Кибернетика и программирование最新文献

Modification of the Marquardt method for training a neural network predictor in eddy viscosity models 涡流粘度模型中训练神经网络预测器的Marquardt方法的改进

Кибернетика и программирование Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.25136/2644-5522.2021.1.36059

V. V. Pekunov

{"title":"Modification of the Marquardt method for training a neural network predictor in eddy viscosity models","authors":"V. V. Pekunov","doi":"10.25136/2644-5522.2021.1.36059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2644-5522.2021.1.36059","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of this article is the numerical optimization techniques used in training neural networks that serve as predicate components in certain modern eddy viscosity models. Qualitative solution to the problem of training (minimization of the functional of neural network offsets) often requires significant computational costs, which necessitates to increase the speed of such training based on combination of numerical methods and parallelization of calculations. The Marquardt method draws particular interest, as it contains the parameter that allows speeding up the solution by switching the method from the descent away from the solution to the Newton’s method of approximate solution. The article offers modification of the Marquardt method, which uses the limited series of random samples for improving the current point and calculate the parameter of the method. The author demonstrate descent characteristics of the method in numerical experiments, both on the test functions of Himmelblau and Rosenbrock, as well as the actual task of training the neural network predictor applies in modeling of the turbulent flows. The use of this method may significantly speed up the training of neural network predictor in corrective models of eddy viscosity. The method is less time-consuming in comparison with random search, namely in terms of a small amount of compute kernels; however, it provides solution that is close to the result of random search and is better than the original Marquardt method.\u0000","PeriodicalId":351916,"journal":{"name":"Кибернетика и программирование","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124548837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improved CPU load balancing for numerical solution of the tasks of continuous medium mechanics complicated by chemical kinetics 改进的CPU负载平衡，用于化学动力学复杂连续介质力学任务的数值求解

Кибернетика и программирование Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.25136/2644-5522.2021.1.35101

V. V. Pekunov

{"title":"Improved CPU load balancing for numerical solution of the tasks of continuous medium mechanics complicated by chemical kinetics","authors":"V. V. Pekunov","doi":"10.25136/2644-5522.2021.1.35101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2644-5522.2021.1.35101","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article explores certain aspects of the process of numerical solution of the tasks of continuous medium mechanics in the conditions of ongoing chemical reactions. Such tasks are usually characterized by the presence of multiple local areas with elevated temperature, which position in space is relatively unstable. In such conditions, rigidly stable methods of integration with step control, which in the “elevated temperature” areas that have higher time input comparing to other areas. In terms of using geometric parallelism, this fact leads to substantial imbalance of CPU load, which reduces the overall effectiveness of parallelization. Therefore, this article examines the problem of CPU load balancing in the context of parallel solution of the aforementioned tasks. The other offers a new modification of the algorithm of large-block distributed balancing with improved time prediction of the numerical integration of chemical kinetics equations, which is most effective in the conditions of drift of the areas with “elevated temperatures”. The improvement consists in application of the linear perceptron, which analyzes several previous values of time integration (the basic version of the algorithm uses only one previous spot from the history of time integration). This allows working in the conditions of fast and slow drift of the areas with “elevated temperatures”. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated on the task of modeling the flow-around the building with high-temperature combustion on its roof. It is indicated that the application of modified algorithm increases the effectiveness of parallelization by 2.1% compared to the initial algorithm.\u0000","PeriodicalId":351916,"journal":{"name":"Кибернетика и программирование","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130864554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Walking robots for rescue operations: overview and analysis of the existing models 用于救援行动的行走机器人:对现有模型的概述和分析

Кибернетика и программирование Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.25136/2644-5522.2021.1.35862

