Climate Change and Agriculture最新文献

Beitbridge Minority Farmer Communities and Climate Change: Prospects for Sustainability 北桥少数民族农民社区与气候变化:可持续发展前景

Climate Change and Agriculture Pub Date : 2019-11-06 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.83816

M. Matsa, B. Dzawanda

{"title":"Beitbridge Minority Farmer Communities and Climate Change: Prospects for Sustainability","authors":"M. Matsa, B. Dzawanda","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.83816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.83816","url":null,"abstract":"Indigenous minority farmer communities in Beitbridge district of Zimbabwe are on the cutting edge of climate change and climate vulnerability. This chapter assesses through questionnaires, interviews and focus group discussions how these communities are triangulating their indigenous knowledge systems, government and NGOs initiatives to achieve sustainability. Results reveal that although the farmers are appreciative of external assistance through government and NGOs assistance, such assistance can only be sustainable provided it is built around their indigenous knowledge systems which they hold sacrosanct. The study therefore recommends more use of the abundant natural resources in Beitbridge and The district’s competitive advantage is a rich livestock district. The community identifies itself with these resources, so all developmental endeavours should coalesce around these resources for sustained social, economic and environmental growth as a cushion against the climate change phe-nomenon and associated threats. All such efforts should be community driven rather than being imported from central government or NGO headquarters or country offices. The resilient and hardworking qualities of these communities need not be destroyed by food aid and free farming input hand-outs. Instead, these qualities should be utilised to drive community development initiatives for household livelihood sustainability.","PeriodicalId":358697,"journal":{"name":"Climate Change and Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129166375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Climate Change and Uncharted Social Challenge in Existing Urban Setup in Bangladesh 气候变化和孟加拉国现有城市设置中未知的社会挑战

Climate Change and Agriculture Pub Date : 2019-09-27 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.83409

R. Ahsan

{"title":"Climate Change and Uncharted Social Challenge in Existing Urban Setup in Bangladesh","authors":"R. Ahsan","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.83409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.83409","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of extreme climate events on human settlements has been startling, demonstrated by events such as Hurricane Katrina in the USA, Cyclone Nargis in Myanmar and Cyclones Sidr and Aila in Bangladesh. People, particularly those living in vulnerable coastal zones, face forced displacement due to such extreme climate events and need to search for alternative livelihoods. In most cases they ended up in nearest cities for income and livelihoods. Bangladesh represents a region where a complex set of climate-driven outcomes is already evident, as land is inundated, and populations migrate in large numbers in search of livelihoods. Using the region as an example, this research examines climate change impacts ranging from the primary impacts on natural systems, through secondary population displacement and migration, to the eventual outcomes of rapid urbanisation and urban poor. Tertiary impacts are defined as social changes in the urban system and deprivation of social justice for those migrants. The scope of this paper is to understand the issues and challenges associated with climate-induced displacement and policy applications to ensure social justice for those migrant communities.","PeriodicalId":358697,"journal":{"name":"Climate Change and Agriculture","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126485495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Salinity Stress in Arid and Semi-Arid Climates: Effects and Management in Field Crops 干旱和半干旱气候条件下的盐胁迫:对大田作物的影响和管理

Climate Change and Agriculture Pub Date : 2019-07-12 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.87982

