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Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices最新文献

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Breaking of the electrooptic and dielectric tensor symmetries by space charge electric fields 空间电荷电场对电光和介电张量对称性的破坏
Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices Pub Date : 1992-05-22 DOI: 10.1364/pmed.1991.tuc11
G. Pauliat, P. Mathey, G. Roosen
{"title":"Breaking of the electrooptic and dielectric tensor symmetries by space charge electric fields","authors":"G. Pauliat, P. Mathey, G. Roosen","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1991.tuc11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.tuc11","url":null,"abstract":"The space charge electric field associated with a photorefractive grating generates deformations (through piezoelectricity) which in turn, modify both the electrooptic and dielectric constants. These modifications are of importance and must be taken into account1. For instance, in BaTiO3 samples the dielectric constant ϵ11, determined using spatially uniform applied electric fields, varies by a factor of two between clamped and unclamped crystals. Hereafter, we demonstrate that these differences are even more important for space charge electric fields because these non uniform fields induce strain components which are not produced by uniform fields. Therefore, the effective electrooptic coefficient can be different from zero in a configuration in which both the clamped and unclamped coefficients for uniform fields vanish.","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"27 11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116827726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Observation of the Photorefractive Effect in Semi-insulating CdS 半绝缘CdS光折变效应的观察
Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices Pub Date : 1992-05-22 DOI: 10.1364/pmed.1991.ma6
P. Tayebati, J. Kumar, D. Barman, S. Scott
{"title":"Observation of the Photorefractive Effect in Semi-insulating CdS","authors":"P. Tayebati, J. Kumar, D. Barman, S. Scott","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1991.ma6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.ma6","url":null,"abstract":"We report the first observation of the photorefractive effect in Cadmium sulfide. The maximum gain coefficient measured is 0.3 cm−1 at 633 nm. The response time is 1 ms at an intensity of 150 mW/cm2.","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127269094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Instabilities in photorefractive bidirectional ring oscillators 光折变双向环形振荡器的不稳定性
Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices Pub Date : 1992-05-22 DOI: 10.1364/pmed.1991.mb4
Q. He, S. Campbell, C. Gu, P. Yeh
{"title":"Instabilities in photorefractive bidirectional ring oscillators","authors":"Q. He, S. Campbell, C. Gu, P. Yeh","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1991.mb4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.mb4","url":null,"abstract":"Photorefractive bidirectional ring oscillation was demonstrated experimentally some time ago [1]. Recently, a theory for the bidirectional oscillation in photorefractive ring resonators was proposed [2]. Interesting properties, such as intensity thresholding effect, may find applications in the fields of optical computing and optical neural networks [3]. Although, the steady stade oscillations are undstood, the stability of those oscillations has not been addressed. In this paper we present the linear stability analysis of photorefractive bidirectional ring oscillation under mean-field approximation and experimental confirmation of unstable oscillations.","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"30 7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129067687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Parametric Oscillation in Photorefractive Crystals with Local Response in Unclosed Optical Cavities 非闭合光腔中具有局部响应的光折变晶体的参量振荡
Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices Pub Date : 1992-05-22 DOI: 10.1364/pmed.1991.wa6
A. Mazur, A. Novikov, S. Odulov, M. Soskin
{"title":"Parametric Oscillation in Photorefractive Crystals with Local Response in Unclosed Optical Cavities","authors":"A. Mazur, A. Novikov, S. Odulov, M. Soskin","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1991.wa6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.wa6","url":null,"abstract":"Steady-state coherent oscillation in the ring-loop and double-side mirror geometries is first observed and studied in media with local nonlinear response. The results of calculation are presented stating that the oscillation becomes possible providing two necessary conditions are met: the oscillation waves appear 1) misaligned with respect to strictly backward to pumps directions to restore the phase matching, and 2) they are shifted in frequency with respect to the pump waves. By appropriate choice of frequencies of two incident waves in double-side mirror geometry one of oscillating waves may be done a perfect conjugate replica of an input wave with limited spatial spectrum.","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131345483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High-Order Diffraction in Photorefractive Quantum Well Structures 光折变量子阱结构中的高阶衍射
Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices Pub Date : 1992-05-22 DOI: 10.1364/pmed.1991.ma7
Q. Wang, D. Nolte
{"title":"High-Order Diffraction in Photorefractive Quantum Well Structures","authors":"Q. Wang, D. Nolte","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1991.ma7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.ma7","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the high speed of semiconductor materials was combined with the large optical nonlinearity of the Franz-Kelydish effect near the quantum confined exciton absorption within semi-insulating multiple quantum well structures (SIMQW)[1]. The diffraction efficiency of four wave mixing obtained in the SIMQW with an optical interaction length of 1.05 µm is comparable with the diffraction efficiency for a semiconductor bulk sample with an optical interaction length of several mm operating under similar conditions. Thus, SIMQW become a ideal candidate to study the diffraction process in the Raman-Nath regime[2]. Here, we report two effects of the second order diffraction in a SIMQW sample under applied field: 1) the direct observation of a strong second order diffraction signal; 2) the intensity of the degenerate four wave mixing signal depends on the direction of applied field when the fringe spacing becomes large.","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124803747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Crystal noise limited holographic interferometry in BSO BSO中晶体噪声受限全息干涉测量
Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices Pub Date : 1992-05-22 DOI: 10.1364/pmed.1991.wa2
R. Troth, J. Dainty, S. Sochava, S. Stepanov
{"title":"Crystal noise limited holographic interferometry in BSO","authors":"R. Troth, J. Dainty, S. Sochava, S. Stepanov","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1991.wa2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.wa2","url":null,"abstract":"There are two geometries that are generally used for real-time interferometry, the four wave mixing (FWM)1,2 and two beam coupling (TBC)3,4 geometries. There is, however, a geometry which incorporates features of both FWM and TBC proposed by Petrov et.al.5 and it is this geometry which is easiest to implement and gives good results. In this geometry the anisotropic self diffraction properties of sillenite crystals such as Bi12(Ge, Si, Ti)O20 are used to produce a polarization rotation between the incident and diffracted beams. Thus if one of the above crystals is placed in the standard FWM orientation, with the [110] crystalographic direction in the plane of the incident beams, such that the axes of charge induced birefringence are at ±45° to the [001] direction (Fig.1), then the transmitted object (signal) beam can be cancelled by using two orthogonal polarizers placed in front of and behind the crystal. This enables the diffracted image to be isolated from the signal so reducing the effective noise in the output hologram. Rather good time-average and double exposure interferograms can be produced6,7, (Fig.2), with, however, a restriction on the size of the object that can be investigated, when the object is diffusely reflecting. In the case of the time-average interferogram shown in (Fig.2) the object was only 40 mm in diameter. The restriction on object size is partly due to geometrical considerations but is also strongly dependent on the noise and sensitivity characteristics of the crystal used. For this reason we present here an analysis of two samples of Bi12SiO20 (BSO) crystals grown in different laboratories, based on a simple theory for the determination of maximum viewable object size, from material considerations.","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114655449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Photorefractive and Photochromic Effects in Barium Titanate 钛酸钡的光折变和光致变色效应
Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices Pub Date : 1992-05-22 DOI: 10.1364/pmed.1991.wb6
M. H. Garrett, J. Chang, T. Pollak, H. Jenssen, C. Warde
{"title":"Photorefractive and Photochromic Effects in Barium Titanate","authors":"M. H. Garrett, J. Chang, T. Pollak, H. Jenssen, C. Warde","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1991.wb6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.wb6","url":null,"abstract":"Nominally undoped p-type BaTiO3 was grown that exhibits interesting intensity dependent photorefractive and photochromic properties. When its photochomism is activated the absorption increases at the activating wavelength and there is a concurrent and proportional reduction in photorefractive response time. Three photoactivated and thermally reversible absorption conditions and the difference spectra of the photochromic crystal are shown in Figure 1.","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121783846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
High sensitivity resonant photorefractive effect in semi-insulating CdZnTe/ZnTe multiple quantum wells 半绝缘CdZnTe/ZnTe多量子阱的高灵敏度共振光折变效应
Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices Pub Date : 1992-05-22 DOI: 10.1364/pmed.1991.mc1
A. Partovi, A. Glass, D. Olson, G. Zydzik, K. Short
{"title":"High sensitivity resonant photorefractive effect in semi-insulating CdZnTe/ZnTe multiple quantum wells","authors":"A. Partovi, A. Glass, D. Olson, G. Zydzik, K. Short","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1991.mc1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.mc1","url":null,"abstract":"Although the photorefractive sensitivity of the semiconductors is many orders of magnitude larger than the oxides, their small Pockels electro-optic coefficient has been a serious drawback. By taking advantage of the quadratic effects near the band-edge, nonlinearity and sensitivity of semiconductor photorefractivcs can be dramatically improved. Recently, two-beam-coupling gain coefficients of 16.3 cm−1 in GaAs [1] and 26.0 cm−1 in InP [2] have been reported near the band-edge. Quantum confinement of excitons in multiple quantum wells (MQWs) provides an additional enhancement of the resonant electro-optic nonlinearities. We have recently demonstrated how enhanced photorefractive sensitivity can be obtained in semi-insulting MQW devices [3]. These devices were made semi-insulting through ion-implantation to provide sufficient density of traps for the photorefractive process as well as relieving the need for any pixelation.","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"456 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124322747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Holographic Storage Capacity Estimate for Photorefractive Media 光折变介质全息存储容量估计
Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices Pub Date : 1992-05-22 DOI: 10.1364/pmed.1991.md4
G. Fredericks, A. Lahrichi, K. Johnson
{"title":"Holographic Storage Capacity Estimate for Photorefractive Media","authors":"G. Fredericks, A. Lahrichi, K. Johnson","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1991.md4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.md4","url":null,"abstract":"The practical limit on the storage capacity of photorefractive media is estimated for a given bit error rate and read out bandwidth.","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123180590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Perturbative Analysis of Higher Order Photorefractive Effect 高阶光折变效应的微扰分析
Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices Pub Date : 1992-05-22 DOI: 10.1364/pmed.1991.tuc17
R. Saxena, T. Chang
{"title":"Perturbative Analysis of Higher Order Photorefractive Effect","authors":"R. Saxena, T. Chang","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1991.tuc17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.tuc17","url":null,"abstract":"Analytic expressions are derived for second- and third-order photorefractive effect. The dependence on spatial frequency, applied field, and velocity of moving grating is examined.","PeriodicalId":355924,"journal":{"name":"Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices","volume":"505 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127597870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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