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The Impact of European Christian Imagery on Contemporary Orthodox Tewahedo Iconography in Eritrea 欧洲基督教意象对厄立特里亚当代东正教特瓦赫多肖像学的影响
Northeast African Studies Pub Date : 2020-08-20 DOI: 10.14321/nortafristud.19.2.0091
Yonatan Tewelde
{"title":"The Impact of European Christian Imagery on Contemporary Orthodox Tewahedo Iconography in Eritrea","authors":"Yonatan Tewelde","doi":"10.14321/nortafristud.19.2.0091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14321/nortafristud.19.2.0091","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:This article addresses the impact of modern European Christian imagery on the visual culture of the Orthodox Tewahedo Church of Eritrea, which has a long history of using illuminated manuscripts, paintings, and crosses as essential elements of worship and prayer. Tewahedo icons are characterized by brown- and black-skinned Christian figures and indigenized settings that narrate Evangelical and monastic scripture for devotees. This study highlights the domination of European white imagery in liturgical spheres in Eritrea and assesses the impact on the semiotic composition of locally produced paintings. Further, nuanced codes of race and skin color are analyzed in relation to connotations of good and evil. The semiotic analysis in this article also shows that European influences are more prevalent in religious paintings that depict recognized saints in Catholic Europe, in comparison to images of local monastic saints, whose depiction continues to mirror the visual metaphors and local myths of the Tigrinya people.","PeriodicalId":35635,"journal":{"name":"Northeast African Studies","volume":"19 1","pages":"110 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47828723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From Ethiopian Slave to Egyptian Ṣūfī Master? Yāqūt al-Ḥabashī in Mamluk and Ottoman Sources 从埃塞俄比亚奴隶到埃及人Ṣūfī主人?Yāqūt al-Ḥabashī在马穆鲁克和奥斯曼帝国的资料
Northeast African Studies Pub Date : 2020-02-08 DOI: 10.14321/nortafristud.19.1.0085
G. Cecere
{"title":"From Ethiopian Slave to Egyptian Ṣūfī Master? Yāqūt al-Ḥabashī in Mamluk and Ottoman Sources","authors":"G. Cecere","doi":"10.14321/nortafristud.19.1.0085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14321/nortafristud.19.1.0085","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Shaykh Yāqūt al-Ḥabashī (d. 732 ah/1332 ce) is a saintly figure from Mamluk times that is still highly revered in present-day Egypt. He is traditionally described as an Ethiopian slave who became a Ṣūfī master of the ṭarīqa Shādhiliyya in Alexandria. However, both his life and teachings are difficult to reconstruct, as he did not leave any written work and source information on him is fragmentary and inconsistent. This paper tries to shed light, if not on the shaykh’s biography, at least on the making of his hagiographic image, by means of comparative analysis of different biohagiographic traditions on him in Mamluk and Ottoman sources. This will hopefully help to better understand the formation of historical self-representations in the early Shādhiliyya, as well as to gain some fresh insights into social representations of slavery and phenotypic diversity in medieval Egypt.","PeriodicalId":35635,"journal":{"name":"Northeast African Studies","volume":"19 1","pages":"137 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48513126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Remarks on the Blacks in the Fatimid Army, Tenth–Twelfth Century CE 法蒂玛军队中的黑人述评(公元10 - 12世纪)
Northeast African Studies Pub Date : 2020-02-08 DOI: 10.14321/nortafristud.19.1.0023
Abbès Zouache
{"title":"Remarks on the Blacks in the Fatimid Army, Tenth–Twelfth Century CE","authors":"Abbès Zouache","doi":"10.14321/nortafristud.19.1.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14321/nortafristud.19.1.0023","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:In this article, I revisit some aspects of the organization of the Fatimid army, and more specifically to the role played by its black contingents, who are still often considered the most faithful supporters of the dynasty. Wherever they came from and regardless of their social and legal status, black soldiers, whose Egyptian-ness was indisputable, were major players in the history of the Fatimid Caliphate. Medieval authors, who sometimes conveyed negative representations linked with racial bias, and who are not necessarily accurate in dealing with other races, even acknowledged this role.","PeriodicalId":35635,"journal":{"name":"Northeast African Studies","volume":"19 1","pages":"23 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41882140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
From the Incoming Editor 来自即将上任的编辑
Northeast African Studies Pub Date : 2020-02-08 DOI: 10.14321/NORTAFRISTUD.19.1.000V
Jonathan Miran
{"title":"From the Incoming Editor","authors":"Jonathan Miran","doi":"10.14321/NORTAFRISTUD.19.1.000V","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14321/NORTAFRISTUD.19.1.000V","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35635,"journal":{"name":"Northeast African Studies","volume":"19 1","pages":"v - vii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43189570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Al-Ḥabasha in Miṣr and the End of the World: Early Islamic Egyptian Apocalypse Narratives Related to Abyssinia Al-Ḥ米语中的阿巴莎ṣr与世界末日：与阿比西尼亚相关的早期伊斯兰埃及启示录叙事
Northeast African Studies Pub Date : 2020-02-08 DOI: 10.14321/nortafristud.19.1.0009
Sobhi Bouderbala
