New Mexico Geology最新文献

{"title":"Gallery of Geology: Bastnaisite","authors":"V. McLemore","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v37n3.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v37n3.69","url":null,"abstract":"New Mexico Geology 69 Verplanck, P.L., Van Gosen, B.S., Seal, R.R, and McCafferty, A.E., 2014, A deposit model for carbonatite and peralkaline intrusion-related rare earth element deposits: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010–5070-J, 58 pp. Woolley, A. R. and Kempe, D.R.C., 1989, Carbonatites: Nomenclature, average chemical compositions and element distribution; in Bell, K., ed., Carbonatites: Genesis and Evolution: Unwin Hyman, London, pp. 1–14. Zech, R. S., Reynolds, R. L., Rosenbaum, J. G., and Brownfield, I. K., 1994, Heavy-mineral placer deposits of the Ute Mountain Ute Indian Reservation, southwestern Colorado and northwestern New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey, Bulletin 2061-B, 39 pp. Circular 2, 15 pp. Sherer, R. L., 1990, Pajarito yttrium-zirconium deposit, Otero County, New Mexico: New Mexico Geology, v. 12, p. 21. Singer, D. A., 2000, Descriptive model of carbonatite deposits; in USGS Mineral Deposit Models: U.S. Geological Survey, Digital Data Series DDS-064, model 10, 3 pp. Staatz, M. H., 2000, Descriptive model of thorium-rare-earth veins; in USGS Mineral Deposit Models: U.S. Geological Survey, Digital Data Series DDS-064, model 11d, 6 pp. Taylor, S. R., and McClennan, S.M., 1985, The Continental Crust; its composition and evolution: Blackwell Science Publishers, Oxford, 312 pp. USGS, 2015, Mineral commodity summaries: U.S. Geological Survey, 196 pp. Vance, Z., 2013, Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Genesis of the Hydrothermal REE-Fluroite-AG-PB-CU Ore Deposits of the Gallinas Mountains, New Mexico [M.S. thesis]: Socorro, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, 219 pp.","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71177862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Memoriam William A. Cobban 1916-2015","authors":"S. Hook","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v37n2.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v37n2.55","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71177781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"William Richard Dickinson (1931-2015) A Personal Farewell","authors":"T. Lawton","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v37n3.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v37n3.70","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction With the passing of Bill Dickinson in mid-July, the geologic community of New Mexico, and everywhere else, lost an enduring colleague and friend. By a remarkable combination of intellect, self-confidence, engaging humility, and prodigious output of published work, he influenced and challenged (to date) three generations of geoscientists and other researchers—sedimentary geologists, igneous petrologists, tectonicists, sandstone petrologists, archeologists and university students, to list a few categories—around the globe. Bill looms large on the geologic landscape of western North America and surely the Big Book on Cordilleran Tectonics contains a longish chapter entitled “The Life and Times of Bill Dickinson.” To summarize that chapter in a few pages might be considered foolish; if so, consider the following a momentary lapse of reason.","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71177915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The type section of the Upper Cretaceous Tokay Tongue of the Mancos Shale (new name), Carthage coal field, Socorro County, New Mexico","authors":"S. Hook, W. A. Cobban, R. Eveleth","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v37n2.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v37n2.27","url":null,"abstract":"New Mexico Geology (NMG) publishes peer-reviewed geoscience papers focusing on New Mexico and the surrounding region. We aslo welcome submissions to the Gallery of Geology","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71177600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare Earth Elements (REE) Deposits in New Mexico: Update","authors":"T. Lawton","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v37n3.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v37n3.59","url":null,"abstract":"New Mexico Geology (NMG) publishes peer-reviewed geoscience papers focusing on New Mexico and the surrounding region. We aslo welcome submissions to the Gallery of Geology","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71177934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytoliths (plant-derived mineral bodies) as geobiological and climatic indicators in arid environments","authors":"K. D. Morgan-Edel, P. Boston, M. Spilde, R. Reynolds","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v37n1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v37n1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Phytoliths are plant-derived mineral bodies . They have been used in a variety of archaeological, environmental, and climate studies to infer paleoclimate from the vegetation types represented by diagnostic phytolith morphologies . Phytoliths can be recovered from modern plants, soils, sediments, lacustrine deposits, eolian deposits, archaeological