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Infant death resulting from sharing a cot with a 10-year-old boy. 与一名 10 岁男孩共用一张婴儿床导致婴儿死亡。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2020-07-23 DOI: 10.1177/0025817220930550
C Behera, M Chauhan, M Bijarnia
{"title":"Infant death resulting from sharing a cot with a 10-year-old boy.","authors":"C Behera, M Chauhan, M Bijarnia","doi":"10.1177/0025817220930550","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0025817220930550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An infant may die from unintentional suffocation if their exhausted, or inebriated or sedated mothers fall asleep while breast feeding or just sharing a bed and roll over on to them. The mother wakes up to find the baby dead in the morning. Diagnosis is complex due to minuscule autopsy findings and denial by parents about overlaying although it was accidental. Unusually, in this case, the baby was \"over layed\" by a young male child from the same family. The female baby was found listless next morning by her mother and died after three months of treatment. Death circumstances, non-sudden outcome, and unusual circumstances of overlaying the baby.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"54-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38182789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Palliative care and euthanasia: A Nepalese scenario. 姑息治疗和安乐死：尼泊尔的情况。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2021-10-04 DOI: 10.1177/00258172211042694
Alok Atreya, Anuska Khadka, Rakshya Arun Kandel
{"title":"Palliative care and euthanasia: A Nepalese scenario.","authors":"Alok Atreya, Anuska Khadka, Rakshya Arun Kandel","doi":"10.1177/00258172211042694","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172211042694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Palliative care, namely the relief of pain, is a priority for cases of incurable diseases in Nepal. However, since oral morphine is not available, pain control is often inadequate. Euthanasia is not permissible by law but could be a better solution in some cases and should be made understandable to patients and physicians as in developed countries. Should euthanasia be legal? If cheap and effective palliative care were easily accessible, most terminally ill Nepalese would avoid pressure to practise euthanasia because it is a cheaper option.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"20-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39483477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Legal changes to informed consent and application to clinical practice in surgery. 知情同意的法律变化及在外科临床实践中的应用。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.1177/00258172231184549
Marco Dalle Carbonare, Elizabeth A Gruber
{"title":"Legal changes to informed consent and application to clinical practice in surgery.","authors":"Marco Dalle Carbonare, Elizabeth A Gruber","doi":"10.1177/00258172231184549","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172231184549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For consent to be fully informed, it must be tailored to each patient, who must be appraised of alternative treatments (including that of no treatment) and informed of the material risks which an individual would wish to know and consider significant. This also includes Covid-19 related risks. Whilst surgeons had at times to offer sub-optimal treatments due to pressures caused by the pandemic, patients should still be given the choice to delay their treatment. Consent obtained remotely via digital technology must comply with the same requirements as in a face-to-face setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"46-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9752600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Medical termination of pregnancy: A global perspective and Indian scenario. 医疗终止妊娠：全球视角与印度情况。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-05 DOI: 10.1177/00258172231155317
Devendra Jadav, Daideepya C Bhargava, Vikas Meshram, Raghvendra S Shekhawat, Tanuj Kanchan
{"title":"Medical termination of pregnancy: A global perspective and Indian scenario.","authors":"Devendra Jadav, Daideepya C Bhargava, Vikas Meshram, Raghvendra S Shekhawat, Tanuj Kanchan","doi":"10.1177/00258172231155317","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172231155317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abortion has always been a vital issue in reproductive and legal medicine. Globally, medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) is allowed primarily on six grounds: (1) to save the life of a woman, (2) risk to the physical and mental health of a woman, (3) pregnancy due to rape or incest, (4) risk of a child being born with a serious fetal anomaly, (5) socio-economic reasons, (6) a woman's request. Most countries have standard legal abortion policies, yet there remains disparity with respect to prohibition, gestational age limit, specific grounds, etc. Abortion laws are constantly changing globally based on regional social and economic viewpoints. Recently, some countries have liberalised their abortion laws, while a few have further restricted theirs. While some countries still completely prohibit MTP. Like some others, India amended its MTP law in 2021. We consider the medico-legal and ethical issues and examine existing MTP laws both globally and as generally applied in India.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"34-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9247722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Demonstrating the expertise of an expert witness in the civil court: Use of a concise CV after the judgment in Re C. 在民事法庭上展示专家证人的专业知识：Re C.案判决后简明简历的使用
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2024-02-10 DOI: 10.1177/00258172231191343
Nicholas Todd
{"title":"Demonstrating the expertise of an expert witness in the civil court: Use of a concise CV after the judgment in <i>Re C</i>.","authors":"Nicholas Todd","doi":"10.1177/00258172231191343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00258172231191343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The suitability of an unregistered expert psychologist to give evidence to the Family Court was considered in <i>Re C</i> [2023] EWHC 345 (Fam). An important part of the judgment focused on the need for an expert witness to demonstrate, in a short, concise and relevant CV, why they have the expertise to give opinion evidence in the case. The judgment has important implications for experts in civil litigation, where the same issues arise. The case of <i>Re C</i> is reviewed and recommendations for a new format for part of expert reports provided in civil litigation are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"258172231191343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139716466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Glasgow Coma Scale: A disconnect between medical documentation and traumatic brain injury litigation in the United States. 格拉斯哥昏迷量表：美国医疗记录与脑外伤诉讼之间的脱节。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-17 DOI: 10.1177/00258172231161975
Nicole A Kelly, Rachel E Kelly, Ross P Berkeley
