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Geriatric suicides and the burden of chronic diseases - a retrospective evaluation of suicides in a specific, well-described population. 老年自杀和慢性病负担——对特定、描述良好的人群中自杀的回顾性评估。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-16 DOI: 10.1177/00258172251328808
Eduard P Drima, Camelia D Vrabie
{"title":"Geriatric suicides and the burden of chronic diseases - a retrospective evaluation of suicides in a specific, well-described population.","authors":"Eduard P Drima, Camelia D Vrabie","doi":"10.1177/00258172251328808","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172251328808","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Geriatric suicide has specific characteristics that are not always clear. Our objective was to assess the characteristics of geriatric suicides at a precise moment in time, in a well-described population living in a particular geographic area (year 2003, Galatzi county, Romania).A unique, significant increase in all-ages suicide rates was observed in 2003. Geriatric suicide rates followed a different pattern. The local rate was significantly higher than the national one for two consecutive years (2003 and 2004). The difference between years was not significant. All suicide scenes were fully investigated by forensic teams. Medical history, chronic use of medication, heavy alcohol consumption, chronic pain, frailty and recent grief were mentioned in the history of most of the cases. The post-mortem histopathology findings were typical for the method of suicide used and similar for both analysed years. 75% of cases had a high burden of chronic diseases (≥3 histopathological diagnoses per subject). Only 32% of cases had a clear psychiatric diagnosis. The low number of cases (71) and the absence of a control group precluded us from drawing more specific assumptions.Our findings support the idea that, in geriatric competent subjects, the proportion of subjects bearing a heavy burden of chronic diseases will impact the suicide rate more than psychiatric conditions even for elderly people living in an area where there is a strong culture against suicide.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"190-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Incidentally detected cavernous haemangioma of the liver on autopsy of a middle-aged male. 在一名中年男性的尸检中偶然发现了肝脏海绵状血管瘤。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-09 DOI: 10.1177/00258172251323742
Erna Ahsan, Ravi H Phulware, Gayathri Saravanan, B Bhartendu, Arvind Kumar
{"title":"Incidentally detected cavernous haemangioma of the liver on autopsy of a middle-aged male.","authors":"Erna Ahsan, Ravi H Phulware, Gayathri Saravanan, B Bhartendu, Arvind Kumar","doi":"10.1177/00258172251323742","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172251323742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cavernous haemangioma of the liver is a common benign vascular lesion, frequently asymptomatic and identified incidentally through imaging techniques. However, its identification during autopsy is uncommon. This report describes a 33-year-old male diagnosed with an incidental cavernous haemangioma of the liver identified during a post-mortem examination. The patient exhibited no previous history of liver disease or symptoms indicative of hepatic pathology. The gross examination identified an ill-defined, dark red, spongy lesion in the hepatic parenchyma. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis, revealing dilated vascular channels lined by endothelial cells, with no indications of malignancy. The clinical significance of hepatic haemangiomas is associated with potential complications, including rupture, haemorrhage and Kasabach-Merritt syndrome, even though most cases remain asymptomatic. This case emphasises the significance of identifying incidental hepatic haemangiomas in post-mortem examinations and recognising their benign characteristics to prevent unnecessary interventions during life.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"233-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144805012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Malpractice outcomes of perioperative ischaemic optic neuropathy after nonocular surgery. 非眼手术后缺血性视神经病变围手术期的医疗事故结局。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1177/00258172251314742
Daniel Zhu, Paras P Shah, Hannah Yoo, Rebecca L Kellner, Helena M Li, Amanda Wong, Jonathan Guevara, Howard D Pomeranz
{"title":"Malpractice outcomes of perioperative ischaemic optic neuropathy after nonocular surgery.","authors":"Daniel Zhu, Paras P Shah, Hannah Yoo, Rebecca L Kellner, Helena M Li, Amanda Wong, Jonathan Guevara, Howard D Pomeranz","doi":"10.1177/00258172251314742","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172251314742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundPerioperative vision loss following nonocular surgery is a rare but devastating complication. It typically occurs following spinal, cardiac, or head and neck procedures with ischaemic optic neuropathy being the primary cause. Despite increased understanding of potential risk factors, such as prolonged prone positioning, anaemia and hypotension, the legal implications remain underexplored. This study investigates malpractice litigation outcomes related to perioperative ischaemic optic neuropathy in the US.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of US malpractice cases involving perioperative ischaemic optic neuropathy following nonocular surgeries using the Westlaw Database. Cases included only those with jury verdicts and settlements. Relevant data, including patient demographics, surgery performed, defendant specialties, verdicts and monetary awards were collected and analysed.Results12 cases were included. Most affected patients were males (83.3%) with a mean age of 52 years. Spinal surgery (50%) was the most common procedure, and anaesthesiology (75%) was the most commonly litigated specialty. In 75% of cases, the defence was successful; however, in 16.7% of cases, the plaintiff won, with an average inflation-adjusted award of US$4.8 million (in 2024 dollars).ConclusionMalpractice claims related to perioperative ischaemic optic neuropathy predominantly favour defendants, suggesting that this complication is often viewed as unpreventable. However, proactive risk mitigation strategies, such as optimised positioning and thorough informed consent procedures, remain crucial to improving patient care and minimising litigation risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"184-189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparing cerebral palsy costs: Private healthcare vs medico-legal claims in South Africa. 比较脑瘫的费用：南非的私人医疗保健与医疗法律索赔。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1177/00258172241287654
Gregory Whittaker
{"title":"Comparing cerebral palsy costs: Private healthcare vs medico-legal claims in South Africa.","authors":"Gregory Whittaker","doi":"10.1177/00258172241287654","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172241287654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study compares the costs of cerebral palsy healthcare in South Africa's private healthcare system with the lump sum compensation typically awarded in medico-legal claims. The analysis reveals that private healthcare costs for cerebral palsy, particularly within high-coverage benefit options, are significantly lower than the capitalised values awarded by South African courts. This suggests that the projections used in medico-legal claims may overestimate the true financial requirements for cerebral palsy care. The study advocates for evidence-based methodologies in medical expert witness assessments to ensure accurate and fair cost estimations, reducing discrepancies between private healthcare costs and medico-legal compensation.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"118-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fatal choking due to aspiration of roundworm during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. 腹腔镜胆囊切除术中吸入蛔虫导致致命窒息。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1177/00258172241304737
