New Mexico Geology最新文献

{"title":"OSL ages of upper Quaternary eolian sand and paleosols, northwest Albuquerque Basin, New Mexico","authors":"S. Hall, R. Goble, G. Raymond","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v30n2.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v30n2.39","url":null,"abstract":"Upper Pleistocene and Holocene eolian sand mantles the topography in the northwestern Albuquerque Basin. A series of 12 OSL ages from surficial deposits along the Paseo del Volcan corridor, Rio Rancho, Sandoval County, indicates that the main body of eolian sand was deposited with a thickness of 0.5–1.4 m during the period from 16 to 10 ka. A red calcic paleosol with stage I carbonate morphology formed in the sand during the Holocene. The OSL-dated sand has a net sedimentation rate of 0.026 cm per year. Eight archaeological sites with features that intrude into the upper Pleistocene eolian sand are radiocarbon dated 4,600–580 14C yrs b.p. The surface of the sand and its paleosol are truncated by sheet erosion. The top portions of features at the archaeological sites as well as most artifacts have been removed by erosion. Underlying the upper Pleistocene sand is an eroded eolian silty sand with a pink calcic paleosol with stage II carbonate morphology and an OSL estimated age ~130 ka. The eolian sand covers an alluvial/colluvial gravelly sand containing a paleosol with stage III carbonate morphology that may be Miocene. The OSLdated eolian cover sand along the Paseo del Volcan corridor has few equivalents in the region.","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71174065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New estimates of the magnitudes and locations for the strongest earthquakes in 1906-1907 Socorro, New Mexico, earthquake swarm","authors":"A. Sanford","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v30n4.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v30n4.107","url":null,"abstract":"Rossi-Forel (RF) intensities reported by Reid (1911) for the three strongest earthquakes in the 1906–1907 Socorro earthquake swarm are used to estimate magnitudes, locations, and fault parameters. RF intensities have been converted to Modified Mercalli (MM) intensities using the relationships by Richter (1958) and then to peak ground accelerations (PGAs) using empirical equations established by Wald et al. (1999). Final estimates of magnitudes were obtained from the distribution of PGAs versus distances beyond 50 km (31 mi) using the attenuation relationship of Spudich et al. (1999). The procedure yielded local magnitudes of 5.57 (12 July 1906), 5.76 (16 July 1906), and 6.18 (15 November 1906). Further analysis revealed that these earthquakes had to occur very near Socorro, most likely on the Socorro Canyon fault, a major Quaternary fault of the Rio Grande rift (Machette and Chamberlin 1997a, b; Phillips et al. 2003). Rupture parameters based on the estimated magnitudes (Wells and Coppersmith 1994) indicate that only the 15 November 1906 earthquake would have had a chance to rupture the surface, but the displacement would probably be too small to detect.","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71174423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refinements to the stratigraphic nomenclature of the Santa Fe Group, northwestern Albuquerque Basin, New Mexico","authors":"S. Connell","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v30n1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v30n1.14","url":null,"abstract":"Recent geologic mapping refines the stratigraphic nomenclature of the Santa Fe Group in the Albuquerque Basin of the Rio Grande rift of central New Mexico. Discovery of an unconformity requires modifications to the stratigraphic nomenclature of the Santa Fe Group in the western Albuquerque Basin. The Rincones paleosurface represents a tectonostratigraphic boundary that separates slightly tilted, upper Miocene sediments of the Arroyo Ojito Formation from overlying, weakly consolidated, and subhorizontally stratified deposits of the Pliocene Ceja Formation. Correlation of the Rincones paleosurface constrains the distribution of component depositional belts across much of the basin and resolves a long-standing problem with stratigraphic correlations within the Albuquerque Basin. Revisions to the Santa Fe Group stratigraphic nomenclature in the northwestern Albuquerque Basin are intended to aid in future geologic mapping activities and in the interpretation of geologic compilations of the Albuquerque Basin. Use of the term “middle red formation” (or member) should be discontinued because it is ambiguously defined. The following revisions are proposed: raise the Cerro Conejo Member of the Zia Formation to formation rank; propose the Picuda Peak Member for the upper part of the Arroyo Ojito Formation; elevate the Ceja Member of the Arroyo Ojito Formation to formation rank and locally divide it into the Atrisco, Santa Ana Mesa, and Rio Puerco Members. The Pantadeleon Formation has similar composition to, and occupies the same stratigraphic position as, the Ceja Formation and should be abandoned as redundant to the senior term Ceja Formation.","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71174048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yet another atempt to date the Banco Bonito rhyolite, the youngest volcanic flow in the Valles caldera, New Mexico","authors":"K. Lepper, and Fraser Goff and Fraser Goff","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v29n4.