{"title":"The Glasgow Coma Scale: A disconnect between medical documentation and traumatic brain injury litigation in the United States.","authors":"Nicole A Kelly, Rachel E Kelly, Ross P Berkeley","doi":"10.1177/00258172231161975","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172231161975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traumatic brain injuries are consistently difficult to objectively measure. This creates significant challenges for medical and legal practitioners who each apply the Glasgow Coma Scale-based traumatic brain injury severity classifications of \"mild\", \"moderate\" and \"severe\". It can be difficult to medically define an often-subjective traumatic brain injury, where the law requires objective evidence of injuries. This descriptive review aims to elucidate the intended purpose of the Glasgow Coma Scale in traumatic brain injury assessment by doctors and attorneys. We highlight two different Glasgow Coma Scale uses, demonstrating a disconnect between the clinical traumatic brain injury adjectival classifications used in medicine and law. The Glasgow Coma Scale-based adjectival traumatic brain injury classifications create a diagnostic label which can affect a patient long after their initial medical assessment, representing a de facto diagnosis to the legal profession which may affect a patient's potential legal financial recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"175-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9364755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What are the precise reasons for the disparity in referrals to fitness to practise between international and UK medical graduates? 国际医学毕业生和英国医学毕业生在推荐适合执业方面存在差异的确切原因是什么？
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.1177/00258172231184551
Vedamurthy Adhiyaman, Peter Hobson, Radha Sundaram, Llinos Williams
{"title":"What are the precise reasons for the disparity in referrals to fitness to practise between international and UK medical graduates?","authors":"Vedamurthy Adhiyaman, Peter Hobson, Radha Sundaram, Llinos Williams","doi":"10.1177/00258172231184551","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172231184551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the study: </strong>To discover the precise reasons for referring a doctor to the Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service, and whether there are any disparities between referrals of international medical graduates and UK graduates. Further to consider whether understanding the precise reasons would provide insight into the nature of referrals.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>We collected and analysed the data from the Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service website over a period of 12 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 228 cases of which 142 (62%) were international medical graduates and 86 (38%) were UK graduates. More international medical graduates were referred for professional misconduct, poor performance and lack of adequate English language. The common reasons for professional misconduct were providing sub-optimal care, sexual misconduct and dishonest behaviour. More UK graduates were referred following convictions due to offences related to alcohol intake and financial dishonesty. There is paucity of good quality information to identify the exact reasons for the disparity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More international medical graduates were referred to the Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service than UK graduates. There was disparity in the nature of the referrals and we hope our findings will inform employers and the regulatory bodies to understand that comprehensive induction, inclusion, mentoring and adjustments are needed to support international medical graduates to mitigate the risks of failure and help them to meet the required professional standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"198-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41150762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Artificial intelligence in medicine - is too much transparency a good thing? 医学中的人工智能--太透明是好事吗？
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-19 DOI: 10.1177/00258172221141243
Paul Nolan
{"title":"Artificial intelligence in medicine - is too much transparency a good thing?","authors":"Paul Nolan","doi":"10.1177/00258172221141243","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172221141243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Some encouraging uses for AI in medicine will lead to potentially novel legal liability issues. Complex algorithms involve an opacity that creates problems for the medical and legal professions alike. As iatrogenic injury is common in medical malpractice, the medical profession is understandably concerned when AI is introduced in diagnostic and therapeutic devices and events and outcome cannot be fully explained due to the \"black box\" effect.A concern about machine learning algorithms is the black box issue and understanding how conclusions or outcomes are reached. The deployment of AI devices in healthcare will require an increase in a clinician's understanding of AI to increase the transparency of their use.An important aspect of medical treatment is the notion of \"therapeutic privilege\". This will only arise in limited circumstances and requires the clinician to make a judgment, based on reasonable grounds, that the patient's physical or mental health might be seriously harmed by providing the information.Given the complexity of AI and the black box effect, could too much AI transparency possibly overwhelm a patient, such that it may dissuade them from giving consent in circumstances where treatment is necessary and essential? In other words, too much AI transparency and information may inadvertently hinder treatment and progress.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"193-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10556326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Analysis of smiling photograph; Operation US-Bangla Air Crash. 微笑照片分析；美国-孟加拉空难行动。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-05 DOI: 10.1177/00258172231151782
Samarika Dahal, Nitin K Agrawal, Gopal K Chaudhary, Mani R Maharjan, Eugen D Walung, Tulsi Kadel
{"title":"Analysis of smiling photograph; Operation US-Bangla Air Crash.","authors":"Samarika Dahal, Nitin K Agrawal, Gopal K Chaudhary, Mani R Maharjan, Eugen D Walung, Tulsi Kadel","doi":"10.1177/00258172231151782","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172231151782","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human identification may be difficult when there is no antemortem data available. A photograph of the deceased may be valuable in such cases. Digital advancement and inclusion in the lives of ordinary people makes it easier to retrieve clear, high-resolution photos from social media accounts and other places. This paper describes three cases of forensic dental identification from a US-Bangla plane crash in Nepal in which a charred body was positively identified from a smiling photograph provided by the deceased's family. Each case is unique and their identification rests on the availability of pre- and post-mortem information. Thus, the number of concordant points may vary from single to multiple; there is no defined criteria for minimum number of concordance for a positive dental identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"231-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9247717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sexual harassment in the medical, legal workplace and beyond; by Eleanor Jane Turner and Diana Brahams. 医疗、法律工作场所及其他场所的性骚扰；埃莉诺·简·特纳和戴安娜·布拉汉姆。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.1177/00258172231194926
Eleanor Jane Turner, Diana Brahams
{"title":"Sexual harassment in the medical, legal workplace and beyond; by Eleanor Jane Turner and Diana Brahams.","authors":"Eleanor Jane Turner, Diana Brahams","doi":"10.1177/00258172231194926","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172231194926","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"171-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41131401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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