{"title":"Our Changing World","authors":"","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-8950-2.ch002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8950-2.ch002","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 has dramatically changed our world in terms of telework specifically and remote life in general. We are still learning new things about balancing family and work; trustworthiness, performance, and accountability issues; important changes and discoveries about the way the world goes to work; and discussions of the dynamic ways people communicate. This chapter examines reasons for resistance to telework to shed light on how COVID-19 has changed us. The discussion that follows centers on qualitative interviews concerning telework, an evaluation of employee engagement now and in the future, and ideas and actions that should prove helpful to organizations. Analyzing the interviews reveals several common threads: distractions, fatigue, accountability, communication, productivity, technology, coping, work hours, resources, and plan approaches.","PeriodicalId":355045,"journal":{"name":"Analyzing Telework, Trustworthiness, and Performance Using Leader-Member Exchange","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121869931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Future","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvc77mfx.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvc77mfx.10","url":null,"abstract":"This book addresses understanding of and solutions to teleworking, trustworthiness, and performance issues. Overall, it suggests using a strategic approach that encourages participation and that is required to achieve, understand, and build buy-in for teleworking. The organizationally sanctioned program must exist. The use of LMX is beneficial in exploring the factors that contribute to motivating the target audience: employees. A culture of self-motivation is necessary to empower employees, but there must also be a culture of enforcement when needed. Finally, buy-in at all levels of the organizations is crucial to the success of a telework program. The parts of the strategic approach mentioned here will be enhanced with the resources provided in this book: how to develop leaders, motivating employees, increasing productivity, using EI, managing radical change, and learning from the research provided. Viewed through the lens of a management context, these components make the recommended strategic approach possible and can deliver an effective framework for results.","PeriodicalId":355045,"journal":{"name":"Analyzing Telework, Trustworthiness, and Performance Using Leader-Member Exchange","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114542250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Teleworking","authors":"","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-8950-2.ch001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8950-2.ch001","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines teleworking and the important relationships that must be created and/or nurtured in successful organizations. The chapter also highlights teleworking best practices of communication, flexibility, standards, and team building. Communication requires managing both face-to-face and online situations, while flexibility helps in achieving work-life balance. Standards are required to build effective, collaborative relationships, and team building is enhanced when organizations can adjust to new or distributed operations. The best practices are driven by a set of rules for operating that should be developed collaboratively with all members of the team. Clear rules that are combined with supervisor and employee shared understanding should lead to success. To achieve that success, organizations must focus on the assumptions, approaches, personal vs. professional issues, e-leadership, and modeling discussed herein.","PeriodicalId":355045,"journal":{"name":"Analyzing Telework, Trustworthiness, and Performance Using Leader-Member Exchange","volume":"196 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124372607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"LMX Theory","authors":"","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-8950-2.ch003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8950-2.ch003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter develops the background and use of a basic principle for the entire book: LMX. Defined in the introduction, LMX is a relationship-based approach for managing teams. It drives leader effectiveness through developing dyadic relationships with members, and even using these dyads to build effective groups. Leaders measure the dyadic relationships in terms of the level of loyalty, support, respect, and trust. The leader treats each member as a unique individual as a singular relationship is built. In role making, leaders tend to put people into groups: in-group or out-group. LMX is a powerful way to create and nurture relationships between the leader and each member supervised. It shines the light on leadership communication and demonstrates how trust, respect, and loyalty can improve work relationships.","PeriodicalId":355045,"journal":{"name":"Analyzing Telework, Trustworthiness, and Performance Using Leader-Member Exchange","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130093134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Teleworking Research","authors":"","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-8950-2.ch011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8950-2.ch011","url":null,"abstract":"A March 2021 survey is used to consider three hypotheses relating to working adults. Hypothesis 1 is that teleworking perceptions of leaders and employees are related in terms of promoting increased trust and improved performance. Hypothesis 2 is that a structured plan with associated resources to sustain long-term telework situations will be positively associated with program effectiveness. Hypothesis 3 is that a structured plan with associated resources to sustain long-term telework situations will be positively associated with improved performance. Presidents/CEOs (67%), upper managers (80%), and mid-level managers (75%) believe there is daily telework accountability, but the level of belief is different for those who are subordinate to them. Just 55% and 29% of supervisors and employees, respectively, share that belief. These differing viewpoints can make it difficult to manage the kind of work environment and work relationship issues that are crucial in addressing a pandemic or other crisis. In the search for shared understanding, one path to success is rules-based trust.","PeriodicalId":355045,"journal":{"name":"Analyzing Telework, Trustworthiness, and Performance Using Leader-Member Exchange","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114273397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emotional Intelligence (EI)","authors":"","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-8950-2.ch009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8950-2.ch009","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter evaluates EI research, introduces the concept of engaged interaction, and explains how leaders can use EI for self-improvement. Goleman describes EI as a manager's ability to recognize the emotions in self and others. The manager then uses this information to make improvements in self-management and relationships with others. EI leads people to gain awareness by recognizing personal emotions and the emotions of others. This creates an emotional state of consciousness where people use the information skillfully and intelligently in deliberate, purposeful decision-making activities. The concept of engaged interaction is achieved when all parties participate in flexible, full-range communication, making sure to listen, hear, and understand. This open and flexible communication must continue until interaction and shared understanding are achieved. Leaders can combine EI, engaged interaction, and strategic flexibility to improve operations and team building.","PeriodicalId":355045,"journal":{"name":"Analyzing Telework, Trustworthiness, and Performance Using Leader-Member Exchange","volume":"36 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116495384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recommended Approaches","authors":"","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-8950-2.ch012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8950-2.ch012","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter looks at several approaches to improving teleworking through increased trustworthiness and performance. Any combination of these methods should be beneficial. Some of the methods deal with analyzing LMX and improving its use. One of the ways to do that is to mitigate “distance” in LMX. “Distance” is a disconnect in the work relationship at times that are important. It concerns accomplishments that are crucial to recognition and promotion. Organizations need collective agreements that guide teams and foster shared understanding, collaboration, and innovation. Another valuable approach is an asynchronous one with work characterized by flexibility. Asynchronized working creates a situation where employees work a schedule without fixed hours. This is said to promote constant feedback and deep-thinking by freeing employees to manage necessary contacts with managers and other employees while self-managing their work-life balance in the process. The need for meetings is minimized and, when meetings are necessary, they may be more effective if they allow participant flexibility.","PeriodicalId":355045,"journal":{"name":"Analyzing Telework, Trustworthiness, and Performance Using Leader-Member Exchange","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128410020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}