S. Hussain, M. Shaukat, M. Ashraf, C. Zhu, Qian-yu Jin, Junhua Zhang

{"title":"Salinity Stress in Arid and Semi-Arid Climates: Effects and Management in Field Crops","authors":"S. Hussain, M. Shaukat, M. Ashraf, C. Zhu, Qian-yu Jin, Junhua Zhang","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.87982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.87982","url":null,"abstract":"Salinity stress is one of the most vital abiotic stresses which results in significant damages of agricultural production, particularly in arid and semi-arid areas of the world. Salinity causes by high accumulation of soluble salt, especially NaCl in soil and water. Salinity hampers the growth and survival of many field crops such as rice, wheat, maize, cotton, sugarcane, and sorghum. It affects the plant growth by three ways such as osmotic stress linked with an increase of phytotoxic ions, ionic stress e in the cytosol, and oxidative stress facilitated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). These stresses caused by salinity hinder the water uptake, causes ion imbalance, ROS production, and hormonal imbalance, and results in the decline of photosynthesis activities reduce the plant growth and final yield. However, the sensitivity of field crops depends on the nature of cultivar and growth stages. There are many strategies to cope with salinity stress which are the development of salinity tolerant crop cultivators by using genetic and molecular techniques such as QTLs and CRISPR CAS9 technique, nutrients management strategies, use of hormones regulators (AVG, 1-MCP, D-31). This chapter will give a brief idea to the scientist to understand the effects of salinity on field crops and their management strategies.","PeriodicalId":358697,"journal":{"name":"Climate Change and Agriculture","volume":"38 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121009921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 96

Capacity Development for Scaling Up Climate-Smart Agriculture Innovations 扩大气候智能型农业创新的能力建设

Climate Change and Agriculture Pub Date : 2019-07-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84405

E. Zwane

{"title":"Capacity Development for Scaling Up Climate-Smart Agriculture Innovations","authors":"E. Zwane","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84405","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change and climate variability are creating negative impacts to agriculture. It affects both food security and crop and livestock production. In the process, it affects the livelihood of communities. Climate-smart agriculture is seen as an alternative to mitigate the challenges of climate change. Literature studies were obtained from journal articles on capacity development. The problem investigated is that climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is a recent concept which needs to be understood with climate change, and the extension advisors do not have requisite skills. Ethical tea partnership singles out tea farmers and advisors in the tea sector. The findings included the definition of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) and the linkage with climate change. It further identified key issues involved in CSA, adaptation and mitigation, and identified the technologies that need to be scaled up in order to mitigate against climate change. The study recommended the area of competency required to serve farmers by advisory services by showing the needed factors that will serve as strategies in order to scale up the needed technologies useful in managing climate-smart agriculture. The chapter recommends capacity development for extension advisors and concludes with a series of mitigation steps.","PeriodicalId":358697,"journal":{"name":"Climate Change and Agriculture","volume":"4 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114028520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Resiliency of Prairie Agriculture to Climate Change 草原农业对气候变化的适应能力

Climate Change and Agriculture Pub Date : 2019-06-28 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.87098

S. Kulshreshtha

{"title":"Resiliency of Prairie Agriculture to Climate Change","authors":"S. Kulshreshtha","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.87098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.87098","url":null,"abstract":"The Prairie Region, consisting of the provinces of Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta, is a major agricultural region of Canada. Climate change will have a significant impact on its agriculture and through these changes on related industries in the region, as well as on other parts of Canada and rest of the world. This study is a synthesis of literature on various aspects of climate change--impacts, adaptation, and knowledge gaps for the Prairie Region. These impacts include potential to increase crop production through higher yields, improved livestock productivity, and higher income for producers through higher export sales. Agriculture may also expand to higher latitude areas that are currently not capable of sustaining such an activity. However, the dampening effect on the region would be through higher frequency of extreme events--droughts and floods. In spite of positive effect of climate change on the region, adaptation to climate change by producers will be virtually necessary. Producers are willing to adopt such measures, although there are major knowledge gaps in how climate change would affect and how one can adapt to it. Major uncertainties are carbon fertilization, ability of northern areas to sustain production with shifting ecozones, and impact of new pest and diseases, among others, which may affect the degree of resiliency of the prairie agriculture to climate change. This review concludes that the prairie agriculture is resilient except under prolong and intense extreme events and lack of adaptation to them.","PeriodicalId":358697,"journal":{"name":"Climate Change and Agriculture","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128370665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Environment, Agriculture, and Land Use Pattern 环境、农业和土地利用模式

Climate Change and Agriculture Pub Date : 2019-06-11 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.83850