V. A. Larkina

{"title":"Walking robots for rescue operations: overview and analysis of the existing models","authors":"V. A. Larkina","doi":"10.25136/2644-5522.2021.1.35862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2644-5522.2021.1.35862","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article explores the walking robots that are used or assist in nondeterministic environment, such as rescue operations. This required carrying out in-depth analysis of the existing models to acquire relevant information on the robots with walking mechanisms in accordance with several criteria: parameters, weight, degrees of freedom, speed of movement, input energy, runtime, maximum load, advantages and disadvantages of the reviewed models. Using the methods of comparative and critical analysis, the author analyzed the available materials for the past 5 years, which allowed accomplishing the set tasks. The results consist in compiling a summary table for largely generalized groups of walking robots and three tables for the models under review, which summarize their advantages and weaknesses. Such data would broaden the knowledge of the researchers dealing with the walking robots, analyze both national and foreign studies on the topic, apply this experience in further work, focus on solution of the problems, and emphasize the uniqueness and relevance of their developments. This article determines the peculiarities of utilization of walking robots specifically in rescue operations; however, the scope of their applicability can be broader. The author also describes the nontraditional locomotors of walking robots, which are widely known in media, video hosting, and other tools of receiving information.\u0000","PeriodicalId":351916,"journal":{"name":"Кибернетика и программирование","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132767789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Entropy estimation of the fragments of chest X-ray images 胸部x线图像碎片的熵估计

Кибернетика и программирование Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.25136/2644-5522.2021.1.31676

A. Rumyantsev, Farkhad Mansurovich Bikmuratov, N. Pashin

{"title":"Entropy estimation of the fragments of chest X-ray images","authors":"A. Rumyantsev, Farkhad Mansurovich Bikmuratov, N. Pashin","doi":"10.25136/2644-5522.2021.1.31676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2644-5522.2021.1.31676","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of this research is medical chest X-ray images. After fundamental pre-processing, the accumulated database of such images can be used for training deep convolutional neural networks that have become one of the most significant innovations in recent years. The trained network carries out preliminary binary classification of the incoming images and serve as an assistant to the radiotherapist. For this purpose, it is necessary to train the neural network to carefully minimize type I and type II errors. Possible approach towards improving the effectiveness of application of neural networks, by the criteria of reducing computational complexity and quality of image classification, is the auxiliary approaches: image pre-processing and preliminary calculation of entropy of the fragments. The article provides the algorithm for X-ray image pre-processing, its fragmentation, and calculation of the entropy of separate fragments. In the course of pre-processing, the region of lungs and spine is selected, which comprises approximately 30-40% of the entire image. Then the image is divided into the matrix of fragments, calculating the entropy of separate fragments in accordance with Shannon’s formula based pm the analysis of individual pixels. Determination of the rate of occurrence of each of the 255 colors allows calculating the total entropy. The use of entropy for detecting pathologies is based on the assumption that its values differ for separate fragments and overall picture of its distribution between the images with the norm and pathologies. The article analyzes the statistical values: standard deviation of error, dispersion. A fully connected neural network is used for determining the patterns in distribution of entropy and its statistical characteristics on various fragments of the chest X-ray image.\u0000","PeriodicalId":351916,"journal":{"name":"Кибернетика и программирование","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115506598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design of the database structure for software optimization of operation of the stochastic multiphase systems 随机多相系统运行软件优化数据库结构设计

Кибернетика и программирование Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.25136/2644-5522.2020.2.34099