Shinto Devassy, Ravi Rautji, Asit R Mridha, Chittaranjan Behera
{"title":"Fatal choking due to aspiration of roundworm during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.","authors":"Shinto Devassy, Ravi Rautji, Asit R Mridha, Chittaranjan Behera","doi":"10.1177/00258172241304737","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172241304737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ascariasis is one of the most common parasitic infections in the world. The route of infection is faeco-oral and most occurs in areas with poor hygiene and sanitation. The most common helminth is <i>Ascaris lumbricoides</i>. In our case a 40-year-old female with ascariasis infection underwent an exploratory laparotomy in consequence of post-operative bleeding following a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Post extubation patient suffered cardiac arrest. At autopsy multiple roundworms were found in the oropharynx region, blocking the respiratory passage.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"166-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sudden death in a newborn from cerebral venous sinus thrombosis resulting from meningitis. 新生儿因脑膜炎导致脑静脉窦血栓形成而猝死。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1177/00258172241250193
Francesco Ventura, Martina Drommi, Rosario Barranco, Valerio G Vellone
{"title":"Sudden death in a newborn from cerebral venous sinus thrombosis resulting from meningitis.","authors":"Francesco Ventura, Martina Drommi, Rosario Barranco, Valerio G Vellone","doi":"10.1177/00258172241250193","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172241250193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Septic cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is a rare but often fatal complication caused by bacterial meningitis and paranasal sinusitis.We report a particular case of the sudden and unexpected death of a six-day-old infant from unrecognised acute meningitis that caused a thrombotic occlusion of the venous sinuses (with the particular involvement of the torcular Herophili at the confluence of sinuses) resulting in subdural haemorrhage.This case report alerts paediatricians and neonatologists to the importance of promptly considering a possible diagnosis of meningitis without delay to avoid the fatal complications described here. As in all cases of sudden infant death our case study underlines the need for a thorough autopsy, accompanied by histological analysis, in order to identify the causes of the underlying pathological mechanisms causing death and to ensure an adequate differential diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"147-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Who should be an expert in endoscopy? 谁应该是内窥镜专家？
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1177/00258172241311344
John F Mayberry, Affifa Farrukh
{"title":"Who should be an expert in endoscopy?","authors":"John F Mayberry, Affifa Farrukh","doi":"10.1177/00258172241311344","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172241311344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper addresses the fundamental legal question as to who can act as an expert witness when procedures are performed by a range of clinical professionals. Endoscopies are performed by gastroenterologists, surgeons, radiologists, nurses and physician associates. There is a growing tendency for defence teams to seek the court's approval for assessment by an expert from the same background. Such an approach needs to be rigorously rejected. All endoscopists undergo a common training program and their practice is monitored by the same body. To suggest that different standards should apply to different professional groups would seriously undermine the current training standards and the confidence of patients undergoing endoscopic procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"130-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143721712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Knife crime in adolescents in the United Kingdom. 英国青少年的持刀犯罪。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1177/00258172251348305
Eleanor Jane Turner, Diana Brahams
{"title":"Knife crime in adolescents in the United Kingdom.","authors":"Eleanor Jane Turner, Diana Brahams","doi":"10.1177/00258172251348305","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172251348305","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"115-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144883821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The interrelation of medical science and law in the administration and prevention of sexual offences. 医学和法律在性犯罪管理和预防中的相互关系。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1177/00258172251321248
Amit Bhaskar, G V Desikan
{"title":"The interrelation of medical science and law in the administration and prevention of sexual offences.","authors":"Amit Bhaskar, G V Desikan","doi":"10.1177/00258172251321248","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172251321248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sexual harassment has plagued humanity for centuries. Legal scholars, philosophers, and social scientists who attempt to address the problem need the support of medical, forensic and psychiatric professionals. Law and medicine must combine to deal effectively with sexual offenders and scientific evidence may help prevent sexual offences and recidivism. This article reviews the benefits of medical and forensic science, castration laws and pharmacological interventions, and analyses their interrelation with the law, globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"133-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144080977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fatal entrapment under a lift-up storage bed: Accidental death from positional asphyxia. 致命困在升降式储物床下：因体位性窒息而意外死亡。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1177/00258172241288010
Camilla Cecannecchia, Stefania De Simone, Simona Vittorio, Benedetta Baldari, Luigi Cipolloni, Andrea Cioffi
{"title":"Fatal entrapment under a lift-up storage bed: Accidental death from positional asphyxia.","authors":"Camilla Cecannecchia, Stefania De Simone, Simona Vittorio, Benedetta Baldari, Luigi Cipolloni, Andrea Cioffi","doi":"10.1177/00258172241288010","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172241288010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Positional or postural asphyxia results in a violent asphyxial death when the body (e.g. neck and/or chest) suffers kinking of the airway and obstructed normal gas exchange. Accidental deaths from positional asphyxia are poorly described in the literature. They are more common in infants unable to break free from the restraint position. We present a case of an 85-year-old woman discovered trapped with her neck compressed under a lift-up bed storage. The death scene investigation, the medical history of the subject, and the post-mortem findings enabled the cause of the death to be ascribed to accidental positional mechanical asphyxia.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"157-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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