{"title":"Unconditionally stable explicit exponential methods for the Klein–Gordon–Schrödinger equations","authors":"Lijie Mei , Xiangqing Liu , Yaolin Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we present a framework to derive unconditionally stable explicit exponential methods for the coupled Klein–Gordon–Schrödinger (KGS) equations. The approach is based on the Hamiltonian or operator splitting. By splitting the KGS equations into three independently linear equations and solving these equations exactly with exponential methods after suitable spatial discretization, two kinds of explicit exponential methods are obtained, which could be of any order accuracy in time. It is proved that the proposed methods are time-symmetric, unconditionally stable, and mass-preserving. In particular, the derived Hamiltonian-splitting methods are symplectic and thus nearly preserve the energy. The convergence of the second-order (in time) methods is also proved. Moreover, we present a fast implementation with the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) technique once periodic boundary conditions are prescribed for the KGS equations. Finally, 1D and 2D KGS equations are tested with the second-order and fourth-order (in time) methods. Numerical results demonstrate the high efficiency, unconditional stability with the independence of the mesh ratio, good energy and mass conservation, and applicability of large time stepsizes of the methods proposed in this paper.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Physics","volume":"533 ","pages":"Article 113993"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143814975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fully-discrete nonlinearly-stable flux reconstruction methods for compressible flows","authors":"Carolyn M.V. Pethrick, Siva Nadarajah","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A fully-discrete, nonlinearly-stable flux reconstruction (FD-NSFR) scheme is developed, which ensures robustness through entropy stability in both space and time for high-order flux reconstruction schemes. We extend the entropy-stable flux reconstruction semidiscretization of Cicchino et al. <span><span>[1]</span></span>, <span><span>[2]</span></span>, <span><span>[3]</span></span> with the relaxation Runge Kutta method to construct the FD-NSFR scheme. We focus our study on entropy-stable flux reconstruction methods, which allow a larger time step size than discontinuous Galerkin. In this work, we develop an FD-NSFR scheme that prevents temporal numerical entropy change in the broken Sobolev norm if the governing equations admit a convex entropy function that can be expressed in inner-product form. For governing equations with a general convex numerical entropy function, we develop a method for implementing RRK in a flux reconstruction framework, where the semidiscrete entropy stability property is in the broken Sobolev norm. For such problems, temporal entropy change in the physical <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> norm is prevented. As a result, for general convex numerical entropy, the FD-NSFR scheme achieves fully-discrete entropy stability only when the DG correction function is employed. We use entropy-conserving and entropy-stable test cases for the Burgers', Euler, and Navier-Stokes equations to demonstrate that the FD-NSFR scheme prevents temporal numerical entropy change. The FD-NSFR scheme therefore improves robustness through an entropy stability property, while the flux reconstruction filter allows for larger time steps. We find that the FD-NSFR scheme is able to recover both integrated quantities and solution contours at a higher target time-step size than the semi-discretely entropy-stable scheme, suggesting a robustness advantage for low-Mach turbulence simulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Physics","volume":"533 ","pages":"Article 113984"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143814974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stability of instantaneous pressures in an Eulerian finite element method for moving boundary flow problems","authors":"Maxim Olshanskii , Henry von Wahl","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper focuses on identifying the cause and proposing a remedy for the problem of spurious pressure oscillations in a sharp-interface immersed boundary finite element method for incompressible flow problems in moving domains. The numerical method belongs to the class of Eulerian unfitted finite element methods. It employs a cutFEM discretization in space and a standard BDF time-stepping scheme, enabled by a discrete extension of the solution from the physical domain into the ambient space using ghost-penalty stabilization. To investigate the origin of spurious temporal pressure oscillations, we revisit a finite element stability analysis for the steady domain case and extend it to derive a stability estimate for the pressure in the <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>∞</mo></mrow></msup><mo>(</mo><msup><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo></math></span>-norm that is uniform with respect to discretization parameters. By identifying where the arguments fail in the context of a moving domain, we propose a variant of the method that ensures unconditional stability of the instantaneous pressure. As a result, the modified method eliminates spurious pressure oscillations. We also present extensive numerical studies aimed at illustrating our findings and exploring the effects of fluid viscosity, geometry approximation, mass conservation, discretization and stabilization parameters, and the choice of finite element spaces on the occurrence and magnitude of spurious temporal pressure oscillations. The results of the experiments demonstrate a significant improvement in the robustness and accuracy of the proposed method compared to existing approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Physics","volume":"533 ","pages":"Article 113983"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiang-Li Fang , Ping-Ping Wang , Zi-Fei Meng , Fu-Ren Ming , A-Man Zhang