sites, plant fossils, and potentially allochthonous sediment deposits in caves . In order to interpret such data, documentation of modern plant-derived minerals is needed, especially in arid regimes . Four goals were attempted in this study, 1) provide a morphological description of the different types of biomineralization products from the modern plant species of creosote and horsetail, two Southwestern plants with significantly different environmental requirements; 2) describe the elemental chemistry and mineralogy of the phytoliths from these plants; 3) describe morphological changes to biominerals during experimental mechanical weathering and abrasion processes, and; 4) compare all of these results to identified fragments of potential phytoliths and preserved plant-derived minerals from Fort Stanton Cave sediments and Miocene-aged plant fossils from the Rainbow Loop Flora of the Barstow Formation . This study examines biominerals from two modern key indicator species in the arid Southwest U . S . A . : Larrea tridentata (DC . ) Coville (creosote), which is characteristic of North American hot arid regimes, and Equisetum hyemale L . (horsetail), a known silica accumulating plant from wet environments and an indicator of riparian areas within desert environments . Creosote and horsetail produce biominerals that are different from one another, and possibly unique to the species or genus level of identification . We conducted a series of observations, analyses, and experiments including: 1) analysis of plant tissues with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) and x-ray diffraction (XRD); 2) investigation of preservation potential by documenting morphological changes to phytoliths after simulated mechanical weathering for different lengths of time; and 3) modern and weathered biominerals from creosote and horsetail were compared to sediments and fossils of different ages from two study sites, Fort Stanton Cave, Lincoln County, New Mexico and the Barstow Formation, San Bernardino County, California . Both study sites revealed preserved phytoliths indicating potential long-term preservation and the potential for application of these structures as vegetation paleoclimate indicators . All phytolith types from modern plant material were still distinguishable after simulated weathering treatments .","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71177549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gallery of Geology - Pennsylvanian paleosol in Sierra County, New Mexico","authors":"S. Lucas","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v36n1.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v36n1.25","url":null,"abstract":"Late Pennsylvanian sedimentation in New Mexico was in part affected by global glacio-eustasy, as the ice sheets of Late Paleozoic Gonwana waxed and waned. A primary effect of the glacial cycles may be seen in shallowing upward marine successions in the Pangean tropics, which is exactly where New Mexico was located during the Late Pennsylvanian. The top of one such cycle is very well exposed in Mine Canyon in the Caballo Mountains of Sierra County (section 32, T16S, R3W). Here, strata of the middle part (Virgilian) of the Bar B Formation include a bed first described by Soreghan (1992) in her unpublished dissertation as a cryptokarst (this is her Caballo Mountains section; also see Soreghan, 1994) The succession begins with about 4.5 m of cherty limestone that is a crinoid-brachiopod wackestone with some shale interbeds. The overlying 1.5 m of limestone is also a crinoid-brachiopod wackestone but lacks chert and the shale interbeds. A sharp and wavy contact surface at the top of the chert-free limestone separates it from 0.6 m of overlying nodular limestone. Above that is 2.9 m of marly yellow shale. On face value, in the field, this looks like a shallow marine facies (the lower limestones) that was subarerially exposed so that the nodular limestone weathered in a subaerial setting to form a paleosol with calcrete. This is thus a dramatic shallowing upward, often explained as the effect of a glacial drawdown of sea level. However, we should note that this bed succession is only found locally (in Mine Canyon), not in other outcrops of the Bar B Formation (Lucas et al. 2012), so whether or not it represents a widespread, glacio-eustatic event can be questioned. It more likely reflects a very local tectonic or autocyclic depositional event. If we look at the nodular limestone bed in thin section, it is a mudstone displaying an inhomogeneous texture of nodular fabric, partly clotted fabric with dark gray micritic grains (peloidal grains, glaebules; mostly 0.1–0.5 mm in diameter, some larger grains are present) floating in a light gray micritc matrix. Some of the micritic grains are coated by darker micritic rims. Locally, sparite-filled circumgranular shrinkage cracks are well developed. The mudstone is locally fractured by abundant wrinkled microcracks. A few irregular pores are present that are filled with sparite and separated by interconnecting micritic bridges. We interpret these irregular pores as root structures. All these features indicate that this limestone bed is a paleosol of calcrete nodules. Soreghan (1992, 1994) noted the presence of numerous exposure surfaces in Upper Pennsylvanian strata in southern New Mexico. These exposure surfaces are marked by laminar calcrete crusts, and features resembling terra rossa, paleosol, and regolith development. Soreghan (1992) identified cryptokarst surfaces but did not define the term cryptokarst, and also did not describe these cryptokarst surfaces in detail. Field (2002) defined cryptokarst as, “a ","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71175914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Description, classification, and geologic context of a Lower Pleistocene primitive mammoth jaw from Matanza Arroyo near Socorro, New Mexico","authors":"S. Lucas, G. Morgan, D. Love, Craig R. Bejnar, B. Sion, N. Dunbar, R. Chamberlin","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v36n3.