Contemporary Drug Problems最新文献_第5页

Nuancing Drug Harms: Exploring the Context of Substance Use Among Street-Involved Women in Uyo, Nigeria 细微的药物危害:探索在乌约，尼日利亚街头参与妇女物质使用的背景

Contemporary Drug Problems Pub Date : 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.1177/00914509221127444

Ediomo-ubong E. Nelson

{"title":"Nuancing Drug Harms: Exploring the Context of Substance Use Among Street-Involved Women in Uyo, Nigeria","authors":"Ediomo-ubong E. Nelson","doi":"10.1177/00914509221127444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00914509221127444","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies on women’s substance use have emphasized the role of structural and environmental contexts in shaping substance use patterns and harms, but the dynamics constitutive of specific substance use contexts are seldom unpacked. This study works with Cameron Duff’s elaboration of context as an assemblage of space, embodiment and practice to explore the contextual dynamics that mediate substance use practices among socially marginalized women. In-depth interviews were used to gather data from a purposive sample of street-involved women who use drugs (n = 16) in Uyo, Nigeria. Data revealed that substance use was mediated by actors, social norms and processes within social networks developed in street environments. The women used substances to achieve particular affective states such as pleasure, stress relief and coping with trauma. Social network dynamics combined with the use of drugs to manage trauma and social stress, within a wider context of social and material deprivations, to foster substance use practices that created risk for harm. Drug harms were not inherent to the substance use experience or incidental to benefits and pleasures. Instead, they were unintended, but inevitable, outcomes of the embodied practices of beneficial substance use. On the other hand, corporeal techniques of controlled drug use served to minimize drug harms. Findings indicate a need to address the contextual dynamics that influence harmful patterns of substance use, and to leverage the harm reducing potentials of controlled use practices.","PeriodicalId":35813,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Drug Problems","volume":"49 1","pages":"339 - 355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42292753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Established Tables and Emergent Huddles: Exploring the Processes of Participation Associated With the Policy Changes to Opioid Pharmacotherapy Treatment in Australia in the Context of COVID-19 既定表格和紧急集合：探索新冠肺炎背景下澳大利亚阿片类药物治疗政策变化的参与过程

Contemporary Drug Problems Pub Date : 2022-09-08 DOI: 10.1177/00914509221123001

R. Mellor, M. Kearnes, K. Lancaster, L. McLauchlan, A. Ritter

{"title":"Established Tables and Emergent Huddles: Exploring the Processes of Participation Associated With the Policy Changes to Opioid Pharmacotherapy Treatment in Australia in the Context of COVID-19","authors":"R. Mellor, M. Kearnes, K. Lancaster, L. McLauchlan, A. Ritter","doi":"10.1177/00914509221123001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00914509221123001","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we document and analyze emergent participatory processes in drug policy, focusing on the relations between established modes of engagement and emergent participatory formats. We do this through analysis of a case example, attending to policy changes to opioid pharmacotherapy treatment in the context of COVID-19 in Australia. Semistructured interviews (n = 22) were undertaken between August 2020 and March 2021 with people closely involved in the recent policy changes and discussions surrounding opioid pharmacotherapy treatment in Australia. The analysis of the interview accounts followed work which has forged relational, co-productionist and materialist understandings of participation. Two figures of participation were encountered in the interview accounts: the tables of participation and the huddles of participation. The tables seemingly represented a standardized set of bureaucratic mechanisms for the inclusion of the “voices” of people who use drugs. The huddles emerged as a responsive and less coherent set of ad hoc participatory collectives in the context of rapid policy changes during COVID-19. Instead of viewing emergence as distinct from existing participatory formats, emergence was conceptualized ecologically in this article—that is in relation to established forms of participation. As the institutionally mandated tables served the basis for the emergent huddles of participation in this case study, it demonstrates that even the most foreclosed participatory structures can adapt and be responsive to evolving situations of need, perhaps also in ordinary times and not just in emergency conditions.","PeriodicalId":35813,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Drug Problems","volume":"49 1","pages":"385 - 404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45658355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fault/Lines: New Directions in Critical Drug Scholarship Inspired by the Work of David Moore and Colleagues 错/线：受David Moore及其同事工作的启发，批判药物研究的新方向