{"title":"An accurate thermodynamic Riemann-SPH model for multiphase flows with applications in bubble dynamics","authors":"Xiang-Li Fang , Ping-Ping Wang , Zi-Fei Meng , Fu-Ren Ming , A-Man Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present work, an accurate thermodynamic Riemann-SPH model for multiphase flows is developed. This model considers the effect of the thermal diffusivity ratio on the transient heat transfer, and more importantly, the Riemann approximation is introduced to deal with the discontinuous temperature field. Through several one- and two-dimensional heat conduction benchmarks, the accuracy and convergence of the developed model are firstly validated by comparing with the results of conventional SPH heat conduction models and analytical solutions. Subsequently, based on the developed SPH model and considering the heat-fluid coupling effect, several cases of rising bubbles are simulated, and the influence of the initial fluid temperature on the kinematic properties of the rising bubble is investigated. On this basis, the thermodynamic Riemann-SPH model is further refined by developing a thermal radiation SPH model and considering the effect of strong fluid compressibility on the temperature field. Finally, using the refined model, the oscillation of the cavitation bubble is simulated, and the heat conduction and radiation process is analyzed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Physics","volume":"533 ","pages":"Article 113969"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143814978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Compact cell-based Compatible Discrete Operator diffusion scheme on Cartesian AMR mesh","authors":"A. Vergnaud , A. Lemoine , J. Breil","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper we investigate cell-based Compatible Discrete Operator (CDO) scheme for elliptic problems. These mimetic schemes rely on mixed potential degrees of freedom at the cells and flux degrees of freedom at the faces. In this paper, we propose a compact rewriting of this scheme by eliminating a large part of the degrees of freedom associated with the faces, which greatly reduces the size of the linear systems to be inverted and therefore the computational cost. For this, we take advantage of Cartesian AMR (Adaptive Mesh Refinement) meshes, for which the discrete CDO Hodge operator can be made diagonal almost everywhere. We also propose a formulation of general Robin-type boundary conditions for these cell-based CDO schemes, also valid in the presence of Immersed Boundaries with a cut-cell approach. The proposed scheme and its performances is validated through various test cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Physics","volume":"533 ","pages":"Article 113982"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143807378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lukas Lundgren , Christian Helanow , Jonathan Wiskandt , Inga Monika Koszalka , Josefin Ahlkrona
{"title":"A potential energy conserving finite element method for turbulent variable density flow: Application to glacier-fjord circulation","authors":"Lukas Lundgren , Christian Helanow , Jonathan Wiskandt , Inga Monika Koszalka , Josefin Ahlkrona","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We introduce a continuous Galerkin finite element discretization of the non-hydrostatic Boussinesq approximation of the Navier-Stokes equations, suitable for various applications such as coastal ocean dynamics and ice-ocean interactions, among others. In particular, we introduce a consistent modification of the gravity force term which enhances conservation properties for Galerkin methods without strictly enforcing the divergence-free condition. We show that this modification results in a sharp energy estimate, including both kinetic and potential energy. Additionally, we propose a new, symmetric, tensor-based viscosity operator that is especially suitable for modeling turbulence in stratified flow. The viscosity coefficients are constructed using a residual-based shock-capturing method and the method conserves angular momentum and dissipates kinetic energy. We validate our proposed method through numerical tests and use it to model the ocean circulation and basal melting beneath the ice tongue of the Ryder Glacier and the adjacent Sherard Osborn Fjord in two dimensions on a fully unstructured mesh. Our results compare favorably with a standard numerical ocean model, showing better resolved turbulent flow features and reduced artificial diffusion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Physics","volume":"533 ","pages":"Article 113981"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Li Luo , Qian Zhang , Haochen Liu , Jinpeng Zhang , Xiao-Ping Wang
{"title":"A numerical study of two-phase flows in complex domain with a generalized Navier slip and penetration boundary condition on permeable boundaries","authors":"Li Luo , Qian Zhang , Haochen Liu , Jinpeng Zhang , Xiao-Ping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A phase-field model consisting of the Cahn-Hilliard and Navier-Stokes equations with a generalized Navier slip and penetration boundary condition is proposed to simulate the behavior of two-phase flows through permeable surfaces. The proposed boundary condition is a generalization of the generalized Navier boundary condition to penetrable boundaries, enabling the simulation of significant scientific problems such as gas penetration through polymer films and oil filtration through porous materials. To address the challenges imposed by the new boundary condition to conventional numerical schemes, we develop a new numerical algorithm by using a finite element method that naturally incorporates the boundary condition into the weak formulation. The algorithm solves a semi-implicit system for the Cahn-Hilliard equation and a fully implicit system for the Navier-Stokes equations. Complex geometries required in the applications are handled by using body-conforming unstructured meshes. Furthermore, an adaptive mesh