Saifullah Khan, M. Hassan, Aslam Khan

引用次数: 2

Environmental Impact Evaluation of Rubber Cultivation and Industry in Malaysia 马来西亚橡胶种植和工业的环境影响评价

Climate Change and Agriculture Pub Date : 2019-06-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84420

S. Yusoff, Z. Mohamed, Aireen Zuriani Ahmad

{"title":"Environmental Impact Evaluation of Rubber Cultivation and Industry in Malaysia","authors":"S. Yusoff, Z. Mohamed, Aireen Zuriani Ahmad","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84420","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last 10 years, contribution of Malaysian rubber industry to Malaysia export earnings has increased significantly from RM 15.5 billion in 2003 to RM 33.7 billion in 2013. The main objectives of this study are to provide a comprehensive inventory and detailed quantification of the environmental impact and greenhouse gases emission (GHGs) for the major part of Malaysian rubber industry comprising the cultivation of rubber tree from cradle to grave as well as Standard Malaysian Rubber (SMR) production from cradle to gate. This study was conducted through questionnaire surveys in order to create a very comprehensive life cycle inventories tables representing the actual activities in the Malaysian rubber industry. The results from the questionnaire survey indicated that the GHGs emission from the average annual activities in the cultivation of rubber trees from cradle to grave in Malaysia is 315.54 GgCO2eq and it represents 0.11% from the 2011 Malaysia GHGs emission. The average annual GHGs emission from the production of SMR in Malaysia in this study is 229.41 GgCO2eq and it represents 72.7% from the average annual GHGs emission from the cultivation of rubber trees from cradle to grave in Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":358697,"journal":{"name":"Climate Change and Agriculture","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128166465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Climate Smart Interventions of Small-Holder Farming Systems 小农农业系统的气候智慧型干预措施

Climate Change and Agriculture Pub Date : 2019-06-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.82872

A. Ullah, I. Ahmad, Habib-ur-Rehman, Umer Saeed, Ashfaq Ahmad, A. Mahmood, G. Hoogenboom

{"title":"Climate Smart Interventions of Small-Holder Farming Systems","authors":"A. Ullah, I. Ahmad, Habib-ur-Rehman, Umer Saeed, Ashfaq Ahmad, A. Mahmood, G. Hoogenboom","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.82872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.82872","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture is very vulnerable to temperature and drought in semi-arid and arid regions. Farming communities are especially vulnerable to the potential impact of climate change on crop and livestock. For Pakistan, a potential increase of 2.8°C for the maximum day temperature and 2.2°C decrease in night temperature by the midcentury has been reported. The goal of this chapter is to introduce climate-smart interventions as mitigation and adaptation strategies coupled with crop diversifica-tion through the introduction of climate resilient crops in existing cropping systems. Firstly, it describes the impacts of climate change in context to current food security situation in Pakistan and, secondly, potential climate smart interventions to combat changes in the country. Crop models, their application for developing adaptations, modeling technique and its integration with breeding, remote sensing and its application, policy interventions and resource smart interventions in context to changing climate are imperative means to favor the farming community in future farming. Introducing climate resilient crops can be rescued and recognized in dry and hot areas of Pakistan using climate smart interventions and resource use efficiency may be determined with the aid of computer and decision support IT tools in resource inefficient areas.","PeriodicalId":358697,"journal":{"name":"Climate Change and Agriculture","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116612047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Methane Emission Assessment from Indian Livestock and Its Role in Climate Change Using Climate Metrics 利用气候指标评估印度牲畜甲烷排放及其在气候变化中的作用

Climate Change and Agriculture Pub Date : 2019-06-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81713

S. Kumari, Moonmoon Hiloidhari, S. Naik, R. Dahiya

引用次数: 7

Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Strategies for Agronomic Crops 气候变化对农作物的影响及适应策略

Climate Change and Agriculture Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.82697

I. Ahmed, A. Ullah, M. H. ur Rahman, Burhan Ahmad, S. Wajid, Ashfaq Ahmad, Shakeel Ahmed

引用次数: 27