Contemporary Drug Problems Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/00914509221112730

Kate Seear, Kylie Valentine

引用次数: 1

Psychedelic Forum Member Preferences for Carer Experience and Consumption Behavior: Can “Trip Sitters” Help Inform Psychedelic Harm Reduction Services? 精神病论坛成员对护理体验和消费行为的偏好：“旅行保姆”能帮助告知减少精神病危害的服务吗？

Contemporary Drug Problems Pub Date : 2022-08-29 DOI: 10.1177/00914509221121420

Liam B. Engel, S. Thal, S. Bright

{"title":"Psychedelic Forum Member Preferences for Carer Experience and Consumption Behavior: Can “Trip Sitters” Help Inform Psychedelic Harm Reduction Services?","authors":"Liam B. Engel, S. Thal, S. Bright","doi":"10.1177/00914509221121420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00914509221121420","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is limited research on the provision of harm reduction services to people who use psychedelics. Little is known about provision of care to people consuming psychedelics outside of clinical trials. Methods: We investigated how people who used psychedelics discussed their preferences for care (or “trip sitting”) on two online forums: The Shroomery and DMT Nexus. A thematic analysis of the discussion was conducted to better understand consumer preferences for harm reduction services and resources. Results: We identified two key themes: experience and remote sitting. Forum participants valued trip sitters who had experienced psychedelic and other non-ordinary states of consciousness, who had knowledge of the health and medical industry, psychedelic literature and/or had previously cared for other psychedelic consumers. Forum participants also identified the value of consuming a psychedelic without somebody who was in their physical proximity, through communicating their plans to a remote trip sitter. The use of online tools was identified as a way to maximize the benefit of privacy while retaining carer benefits. Conclusion: Demand for trip sitters with lived psychedelic experience is likely influenced by stigma and empathy. Trip sitters who could relate to the effects of psychedelics assisted consumers in avoiding stigma while vulnerable under the effects of psychedelics. As such, psychedelic harm reduction services should be delivered by peers to ensure care maximizes the benefits of empathy. Psychedelic harm reduction services should consider how remote workers could be employed. There is a clear demand for remote psychedelic care services and to our knowledge this has not yet been explored.","PeriodicalId":35813,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Drug Problems","volume":"49 1","pages":"356 - 368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49376596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Part of Culture or Toxic Substance? Realities in Transition in Australian and Canadian Alcohol Policy Documents 是文化的一部分还是有毒物质?澳大利亚和加拿大酒精政策文件中的转型现实

Contemporary Drug Problems Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.1177/00914509221109667

H. Keane, D. Moore, K. Graham

{"title":"Part of Culture or Toxic Substance? Realities in Transition in Australian and Canadian Alcohol Policy Documents","authors":"H. Keane, D. Moore, K. Graham","doi":"10.1177/00914509221109667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00914509221109667","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes alcohol policy documents through the framework of ontological politics developed by science and technology studies theorists John Law and Annemarie Mol. Specifically, it analyzes seven Australian and Canadian documents from 2006 to 2020, focusing on different enactments of alcohol as a harm-producing substance that requires regulation. The article identifies and discusses two co-existing realities of alcohol enacted in these documents: (1) alcohol as part of culture, with benefits and harms manageable through the promotion of moderation; and (2) alcohol as an inherently harmful and toxic substance whatever its pattern of use. The enactment of alcohol as a toxic substance is supported by recent scientific knowledge, in particular the link between drinking and cancer. This second reality of alcohol as toxic is more prominent in the more recent documents; in particular, a transition from one dominant reality to another is clearly apparent in the changes from the 2006–2009 Australian national alcohol strategy to the 2019–2028 strategy. Changes in the dominant reality of alcohol enable or at least support certain policy initiatives while making others less possible and defensible. Focusing on the single reality of alcohol as inherently harmful to health and wellbeing reduces the options for preventing alcohol-related harms.","PeriodicalId":35813,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Drug Problems","volume":"49 1","pages":"405 - 418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42539469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

