107,"journal":{"name":"Locus: Revista de História","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131315178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
As relações entre os governos fascistizados de Franco e Vargas no contexto da Guerra Civil Espanhola (1936-1939) 西班牙内战背景下佛朗哥和瓦格斯法西斯政府的关系(1936-1939)
Locus: Revista de História Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37438
Eliane Venturini de Oliveira
{"title":"As relações entre os governos fascistizados de Franco e Vargas no contexto da Guerra Civil Espanhola (1936-1939)","authors":"Eliane Venturini de Oliveira","doi":"10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37438","url":null,"abstract":"Este artigo apresenta uma breve análise dos governos de Getúlio Vargas no Brasil e de Francisco Franco na Espanha - ambos com características próximas ao fascismo – e de suas relações no período da Guerra Civil Espanhola (1936-1939), considerada um dos exemplos dapersonificação dos embates entre os grupos de esquerda e de direita de sua época. Este artigobusca demonstrar que ambos os governos podem ser classificados como “fascistizados”, ou seja, possuem características que os aproximam da definição clássica de fascismo, mas ao mesmo tempo mantém outros aspectos que os afastam da classificação tradicional.","PeriodicalId":359107,"journal":{"name":"Locus: Revista de História","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131646285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sensibilidades estéticas, regeneración y virilidad: sobre la mirada falangista de posguerra al fin de siglo 美学敏感性,再生和阳刚之气:关于战后到本世纪末长枪党外观
Locus: Revista de História Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37944
Zira Box
{"title":"Sensibilidades estéticas, regeneración y virilidad: sobre la mirada falangista de posguerra al fin de siglo","authors":"Zira Box","doi":"10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.37944","url":null,"abstract":"El presente artículo parte de la dimensión regeneracionista que, en tanto fascismo, tuvo el discurso falangista de la inmediata posguerra española para asumir que, tal y como ocurrió en otros contextos nacionales y otros discursos emergidos entre el último tercio del siglo XIX y las dos primeras décadas del siglo XX, este tuvo una dimensión de género: si bien la decadencia se pensó a partir de procesos de afeminamiento, la regeneración lo hizo articulándose con la noción de virilidad. \u0000Para el caso específico español, este texto asume que los fascistas de los años 40 se presentaron como continuidades, aunque en una versión totalitaria y antiliberal, de las corrientes regeneracionistas previas. A partir de la idea anterior, se propone la hipótesis de que la inspiración que los falangistas encontraron en quienes les habían precedido tuvo que ver con la posibilidad de interpretar en clave de regeneradora virilidad algunos de los elementos presentes en los discursos finiseculares. Simultáneamente, se sugiere la idea de que dicha mirada al fin del siglo no se basó solo en la posibilidad de elaborar una retórica nacional, sino que también se acompañó de una sensibilidad estética en la que se buscó que el contenido (la España viril) encajase con la forma(la expresión estética de la nación viril).","PeriodicalId":359107,"journal":{"name":"Locus: Revista de História","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115451724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fascismo feminino latino
Locus: Revista de História Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.38390
Vitória De Almeida Machado, Gabbiana Clamer Fonseca Falavigna dos Reis
{"title":"Fascismo feminino latino","authors":"Vitória De Almeida Machado, Gabbiana Clamer Fonseca Falavigna dos Reis","doi":"10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.38390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.38390","url":null,"abstract":"A América Latina ainda é um tema recente nos estudos sobre o fascismo. Apesar das pesquisas existentes, poucas ainda procuraram analisar a participação das mulheres nesses movimentos. Com isso, busca-se analisar os fascismos na América Latina, especialmente em relação à participação das mulheres em duas organizações: Ação Integralista Brasileira (AIB) e a peruana, Unión Revolucionaria (UR). Nesses países, o fascismo foi para além de um movimento e se concretizou em partidos políticos, possibilitando a visualização de uma estrutura orgânica e organizada politicamente. A partir de uma reflexão inicial, a pesquisa tem como foco a comparação entre as mulheres peruanas e brasileiras, principalmente pela relevância dos movimentos e pela ausência de estudos que trabalhem nessa perspectiva.","PeriodicalId":359107,"journal":{"name":"Locus: Revista de História","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130933317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Education under National Socialism: Ideology, Programs and Practice 国家社会主义教育:思想、纲领与实践
Locus: Revista de História Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.38589
Jakob Benecke, Jörg-W. Link
{"title":"Education under National Socialism: Ideology, Programs and Practice","authors":"Jakob Benecke, Jörg-W. Link","doi":"10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.38589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.38589","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides a condensed, introductory overview of National Socialist formation education in the Hitler Youth and school. It is based on the author’s own research and relevant presentations. Education under National Socialism was characterized by the interplay of a racist worldview and the regime’s totalitarian will to rule. For Nazi education, this meant that the political took precedence over all social issues, including all issues relevant from the perspective of educational theory. In our analysis, we distinguish between two levels: the level of standardization and the level of educational practices in the Hitler Youth and school. Particularly during World War II, political demands were increasingly rigidly enforced, and adolescents were increasingly instrumentalized for their purposes. The National Socialists’ aspirations for total control compared to the educational reality exhibited correspondences as well as discrepancies and contradictions. Against the background of traditional tasks of education, the verdict on Nazi education from a normative point of view is clearly negative. However, if one also looks at National Socialist educational practices, one notices numerous characteristic ambivalences – between the partly contradictory demands of the National Socialist regime, but also between its educational practices and its attempts at realization. On the one hand, National Socialists achieved comprehensive formative successes, while on the other hand they often failed because of their totalitarian objectives.","PeriodicalId":359107,"journal":{"name":"Locus: Revista de História","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128584917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
"Há algo mais transnacional do que a própria idéia de nação?". Entrevista com Ismael Saz (Universitat de València) “还有什么比国家这个概念更跨国的吗?”采访伊斯梅尔·萨兹(巴伦西亚大学)
Locus: Revista de História Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.39492
Leandro Pereira Pereira Gonçalves, Toni Morant i Ariño
{"title":"\"Há algo mais transnacional do que a própria idéia de nação?\". Entrevista com Ismael Saz (Universitat de València)","authors":"Leandro Pereira Pereira Gonçalves, Toni Morant i Ariño","doi":"10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.39492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34019/2594-8296.2022.v28.39492","url":null,"abstract":"Entrevista con Ismael Saz (Universitat de València)","PeriodicalId":359107,"journal":{"name":"Locus: Revista de História","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128148821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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