Ibero-American Seminar on Water & Drainage Networks (Seminario Iberoamericano en Redes de Agua y Drenaje) (SEREA) 2017 (Archive)最新文献

{"title":"Variabilidad espacio-temporal de la precipitación en Colombia durante eventos ENSO (Spatiotemporal Variability of the Precipitation in Colombia During ENSO Events)","authors":"Estefanía Navarro Monterroza, Sara C. Vieira, Paola A. Arias","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3113796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3113796","url":null,"abstract":"Spanish Abstract: Se analiza la posible influencia de las fases Canonica y Modoki del fenomeno El Nino-Oscilacion del Sur (ENSO) en la variabilidad espacio-temporal de la precipitacion en Colombia, a partir de registros de precipitacion de estaciones in situ que cubren el periodo 1970-2015 y de datos provenientes de registros satelitales disponibles a partir de 1998. Mediante indices de temperatura superficial del mar (TSM) asociados al fenomeno ENSO, se evaluan las anomalias de precipitacion por trimestre para cada tipo de evento, asi como correlaciones mensuales rezagadas entre cada indice y las anomalias de precipitacion. Se encuentra que cada uno de los eventos del fenomeno ENSO tiene influencia clara en el regimen de precipitacion para el trimestre Diciembre-Enero-Febrero. Durante los trimestres Junio-Julio-Agosto y Septiembre-Octubre-Noviembre, las correlaciones negativas ocurren en la zona norte y parte del area Andina, mientras que hacia el sur hay tendencia a correlaciones positivas durante estos eventos. La significancia de las correlaciones rezagadas muestra que hay influencia del fenomeno ENSO en la precipitacion, para un rezago de 0 hasta 6 meses. Este trabajo aporta a una mayor claridad sobre las variaciones de la distribucion de la precipitacion y la disponibilidad de agua en Colombia durante la ocurrencia de eventos ENSO, lo que es importante en la busqueda de un manejo mas eficiente del recurso hidrico y en particular, para la operacion de las redes de abastecimiento de agua en el pais. \u0000English Abstract: The possible influence of the canonical and Modoki phases of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the spatiotemporal variability of the precipitation in Colombia is analysed by using precipitation records from rain gauge dataset during the period 1970-2015, as well as records from satellite datasets available for the period 1998 to present. Based on sea surface temperature indexes associated with the ENSO phenomenon, we evaluated seasonal rainfall anomalies for each type of ENSO events, as well as monthly lagged correlation between ENSO indexes and precipitation anomalies. Results show that each of the ENSO events has clear influence on precipitation during winter. The negative correlations occur in the north and Andean area during summer and autumn, while the positive correlations are located in the south of the country. The statistical significance of lagged correlations shows that there is influence of ENSO phenomenon on precipitation for a lag of 0 up to 6 months. This paper provides new insights about variations of precipitation distribution and water availability in Colombia during ENSO events, which is important in order to acquire a more efficient management of water resources in the region, and in particular for the operation of the water networks in the country.","PeriodicalId":355415,"journal":{"name":"Ibero-American Seminar on Water & Drainage Networks (Seminario Iberoamericano en Redes de Agua y Drenaje) (SEREA) 2017 (Archive)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122416572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transiciones de Fases cristalinas en fotocatalizadores de TiO2-Fe al Incorporar el Fe en forma de Magnetita por Microondas (Transitions of Crystalline Phases and Photocatalysts of TiO2-Fe When Incorporating the Form in Magnetite by Microwave)","authors":"M. Villicaña-Méndez, M. Orozco–González, José Apolinar Cortés, M. G. Garnica-Romo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3113776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3113776","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Spanish Abstract:</b> La impurificación del TiO2 con metales de transición se realiza para modificar la captura de los electrones inhibiendo la recombinación de pares electrón-hueco durante el proceso de fotocatálisis entre otros. Las síntesis asistidas por microondas requieren un tiempo de reacción más corto y capaz de producir partículas pequeñas con una distribución de tamaño de partícula limitada logrando una elevada pureza. El presente trabajo es la síntesis y caracterización de catalizadores de TiO2 impurificados con hierro adicionado en distintas formas y bajas concentraciones: (Magnetita-Mineral, Magnetita-Nanométrica) utilizando un método asistido por microondas. Las síntesis de magnetita sobre el fotocatalizador, Sal de hierro. Todas desde 0.025-1.4245%) para ver el efecto sobre la cristalización de los catalizadores y la temperatura de transición de fases. Los catalizadores sintetizados se caracterizaron con Difracción de Rayos X, mostrando la presencia de fase cristalina Rutilo desde los 500°C independientemente de la forma y concentración en que se adicione el hierro; además, está la presencia de la fase Anatasa en los fotocatalizadores sin tratamiento; con 0.1 % de Fe se tiene una mayor cristalinidad y formación de fase Rutilo más Anatasa y con 1.42% de Fe desde 400°C se tiene la fase Rutilo y Anatasa. Se evaluó la Actividad Fotocatalítica sobre el AA9 a 20 ppm, el fotocatalizador sintetizado con 0.025% Fe la fotodegradación se presenta a los 600°C, con 0.1 % de Fe la mayor degradación es sin tratamiento térmico. <b>English Abstract:</b> The impurification of TiO2 with transition metals is done to modify the capture of the electrons inhibiting