This is not Only a Question, But Also an Invitation; Are Infectious Disease Specialists "Choosing Wisely"? 这不仅是一个问题，也是一个邀请；传染病专家是否在 "明智选择"？

Contemporary Drug Problems Pub Date : 2022-06-13 eCollection Date: 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.36519/idcm.2022.151

Oğuz Abdullah Uyaroğlu, Ömrüm Uzun

引用次数: 0

Local Prohibitions on Marijuana: Factors Associated With Bans on Medical and Recreational Businesses 地方对大麻的禁令:与禁止医疗和娱乐业务相关的因素

Contemporary Drug Problems Pub Date : 2022-06-07 DOI: 10.1177/00914509221105285

David M. Yaskewich

{"title":"Local Prohibitions on Marijuana: Factors Associated With Bans on Medical and Recreational Businesses","authors":"David M. Yaskewich","doi":"10.1177/00914509221105285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00914509221105285","url":null,"abstract":"Marijuana legalization in U.S. states has introduced new regulatory processes, which allow for some degree of local authority. A common provision in state laws has provided a local option, which enables municipalities to prohibit commercial cannabis facilities within their borders. This paper examined potential determinants of prohibition decisions, with an emphasis on community and local government characteristics. Using a multivariate logistic regression model, determinants of local decisions to prohibit cannabis businesses in Michigan were analyzed. A unique feature of Michigan’s approach to legalization included separate local options to opt into medical marijuana and opt out of recreational marijuana. The results found that both community and local government characteristics explain variation in prohibitions on marijuana businesses. In general, local governments were more tolerant of marijuana businesses in areas with lower densities of senior citizens and higher densities of Black residents. However, the effects of some determinants varied based on whether the decision was to allow medical or recreational marijuana. Higher income areas were more likely to opt out of recreational marijuana, but they were no different from other areas on the likelihood of opting into medical marijuana. Prohibition decisions also were affected by local government characteristics, such as the number of members on city council, female representation, and having a council-manager form of government.","PeriodicalId":35813,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Drug Problems","volume":"49 1","pages":"522 - 536"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41636699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Young People Who Use Drugs Views Toward the Power and Authority of Police Officers. 吸毒青年对警察权力和权威的看法

IF 2.3

Contemporary Drug Problems Pub Date : 2022-06-01 Epub Date: 2021-11-15 DOI: 10.1177/00914509211058989

Alissa Greer, Marion Selfridge, Tara Marie Watson, Scott Macdonald, Bernie Pauly

{"title":"Young People Who Use Drugs Views Toward the Power and Authority of Police Officers.","authors":"Alissa Greer, Marion Selfridge, Tara Marie Watson, Scott Macdonald, Bernie Pauly","doi":"10.1177/00914509211058989","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00914509211058989","url":null,"abstract":"Many young people who use drugs are structurally vulnerable to policing powers given the ongoing criminalization of drug possession. Police authority limits and the expression of that authority may play a significant role in police encounters among young people who use drugs. This qualitative study explores the views of young people who use drugs toward police power and authority in their recent encounters with police officers. Interviews were conducted with 38 young people who recently used illegal drugs in British Columbia, Canada. We found five interrelated themes related to perceptions of police authority: (1) skepticism and distrust toward authority; (2) paternalism and authority over drug use; (3) officer use of force; (4) police as power-hungry; and (5) officers above the law. Participants described police authority as limitless, unpredictable, untethered, easily abused, and lacking accountability. Participants feared holding police officers accountable to power abuses in a criminal justice system that they saw as stacked against them. Moving forward, institutional reforms may consider and account for the expression, limits, and use of police authority among young people who use drugs and other structurally vulnerable communities.","PeriodicalId":35813,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Drug Problems","volume":"49 1","pages":"170-191"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9021434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47850488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hybrid Governance in Online Drug Distribution 网上药品分销的混合治理