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v29n4.117","url":null,"abstract":"The Banco Bonito rhyolite flow is the youngest member of the El Cajete Series of the Valles Rhyolite Formation and represents the latest stages of extrusive volcanism associated with the Jemez Mountains volcanic field and the Valles caldera . The age of the Banco Bonito is important to understand the eruptive history and to evaluate volcanic hazards in the region . In this study we have applied optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating to a baked colluvial sediment layer immediately below the lava flow . Three distinct sets of ages emerged . OSL SAR ages from quartz sand averaged 140 ± 22 ka, corresponding to fission track ages for the Banco Bonito of ca . 130–140 ka (Marvin and Dobson 1979; Miyaji et al . 1985) . Measured IRSL MAAD ages from polymineral fine silts averaged 20 .7 ± 2 .5 ka, corresponding to a sizable group of electron spin resonance (ESR) ages from members of the El Cajete Series (Ogoh et al . 1993) . IRSL MAAD ages incorporating a regionally inferred data correction averaged 34 .0 ± 4 .2 ka, corresponding with cosmogenic 21Ne ages for the Banco Bonito (Phillips et al . 1997) . These correspondences may be linked to recurring thermal events in the caldera, as has been interpreted by past researchers but, ultimately, the OSL ages do not resolve the eruption age of the Banco Bonito flow .","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71173221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geomorphology and stratigraphy of inset fluvial deposits along the Rio Grande valley in the central Albuquerque Basin, New Mexico","authors":"S. Connell, D. Love, N. Dunbar","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v29n1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v29n1.13","url":null,"abstract":"Five inset levels of Pleistocene fluvial deposits indicating former and present positions of the Rio Grande are differentiated between San Felipe Pueblo and Los Lunas, New Mexico. All have coarse-grained, wellrounded cobble-gravel bases overlain by varying amounts of finer-grained and more poorly sorted sediments. This paper formalizes (with modification) three fluvial deposits informally proposed by P. W. Lambert in 1968: Los Duranes Formation, Menaul Member, and Edith Formation. This paper also introduces three new stratigraphic terms to complete the succession of fluvial deposits mapped in the Albuquerque area: the Lomatas Negras Formation, Arenal Formation, and Los Padillas Formation. A fluvially recycled volcanic ash, exposed in the oldest and highest inset deposit, the Lomatas Negras Formation, is geochemically indistinguishable from the middle Pleistocene Lava Creek B tephra (Yellowstone caldera; 640 ka). This ash places the youngest age limit on the initiation of incision of the Rio Grande valley in the Albuquerque area. The (middle Pleistocene) Edith Formation appears to be the second oldest inset deposit. The (middle Pleistocene) Los Duranes Formation aggraded during the eruption of the Albuquerque Volcanoes (156 ka) and had ceased by the time of the Cat Hills lava flow (98–110 ka). The Arenal Formation is inset into Los Duranes Formation and is late Pleistocene in age. Los Padillas Formation designates the 15–25 m of deposits beneath the inner valley floor and had reached nearly its current upper level by late Holocene time. The preserved sequence of deposits suggests that substantial shifts in stream power, sediment supply, and climate are responsible for each of the fluvial deposits associated with former and current positions of the Rio Grande.","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71173371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ages of Quaternary Rio Grande terrace-fill deposits, Albuquerque area, New Mexico","authors":"J. C. Cole, S. Mahan, B. Stone, R. Shroba","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v29n4.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v29n4.122","url":null,"abstract":"Results from luminescence dating on 13 samples from the Albuquerque area show that major-drainage fluvial deposits represent significant periods of aggradation that formed paired, correlatable terraces on the east and west margins of the Rio Grande valley . The youngest terrace fills (Primero Alto) formed during late Pleistocene as a result of streamflow variations with climate cooling during Marine Oxygen-Isotope Stage 3; our ages suggest aggradation of the upper part of the fill occurred at about 47–40 ka . Deposits of the second (Segundo Alto) terraces reached maximum height during climate cooling in the early part of Marine Oxygen-Isotope Stage 5 as late as 90–98 ka (based on dated basalt flows) . Our luminescence ages show considerable scatter and tend to be younger (range from 63 ka to 162 ka) . The third (Tercero Alto) and fourth (Cuarto Alto) terraces are dated on the basis of included volcanic tephra . Tercero Alto terrace-fill deposits contain the Lava Creek B tephra (639 ka), and Cuarto Alto terrace-fill deposits contain tephra of the younger Bandelier Tuff eruption (1 . 22 Ma), the Cerro Toledo Rhyolite (1 .47 Ma), and the older Bandelier Tuff eruption (1 . 