the recombination of electron-hollow pairs during the process of photocatalysis among others. Microwave-assisted synthesis requires a shorter reaction time and capable of producing small particles with a limited particle size distribution achieving high purity. The present work is the synthesis and characterization of TiO2 catalysts doped with iron added in different forms and low concentrations: (Magnetite-Mineral, Magnetite-Nanometric) using a microwave-assisted method, The synthesis of magnetite on the photocatalyst, Iron salt. All from 0.025-1.4245% to see the effect on the crystallization of the catalysts and the phase transition temperature. The catalysts synthesized were characterized with X-ray diffraction, showing the presence of Rutile crystalline phase from 500 ° C regardless of the form and concentration in which the iron is added; in addition, there is the presence of the Anatase phase in the photocatalysts without treatment; with 0.1% of Fe there is a greater crystallinity and formation of Rutile phase plus Anatase and with 1.42% of Fe from 400 ° C there is the Rutile and Anatase phase. The Photocatalytic Activity was evaluated on AA9 at 20 ppm, the photocatalyst synthesized with 0.025% Fe, the photodegradation is presented at 600 ° C, with 0.1% Fe the greatest degradation is ","PeriodicalId":355415,"journal":{"name":"Ibero-American Seminar on Water & Drainage Networks (Seminario Iberoamericano en Redes de Agua y Drenaje) (SEREA) 2017 (Archive)","volume":"21 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131687432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Análisis de la fiabilidad de un sistema de telecontrol frente a fallos accidentales o provocados (Analysis of the Reliability of a Remote Control System in Response to Accidental or Consequential Failures)","authors":"F. Martínez-Solano, Pedro L. Iglesias-Rey, Brayan J. Torres-Chazatar, Daniel Mora-Meliá","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3108124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3108124","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Spanish Abstract:</b> La comprensión, el análisis y el mejoramiento de los procesos relacionados con los abastecimientos urbanos se han convertido en uno de los principales objetivos de la mayoría de países a nivel mundial. El empleo de la telemedida y el telecontrol de las redes facilitan la operación de las mismas, dando respuestas eficaces a cambios en las circunstancias de funcionamiento. Hoy en día y sobre todo a raíz del resurgimiento de determinados grupos terroristas de carácter global ha crecido la preocupación por la seguridad frente a ataques. Una de las muchas medidas tomadas a tal efecto fue la aprobación de diversas normativas en las que se establecen medidas para la protección de las infraestructuras críticas. Todas estas normativas coinciden en incluir las infraestructuras hidráulicas (tanto de agua potable como de aguas residuales) en el catálogo de infraestructuras críticas. Los sistemas de telecontrol tienen como riesgo añadido la posibilidad de sufrir no solo fallos físicos, sino también ataques cibernéticos. Por todo ello, cualquier estrategia que permita establecer un sistema de control de la calidad de las señales recibidas supone una importante aportación al problema. Este trabajo pretende establecer una estrategia de control de las señales recibidas por el sistema de telecontrol de forma que ante un fallo fortuito o intencionado, éste sea detectado y corregido a tiempo. El trabajo se aplicará a una red de estudio ampliamente conocida como es el caso de la red de C-Town. Los resultados demuestran que es posible establecer mecanismos de control de los datos que permitan detectar anomalías con cierta celeridad y con un porcentaje de falsos negativos (anomalías no detectadas) muy bajo. <b>English Abstract:</b> Understanding, analyzing and improving processes related to urban supplies has become one of the main objectives of most countries worldwide. One of the main interests of these is the good use of the resource that is increasingly scarce, as well as protection of infrastructure and good control of subscribers' consumption. The use of telemetry and remote control of the networks facilitates the operation of the same, giving effective responses to changes in operating circumstances. Today, and especially as a result of the resurgence of certain terrorist groups of a global character, the concern for security against attacks has grown. One of the many measures taken to this end was the adoption of various regulations that establish measures for the protection of critical infrastructures. All these regulations agree to include hydraulic infrastructures (both drinking water and waste water) in the catalog of critical infrastructure. Remote control systems have the added risk of suffering not only physical failures but also cyberattacks. Therefore, any strategy that allows establishing a system of control of the quality of the received signals supposes an important contribution to the problem. This work tries to establish a","PeriodicalId":355415,"journal":{"name":"Ibero-American Seminar on Water & Drainage Networks (Seminario Iberoamericano en Redes de Agua y Drenaje) (SEREA) 2017 (Archive)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125519020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prueba de una metodología de localización de tanques de tormenta en sectores de las ciudades de Bogotá y Medellín (Test of a Methodology for Storm Tank Location in Sectors of Bogotá and Medellín Cities)","authors":"Karen Bustos, Juan Saldarriaga","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3113704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3113704","url":null,"abstract":"Spanish Abstract: Los sistemas de drenaje urbano son de gran importancia en el desarrollo del ciclo