refinement strategy based on a gradient-jump error indicator is devised to accelerate the simulation process while obtaining a reliable solution on an optimally refined mesh. Extensive numerical experiments, including two practical applications, are conducted to validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach. The first application involves bubble penetration through a polymer film, encompassing processes such as bouncing, spreading, pinning, slipping, and penetrating. The numerical results show qualitative agreement with experimental results. In the second application, we examine the robustness of the algorithm by testing different physical parameters with high contrast for the displacement and infiltration of two-phase flows in a complex pore structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Physics","volume":"533 ","pages":"Article 113980"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhenming Wang , Jun Zhu , Yan Tan , Linlin Tian , Ning Zhao
{"title":"An extremum properties (EP)-based discontinuous sensor and hybrid weighted essentially non-oscillatory scheme on tetrahedral meshes","authors":"Zhenming Wang , Jun Zhu , Yan Tan , Linlin Tian , Ning Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high-order weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) schemes are widely used in practical engineering problems due to their excellent shock-capturing features, especially for unstructured meshes. However, its characteristic decomposition and nonlinear weights calculation process bring a lot of computational overhead. Therefore, a hybrid unequal-sized WENO (US-WENO) scheme is developed for hyperbolic conservation laws on tetrahedral meshes. Firstly, an extremum properties (EP)-based discontinuous sensor was designed according to the highest degree polynomial. This proposed discontinuous sensor does not depend on the specific problems and is well adapted to the tetrahedral unstructured meshes in this paper. Secondly, based on the developed EP-based sensor, a hybrid US-WENO scheme was proposed for the first time on three-dimensional unstructured meshes. This method can inherit the excellent features of the US-WENO scheme while improving computational efficiency by about 30% on the same mesh level. Finally, several classical examples are provided to verify the numerical accuracy, shock capture characteristics, and computational efficiency of the proposed method. Numerical results show that the presented method performs well and has a good engineering application prospect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Physics","volume":"533 ","pages":"Article 113979"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143807382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sequential infinite-dimensional Bayesian optimal experimental design with derivative-informed latent attention neural operator","authors":"Jinwoo Go, Peng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We develop a new computational framework to solve sequential Bayesian optimal experimental design (SBOED) problems constrained by large-scale partial differential equations with infinite-dimensional random parameters. We propose an adaptive terminal formulation of the optimality criterion for SBOED to achieve adaptive global optimality. We also establish an equivalent optimization formulation to achieve computational simplicity enabled by Laplace and low-rank approximations of the posterior. To accelerate the solution of the SBOED problem, we develop a derivative-informed latent attention neural operator (LANO), a new neural network surrogate model that leverages (1) derivative-informed dimension reduction for latent encoding, (2) an attention mechanism to capture the dynamics in the latent space, (3) an efficient training in the latent space augmented by projected Jacobian, which collectively leads to an efficient, accurate, and scalable surrogate in computing not only the parameter-to-observable (PtO) maps but also their Jacobians. We further develop the formulation for the computation of the MAP points, the eigenpairs, and the sampling from the posterior by LANO in the reduced spaces and use these computations to solve the SBOED problem. We demonstrate the superior accuracy of LANO compared to two other neural architectures and the high accuracy of LANO compared to the finite element method (FEM) for the computation of MAP points and eigenvalues in solving the SBOED problem with application to the experimental design of the time to take MRI images in monitoring tumor growth. We show that the proposed computational framework achieves an amortized 180× speed-up.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Physics","volume":"532 ","pages":"Article 113976"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An energy-stable parametric finite element approximation for axisymmetric Willmore flow of closed surfaces","authors":"Cuiling Ma, Xufeng Xiao, Xinlong Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we propose and analyze an energy-stable approximation for axisymmetric Willmore flow of closed surfaces. This approach extends the original work of Bao and Li <span><span>[4]</span></span> for the planar Willmore flow of curves. Through relations among various geometric quantities, we derive a system of equivalent geometric equations for the axisymmetric Willmore flow, including the evolution equations for the parameterization and mean curvature. The proposed method consists of the linear parametric finite element method in space and the backward Euler method in time. Furthermore, we prove that the fully discrete scheme is unconditionally energy-stable. The Newton-Raphson iteration method is adopted to solve the nonlinear system. Finally, numerical examples are presented to illustrate the efficiency and energy stability of the proposed method for Willmore flow in an axisymmetric setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Physics","volume":"533 ","pages":"Article 113977"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143807379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}