61 Ma) . These periods of aggradation culminated in fluvial terraces that are preserved at maximum heights of 360 ft (Cuarto Alto), 300 ft (Tercero Alto), 140 ft (Segundo Alto), and 60 ft (Primero Alto) above the modern floodplain . Despite lithologic differences related to local source-area contributions, these terracefill deposits can be correlated across the Rio Grande and up- and down-valley for tens of miles based on maximum height of the terrace above the modern floodplain .","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71173233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Pleistocene (Rancholabrean) mammals from fissure deposits in the Jurassic Todilto Formation, White Mesa mine, Sandoval County, north-central New Mexico","authors":"G. Morgan, L. Rinehart","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v29n2.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v29n2.39","url":null,"abstract":"A late Pleistocene ( Rancholabrean) fossil site containing partial to nearly complete articu lated skeletons of large mammals preserved in fissure deposits was discovered in 2005 at the White Mesa mine near San Ysidro in San doval County, north-central New Mexico. The fissures are in gypsum of the Jurassic Todilto Formation. Structural analysis suggests the fissures opened to the surface during the Pleistocene in response to extension associ ated with the Rio Grande rift. Bones were found approximately 9–12 m (30–40 ft) below the modern land surface in three different fis sures within approximately a 15-m (~50-ft) radius. Four species of large mammals are preserved in the fissures, each known from at least one partial to nearly complete skeleton: stilt-legged horse ( Equus cf. E. francisci), camel (Camelops hesternus), extinct bison (Bison antiquus), and mule deer ( Odocoileus hemionus).","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71173096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequence stratigraphy of the Lower Permian Abo member in the Robledo and Dona Ana Mountains near Las Cruces, New Mexico","authors":"G. Mack","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v29n1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v29n1.3","url":null,"abstract":"In the Robledo Mountains, approximately 100 m of interbedded red beds, gray shale, and limestone were mapped as the Abo Tongue of the Hueco Formation by Seager et al . (in press), whereas similar strata in the Doña Ana Mountains were assigned to the Abo Formation by Seager et al . (1976) . These strata are considered correlative (Wahlman and King 2002) and are referred to in this study as the Abo member for ease of discussion . Although fusulinids are absent in the Abo member in both mountain ranges (Wahlman and King 2002), a marine invertebrate fauna in the Robledo Mountains suggests a late Wolfcampian (Sakmarian) age (LeMone et al . 1975; Kues 1995; Kietzke and Lucas 1995) . In addition, conodonts collected from the lower part of the Abo member in the Robledo Mountains were assigned to the Sterlitamakian, the upper substage of the Sakmarian Stage valleys separated by interfluves that may be sites of nondeposition and soil formation (Fig . 1B) . The process of fluvial incision may be episodic, creating one or more inset terraces (Fig . 1B; Strong and Paola 2006) . Sediment deposited during the period of sea-level fall and initial rise is referred to as the lowstand systems tract (Fig . 1A, LST) . When the rate of sea-level rise increases, sediments of the transgressive systems tract are deposited (Fig . 1A, TST) . If incised valleys were cut during lowstand, they will be flooded by the rising sea, creating estuaries . The transgressive systems tract may be condensed compared to the other systems tracts, because of erosion beneath one or more marine ravinement surfaces . Near the crest of the sea-level curve, the rate of detrital influx to the shoreline may exceed the space made available by slow sea-level rise, causing the shoreline to prograde seaward, a process that may continue during subsequent slow sea-level fall . Sediment deposited during this interval of progradation and coastal offlap belongs to the highstand systems tract (Fig . 1A, HST) . Deposition of the highstand systems tract proceeds until the rate of sea-level fall accelerates, at which time coastal-plain rivers once again begin to erode, creating the upper sequence boundary . Lower Permian strata along the western margin of the Orogrande Basin of southcentral New Mexico consist of interbedded terrestrial and marine rocks (Fig . 2; Kottlowski 1963), suggesting that this area occupied a position between the limit of coastal incision during sea-level lowstand and maximum onlap during marine transgression (cf . Blum and Tornqvist 2000) . These strata in the Robledo and Doña Ana Mountains near Las Cruces are well suited for sequence stratigraphic analysis, because of the ability to correlate depositional facies and stratigraphic surfaces along canyon walls and between closely spaced outcrops in a direction roughly parallel to the paleoshoreline . This paper builds upon earlier sequence stratigraphic interpretations of the Abo member by Mack et al . (2003a) by presenting more detaile","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71173024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optically stimulated luminescence dating an introduction","authors":"K. Lepper","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v29n4.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v29n4.111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71173151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gallery of Geology - High Water on The Rio Puerco","authors":"J. Love","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v29n2.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v29n2.68","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71173101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}