evolutivo urbano del agua, y tienen como objetivos principales evitar los daños que puedan ser causados a la infraestructura de las ciudades, por escorrentía, y, como complemento a esto, garantizar el normal desarrollo de las actividades humanas. A raíz de los problemas ocasionados, surgen los sistemas de drenaje urbano sostenible SUDS (por sus siglas en inglés: Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems), con el principal objetivo de proteger y mejorar la calidad del agua, evitar problemas de inundación en los centros urbanos, permitir la recarga de los acuíferos, y el desarrollo integral en zonas donde los sistemas de alcantarillado se encuentran saturados. En el desarrollo de esta investigación, se estudiaron las metodologías desarrolladas para la ubicación de tanques de tormenta con control hidráulico y sin control hidráulico OptSu y OptiTank, respectivamente, aplicándolas a las ciudades de Bogotá y de Medellín, en Colombia English Abstract: The urban drainage systems are important in the development of the urban evolutionary cycle of water, and have as main objectives to avoid damages that can be caused to the infrastructure of the cities by runoff and, as a complement to this, to guarantee the normal development of the human activities. As a result of the problems, sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) have emerged, with the main aim of protecting and improving water quality, avoiding flood problems in urban centers, recharge of aquifers and integral development in areas where sewage systems are saturated. In the development of this research, the methodologies developed for the location of storm tanks with hydraulic control and without hydraulic control OptSu and OptiTank, respectively, were applied to the cities of Bogotá and Medellín, in Colombia.","PeriodicalId":355415,"journal":{"name":"Ibero-American Seminar on Water & Drainage Networks (Seminario Iberoamericano en Redes de Agua y Drenaje) (SEREA) 2017 (Archive)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115995048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equação para o Método Iterativo do Gradiente Hidráulico Alternativo (MIGHA) na calibração do fator de atrito (Equation for the Alternative Hydraulic Gradient Iterative Method of the for the Friction Factor Calibration)","authors":"Alessandro Araújo Bezerra, Marco Aurelio Holanda de Castro, Renata Shirley de Andrade Araújo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3112953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3112953","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Portuguese Abstract:</b> Este trabalho tem por objetivo principal a apresentação de uma nova formulação para a calibração do fator de atrito da equação universal da perda de carga utilizando o Método Iterativo do Gradiente Hidráulico Alternativo (MIGHA) considerando, ainda, o cálculo da rugosidade absoluta pela equação de Swamee-Jain. Com o passar do tempo, devido ao envelhecimento das tubulações das redes de água, suas características, como rugosidades, se alteram, gerando dificuldades na análise, operação e manutenção das redes. O método foi aplicado, com auxílio do Epanet2.dll para as simulações hidráulicas, em uma rede fictícia. Foi testada a influência da rugosidade inicial adotada, do número de nós com dados de pressão conhecidos e da posição deles, além de trechos com vazões conhecidas. Para o teste da influência da rugosidade inicial foi desenvolvida uma sub-rotina computacional para calcular a rugosidade inicial mais adequada para cada trecho. Os resultados indicaram que o método é dependente da rugosidade inicial. Quanto maior o número de pressões conhecidas na rede, melhor é a precisão do método. Entretanto, uma boa disposição dos nós com pressões conhecidas se mostrou mais importante do que um número maior de dados. Dados de pressão são mais importantes que dados de vazão para a utilização do método. A melhor configuração encontrada para os nós com pressões conhecidas foi eles separados. O método se mostrou simples e com bons resultados. <b>English Abstract:</b> The main objective of this work is the presentation of a new formulation for the friction factor calibration of the universal equation of the head loss using the Alternative Hydraulic Gradient Iterative, considering also the calculation of the absolute roughness by the Swamee-Jain equation. Over time, due to the aging of the water distribution network pipes, its characteristics, such as roughness, change, generating difficulties in the analysis, operation and maintenance of the networks. The method was applied with the use of the Epanet2.dll library for the hydraulic simulations, in a fictitious network. The influence of the initial roughness adopted, the number of nodes with known pressure data and the position of this nodes, as well as sections with known flow rates, were tested. To test the influence of the initial roughness, a computational subroutine was developed with the purpose of calculating the most suitable initial roughness for each section. The results indicated that the method is quite dependent on the initial absolute roughness. The greater the number of known pressures in the distribution network, the better the method accuracy. However, a good arrangement of nodes with known pressures proved to be more important than a larger number of measured data. Pressure data is more important than flow data for method use. The best configuration found for nodes with known pressures was separated. The method was simple to apply and with good results.","PeriodicalId":355415,"journal":{"name":"Ibero-American Seminar on Water & Drainage Networks (Seminario Iberoamericano en Redes de Agua y Drenaje) (SEREA) 2017 (Archive)","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114850875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}