Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada最新文献_第10页

LIFE HISTORY TRAITS OF AQUATIC ARTHROPODS IN SPRINGS 春季水生节肢动物的生活史特征

Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4039/ENTM123155063-1

D. Williams

{"title":"LIFE HISTORY TRAITS OF AQUATIC ARTHROPODS IN SPRINGS","authors":"D. Williams","doi":"10.4039/ENTM123155063-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/ENTM123155063-1","url":null,"abstract":"Springs are especially useful for examining questions related to life history because they are widespread, and because they include not only the most predictable of freshwater habitats but also the most adverse (hot springs). Permanent springs tend to be stable environments, particularly in terms of temperature, discharge, and substrate. Extreme habitats such as hot springs can be ideal for studying biotic responses to environmental features because they vary little in certain factors and so do not conceal the mechanisms at work. This paper reviews the known life history and associated community traits of spring arthropods in terms of broad categories of selection forces thought to be acting in these habitats, and also examines the biotic consequences of stable environmental temperature. The data, although limited, show most support for the deterministic view of life history evolution in that traits of cold and hot permanent spring faunas tend to conform to those of K- and A-selected species, respectively. Nonconformities exist however, and data are totally lacking for springs that flow intermittently. A model continuum of spring types from the stable to the unstable and from the benign to the adverse is proposed which predicts the biological properties of communities living in little-studied spring types. The stable and/or adverse temperature regimens of springs are thought to impinge on many aspects of the biology of their faunas but most relationships (e.g. physiological, phenological) are based on data that are correlative, circumstantial, or laboratory based. Manipulative field tests are advocated to establish definite causative links. Wide scope exists for further research on the life history and community traits of spring arthropods.","PeriodicalId":358634,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115290839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 32

LARVAL SKETCHES OF SOME MICROLEPIDOPTERA, CHIEFLY NORTH AMERICAN 一些主要产于北美的小鳞翅目昆虫的幼虫草图

Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4039/ENTM10488FV

M. R. Mackay

引用次数: 21

FORMULATION OF ENTOMOPATHOGENS FOR THE CONTROL OF GRASSHOPPERS AND LOCUSTS 防治蝗虫昆虫病原制剂的研制

Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4039/ENTM129171049-1

D. Moore, R. Caudwell

{"title":"FORMULATION OF ENTOMOPATHOGENS FOR THE CONTROL OF GRASSHOPPERS AND LOCUSTS","authors":"D. Moore, R. Caudwell","doi":"10.4039/ENTM129171049-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/ENTM129171049-1","url":null,"abstract":"Successful development of a biological pesticide requires attention not only to the biological agent, but also to formulation, application, and the biology of the pest–pathogen interaction in the field. Emphasis in our review is given to fungi, Metarhizium spp. and Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin, as the most suitable agents, and oil-based ULV formulations or baits as the most promising application techniques for use with locusts and grasshoppers. The efficacy of the pathogen isolate must be maximized; selection is aimed at those that are suitably virulent, specific, and well adapted to the relevant environmental conditions. Opportunities exist for manipulation of the characteristics of the isolate by genetic means and by developments in culturing techniques. Formulation requirements are stability during storage and the ability to carry the active ingredient successfully to the target insect at application. Likely storage methods for fungi would be as dry conidia, perhaps with clay diluents, or in oils; the characteristics of both are briefly discussed. At application, efficacy of dose transfer and protection of the biological agent against environmental constraints such as UV radiation are needed. Baits have advantages in terms of dose transfer but logistical problems associated with the bulkiness of the carrier remain. Technological advances, including those that offer the prospect of carrier production in situ from dense precursors, and better knowledge of feeding behaviour have improved the prospects for baits. Multi-disciplinary research reducing dependency on the biological agent and exploiting formulation chemistry and application technology is required in developing biological pesticides.","PeriodicalId":358634,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114908691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 26

DIVERSITY OF SOIL ARTHROPODS IN CANADA: SYSTEMATIC AND ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS 加拿大土壤节肢动物的多样性:系统和生态问题

Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4039/ENTM125165011-1

V. Behan-Pelletier

{"title":"DIVERSITY OF SOIL ARTHROPODS IN CANADA: SYSTEMATIC AND ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS","authors":"V. Behan-Pelletier","doi":"10.4039/ENTM125165011-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/ENTM125165011-1","url":null,"abstract":"Data on diversity are fundamental to our understanding of both natural and disturbed ecosystems. Yet, despite their real and potential importance, knowledge of the diversity of non-pterygote soil arthropods in Canada still is very incomplete. This is illustrated with information on diversity from nine non-pterygote arthropod taxa: Tardigrada, Chilopoda, Diplopoda, Symphyla, Pauropoda, Protura, Collembola, Pseudoscorpionida, and Oribatida, and faunal lists are given for six of these taxa. Although valuable family and generic keys have been published recently, few monographic works or user-friendly keys to species are available. Autecological information essential to explaining the functional role of soil arthropods remains inadequate. Fortunately, the needs of other disciplines and issues are causing a change. For example, current ecological research recognizes that the roles of soil arthropods in decomposition, nutrient cycling, and soil formation are more complex than previously supposed, palaeoecologists require new or corroborating data to interpret their fossil assemblages, and issues such as agroecosystem management, environmental indicators, and global change require a more thorough knowledge of soil communities. Researchers in these areas face poor data on diversity based on inadequate systematics, which limit their understanding of the composition and organisation of soil arthropod communities. This inadequacy presents both a challenge and an opportunity to soil arthropod systematists and ecologists.","PeriodicalId":358634,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127564668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 31

ENTOMOPOXVIRUSES OF GRASSHOPPERS AND LOCUSTS: BIOLOGY AND BIOLOGICAL CONTROL POTENTIAL 蝗虫虫痘病毒:生物学和生物防治潜力

Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4039/ENTM129171115-1

D. Streett, S. Woods, M. Erlandson

引用次数: 11

CATALOGUE OF THE ORIBATIDA (ACARI) OF CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES AND CANADA 美国大陆和加拿大甲螨目(蜱螨目)目录

Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4039/ENTM119139FV

V. G. Marshall, R. M. Reevrs, R. A. Norton

引用次数: 202

The Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) of Canada 加拿大的鳞蛾科(鳞翅目

Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4039/ENTM111107FV

C. Wilkinson, M. Scoble

{"title":"The Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) of Canada","authors":"C. Wilkinson, M. Scoble","doi":"10.4039/ENTM111107FV","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4039/ENTM111107FV","url":null,"abstract":"A taxonomic revision, including descriptions, diagnoses, and bibliographies, is given of the genera and species of the family Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) so far collected in Canada. In addition, extensive material from the U.S.A. and a number of specimens from Europe have been examined. Five new species and two new subspecies are described. Notes on the biology of the species have been collated from rearing records, label data, and the relevant literature. With one exception all existing types have been examined and, in addition, a number of types designated.A major feature of this work is a study of the genitalia of the moths — never before undertaken extensively on the North American Nepticulidae. These structures give valuable diagnostic features and are of fundamental importance in the provision of modern descriptions and keys. As genitalia characters are thought to be the best taxonomic indicators of relationships between species in the Nepticulidae, the species-groups proposed have been mainly defined on these structures.The confusion over the nomenclature of the family name is discussed. Taxonomic histories of the genera are given and one generic synonymy is made.Taxonomic problems are discussed in relation to distribution and food-plant choice. The host-plant associations of the family are reviewed, with reference to the mining habits of the larvae. A priori use of host-plant data in the taxonomy of the Nepticulidae is found to be limited. However, the proposed species-groups illustrate a general conclusion that related species tend to feed on plants that are themselves taxonomically related.","PeriodicalId":358634,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125919687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

The Corn Earworm Complex 玉米耳虫群

Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4039/ENTM9740FV

D. Hardwick

引用次数: 304

THE SPRUCE BUDWORM 云杉芽虫

Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4039/ENTM9531012-1

C. Miller

引用次数: 43

Mathematical Models for use in Insect Pest Control 病虫害防治用数学模型

Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4039/ENTM9319FV

K. Watt

引用次数: 64