{"title":"Al-Ḥabasha in Miṣr and the End of the World: Early Islamic Egyptian Apocalypse Narratives Related to Abyssinia","authors":"Sobhi Bouderbala","doi":"10.14321/nortafristud.19.1.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14321/nortafristud.19.1.0009","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:This paper deals with the representation of al-Ḥabasha (Abyssinia) in the apocalyptic texts written in early Islam and the importance of Egyptian scholars in the transmission of this material. The historical background of this literature and the political context of its writing shows a strong Yemeni influence, related to the struggle between the kingdoms of Ḥimyar and Axum in the sixth century CE. One could ask if Muslim sholars from Fustat, the new Islamic capital of Egypt, enacted a “coll ective memory” by borrowing apocalyptic material from Christian literature, as well as fragments from the pre-Islamic history of Yemen.","PeriodicalId":35635,"journal":{"name":"Northeast African Studies","volume":"19 1","pages":"22 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46620571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abyssinia at al-Azhar: Muslim Students from the Horn of Africa in Late Medieval Cairo 阿比西尼亚在爱资哈尔:中世纪晚期开罗来自非洲之角的穆斯林学生
Northeast African Studies Pub Date : 2020-02-08 DOI: 10.14321/nortafristud.19.1.0061
J. Loiseau
{"title":"Abyssinia at al-Azhar: Muslim Students from the Horn of Africa in Late Medieval Cairo","authors":"J. Loiseau","doi":"10.14321/nortafristud.19.1.0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14321/nortafristud.19.1.0061","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:At the end of the fifteenth century, Muslim students from the Horn of Africa would come to Cairo in their search for knowledge and to dwell in the venerable mosque of al-Azhar. They formed a significant community of foreign students in the Egyptian metropolis, to the extent that they enjoyed their own fraternity where they gathered along their fellow countrymen. The article investigates the gradual development in Cairo of a Muslim community originating from the Horn of Africa. It puts their sudden visibility in the context of the establishment of the first student fraternities in al-Azhar’s history. Finally, it questions their role in the growing connections between Egypt and the Horn of Africa in the later Middle Ages.","PeriodicalId":35635,"journal":{"name":"Northeast African Studies","volume":"19 1","pages":"61 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45257364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Back Matter 回到问题
Northeast African Studies Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14321/nortafristud.20.1-2.bm
{"title":"Back Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.14321/nortafristud.20.1-2.bm","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14321/nortafristud.20.1-2.bm","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35635,"journal":{"name":"Northeast African Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66951372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Stranger at the Feast Prohibition and Mediation in an Ethiopian Orthodox Christian Community by Tom Boylston (review) 《宴会上的陌生人》汤姆·博伊尔斯顿《埃塞俄比亚东正教社区的禁酒与调解》(书评)
Northeast African Studies Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.14321/nortafristud.19.2.0119
Sophia Dege-Müller
{"title":"The Stranger at the Feast Prohibition and Mediation in an Ethiopian Orthodox Christian Community by Tom Boylston (review)","authors":"Sophia Dege-Müller","doi":"10.14321/nortafristud.19.2.0119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14321/nortafristud.19.2.0119","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35635,"journal":{"name":"Northeast African Studies","volume":"19 1","pages":"119 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45368263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Children of Hope: The Odyssey of the Oromo Slaves from Ethiopia to South Africa by Sandra Rowoldt Shell (review) 《希望的孩子：奥罗莫奴隶从埃塞俄比亚到南非的奥德赛》，Sandra Rowoldt Shell著（评论）
Northeast African Studies Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.14321/nortafristud.19.2.0137
Alexander Meckelburg
{"title":"Children of Hope: The Odyssey of the Oromo Slaves from Ethiopia to South Africa by Sandra Rowoldt Shell (review)","authors":"Alexander Meckelburg","doi":"10.14321/nortafristud.19.2.0137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14321/nortafristud.19.2.0137","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35635,"journal":{"name":"Northeast African Studies","volume":"19 1","pages":"137 - 140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47805431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Horn of Africa since the 1960s: Local and International Politics Intertwined ed. by Aleksi Ylönen and Jan Záhořík (review) Aleksi Ylönen和Jan Záhořík主编的《20世纪60年代以来的非洲之角：地方和国际政治交织》（综述）
Northeast African Studies Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.14321/nortafristud.19.2.0141
Viktor Marsai
{"title":"The Horn of Africa since the 1960s: Local and International Politics Intertwined ed. by Aleksi Ylönen and Jan Záhořík (review)","authors":"Viktor Marsai","doi":"10.14321/nortafristud.19.2.0141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14321/nortafristud.19.2.0141","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35635,"journal":{"name":"Northeast African Studies","volume":"19 1","pages":"141 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46965898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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