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v36n3.47","url":null,"abstract":"New Mexico Geology (NMG) publishes peer-reviewed geoscience papers focusing on New Mexico and the surrounding region. We aslo welcome submissions to the Gallery of Geology","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71176056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Pennsylvanian section at Cedro Peak: A local Pennsylvanian reference section in the Manzanita Mountains, central New Mexico (USA)","authors":"S. Lucas, K. Krainer, B. Allen, D. Vachard","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v36n1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v36n1.3","url":null,"abstract":"At Cedro Peak in the Manzanita Mountains of Bernalillo County, New Mexico, a nearly complete, structurally uncomplicated, fossiliferous and characteristic local Pennsylvanian section is exposed. Approximately 340 m thick, we assign this section to the (in ascending order) Sandia, Gray Mesa (= Los Moyos), Atrasado (= Wild Cow), and Bursum Formations. We divide the Gray Mesa Formation into the (in ascending order) Elephant Butte, Whiskey Canyon, and Garcia Members, and we divide the Atrasado Formation into the (in ascending order) Bartolo, Amado, Tinajas, Council Spring, Burrego, Story, Del Cuerto, and Moya Members. We thus reject the names Sol se Mete, Pine Shadow, and La Casa for member-level subdivisions of the Atrasado Formation. We describe the lithostratigraphy, microfacies, and paleontology of the Pennsylvanian strata at Cedro Peak to interpret their depositional environments and age. The approximately 14-m-thick Sandia Formation is almost entirely of nonmarine origin and is assigned an Atokan age based on regional correlations. The approximately 119-m-thick Gray Mesa Formation records normal marine deposition. It contains fusulinids from latest Atokan? to middle Desmoinesian age. The approximately 200-m-thick Atrasado Formation is a complex succession of marine and nonmarine (mostly fluvial-deltaic) strata. It contains fusulinids of Missourian and middle Virgilian age. Only the lowermost 6 m of the Bursum Formation are exposed at Cedro Peak, but nearby sections indicate a Bursum thickness of approximately 90 m and yield Virgilian-age fusulinids. The continuity of the stratigraphic architecture of the Gray Mesa and Atrasado Formations from the Oscura Mountains in Socorro County to Cedro Peak, a distance of approximately 150 km, suggests that Middle–Late Pennsylvanian sedimentation was driven by the same underlying forces over much of central New Mexico. We posit these forces as a series of tectonic events overprinted at a few points by eustatic cycles.","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71176270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Was Mount Taylor glaciated in the Late Pleistocene? An analysis based on field evidence and regional equilibrium line altitudes","authors":"G. Meyer, P. Watt, M. Wilder","doi":"10.58799/nmg-v36n2.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58799/nmg-v36n2.32","url":null,"abstract":"Since reconnaissance work in the early 20 th century, the existence of Pleistocene glaciers on Mount Taylor has been recognized in compilations of Rocky Mountain glaciation. This eroded composite volcano stands alone as the most prominent topographic element of the Colorado Plateau in west-central New Mexico. Its highest elevations, however, rise only a few hundred meters above the lowest late Pleistocene equilibrium line altitudes (paleo-ELAs) in the region, and potential cirques on the mountain are at best weakly developed. The valley head most likely to be a cirque lies just northeast of La Mosca Peak. We found possible terminal moraines in this valley floor; alternative interpretations of these bouldery features as rock glacier toes or landslide deposits appear less probable, but cannot be ruled out. A search for striated clasts or bedrock in this area was unsuccessful, but fractured andesitic rocks such as those on Mount Taylor do not typically preserve such features. Using the possible moraines to reconstruct a small cirque glacier yields an equilibrium line altitude of approximately 3,220 m by the accumulation area ratio method, within the regional range of paleo-ELAs. Pleistocene glaciation on Mount Taylor remains uncertain, but is unlikely to have occurred for any significant period in the eastern amphitheater of the mountain where it was previously inferred.","PeriodicalId":35824,"journal":{"name":"New Mexico Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71176340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}