Contemporary Drug Problems Pub Date : 2022-05-18 DOI: 10.1177/00914509221101212

Kim Moeller

{"title":"Hybrid Governance in Online Drug Distribution","authors":"Kim Moeller","doi":"10.1177/00914509221101212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00914509221101212","url":null,"abstract":"A growing share of illicit drug dealing occurs on online platforms. Technological innovations, such as encryption and anonymous payments, have enabled new and more complex ways of organizing transactions. This conceptual essay advances the study of online drug dealing by describing how governance mechanisms from markets, networks, and hierarchies are combined to reduce transactional uncertainty. Based on published research, I argue that cryptomarkets and social media drug distribution prioritize prices, trust, and rules differently, and that this can be understood as hybrid governance. In cryptomarkets, networked reputation scores are important, but their reliability is interdependent of administrators’ sanctioning capacity. Similarly, the open advertisement of prices and products relies on the ability to expose fraudulent vendors. On social media, buyers prioritize easy access and fast delivery and characteristics of market governance, while hierarchical rules are absent, and networked reputations play only a small role. Existing typologies of drug dealing organization do not capture these combinations of governance mechanisms. Hybrid governance and the interdependence of several governance mechanisms better capture the empirical reality of new and emerging modes in online drug distribution.","PeriodicalId":35813,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Drug Problems","volume":"49 1","pages":"491 - 504"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47934840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Mitigating analyte to stable isotope labelled internal standard cross-signal contribution in quantitative liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. 减轻定量液相色谱-串联质谱法中分析物与稳定同位素标记内标交叉信号的影响。

IF 3.1

Contemporary Drug Problems Pub Date : 2022-04-26 eCollection Date: 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmsacl.2022.04.002

Mirjana Radovanovic, Graham Jones, Richard O Day, Peter Galettis, Ross L G Norris

{"title":"Mitigating analyte to stable isotope labelled internal standard cross-signal contribution in quantitative liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.","authors":"Mirjana Radovanovic, Graham Jones, Richard O Day, Peter Galettis, Ross L G Norris","doi":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2022.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmsacl.2022.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Utilising stable isotope labelled internal standards (SIL-IS) in quantitative LC-MS/MS drug analysis is the most widely used approach to normalise for variability during sample quantification processes. However, compounds containing atoms such as Sulphur, Chlorine or Bromine, could potentially cause cross-signal contribution to the SIL-IS from the naturally occurring isotopes, resulting in non-linear calibration curves. A simple, novel method of mitigating the effect is presented here. It entails monitoring of a less abundant SIL-IS isotope, as the precursor ion, of a mass that has no/minimal isotopic contribution from the analyte isotopes.Methods: Experiments were conducted on two LC-MS/MS analysers: Waters Xevo TQ-S and Shimadzu 8050. Flucloxacillin (FLX) was used as an example. Two transitions were selected for FLX (m/z 454 → 160 → 295) and one for each of the SIL-IS isotopes (m/z 458 → 160 for the isotope 457 g/mol and m/z 460 → 160 for the isotope 459 g/mol). Assay biases were assessed at three SIL-IS concentrations: 0.7, 7 and 14 mg/L for each isotope.Results: When using the SIL-IS isotope m/z 458 → 160 at a concentration of 0.7 mg/L, biases were up to 36.9 % on both instruments. Increasing the SIL-IS concentration to 14 mg/L, reduced the bias to 5.8 %. Using the less abundant isotope, m/z 460 → 160, resulted in biases of 13.9 % at an SIL-IS concentration of 0.7 mg/L.Conclusions: Applying this method will mitigate cross-signal contribution from the analyte isotopes to the corresponding SIL-IS, minimise the use of SIL-IS, and, thereby, reduce overall cost.","PeriodicalId":35813,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Drug Problems","volume":"25 1","pages":"57-64"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9065310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87027125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0