I. Selishchev, S. A. Oleinikova

{"title":"Design of the database structure for software optimization of operation of the stochastic multiphase systems","authors":"I. Selishchev, S. A. Oleinikova","doi":"10.25136/2644-5522.2020.2.34099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2644-5522.2020.2.34099","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The object of this research is the service systems that receive a stream of requests on their input, which represents a range of mutually dependent operations of the “finish” – “start” type. The time of conducting separate operations is a random variable, and the delivery itself requires the use of one or several types of resources. It is suggested that there are timeframes for processing the request. The goal of this research is to develop the database structure that would allow storing information on the incoming projects, operations, mutual dependence, used resources and specialists. The design of logical structure of the database was carried out using the methodology “essence – link”, which determines the data values in the context of their correlation with other data. The analysis of specificity of the object of research revealed a range of requirements submitted in the database. Leaning on these requirements along with considering normalization of relations used in the theory of relational databases, the author designed the universal structure from the perspective of its application, support of the analysis of the scheduling process, and the entirety of peculiarities of the object of research. Such database structure can be used in different fields that allow decomposition of the project into multiple separate interdependent tasks, not requiring major modifications. The article provides the examples of using the database for information systems in construction sector, as well as for the development of IT projects.\u0000","PeriodicalId":351916,"journal":{"name":"Кибернетика и программирование","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114514207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simulation of the absorption of gaseous SO2 by fog droplets using a refined interpolation-sectional droplet model 用改进的插值-分段雾滴模型模拟雾滴对SO2气体的吸收

Кибернетика и программирование Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.25136/2644-5522.2020.2.33914

V. V. Pekunov

{"title":"Simulation of the absorption of gaseous SO2 by fog droplets using a refined interpolation-sectional droplet model","authors":"V. V. Pekunov","doi":"10.25136/2644-5522.2020.2.33914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2644-5522.2020.2.33914","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article examines the problem of numerical simulation of interaction between the gaseous sulfur dioxide emitted by road transport and fog in the conditions of high humidity. For this purpose, the author applies a multi-factor two-phase mathematical model, which takes into account the dynamics of turbulent main phase, dynamics and kinetics of the multi-sectional droplet phase, presence of thermal inconsistencies formed as a result of direct and diffused solar radiation in various ranges, diffusion of sulfur dioxide, and its absorption by the fog droplets. The article carries out a numerical calculation of the corresponding task within the modeling system of environmental processes AirEcology-P, which allows generating the optimal calculation code for a particular mathematical model. The proposed complex mathematical model that descries interaction between the emitted sulfur dioxide gas and the fog droplets is new; it specifies the calculation of the kinetics of droplet phase based on consideration of the additional factor of droplet fusion characteristic to fog. The submodel of the droplet phase was tested in the numerical simulation (the results were compared with the data of direct Lagrangian modeling of the composite of 1,000 droplets), indicating decent accuracy results. The article obtains the results of numerical simulation of interaction between the emitted SO2 and the droplets. The author demonstrates the self-cleaning ability of the atmosphere, the degree of which correlates with the initial concentration of the smallest droplets and the height from the surface.\u0000","PeriodicalId":351916,"journal":{"name":"Кибернетика и программирование","volume":"1993 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128628450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The calculation of thermodynamic functions for simulation model of the column string-emulsion reactor 柱串乳化反应器模拟模型热力学函数的计算

Кибернетика и программирование Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.25136/2644-5522.2020.2.34102

Сеченов Павел Александрович, Рыбенко Инна Анатольевна, Цымбал Валентин Павлович

{"title":"The calculation of thermodynamic functions for simulation model of the column string-emulsion reactor","authors":"Сеченов Павел Александрович, Рыбенко Инна Анатольевна, Цымбал Валентин Павлович","doi":"10.25136/2644-5522.2020.2.34102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2644-5522.2020.2.34102","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The simulation model of the column string-emulsion reactor previously suggested that the temperature does not change on the height of reactor and over time is consistent. The assessment of temperature changes in the reactor requires the knowledge on the amount of heat necessary to heat up the particles, absorbed or emitted in the course of chemical reactions, as well as the speed of heat transmission in space. The possibility of calculating these parameters for each floating particle in online regime is limited by the operating speed of the computer system. For accelerating the calculations, the author creates the database of these parameters for all substances involved in the reactions. In these circumstances, enthalpies and entropies were expressed in through the specific thermal capacity calculated based on the fifth degree polynomial. The coefficient values of the polynomial and phase transitions were taken from the reference books. The article provides an algorithm in form of the logic diagram for calculating the specific enthalpy of the particle. Based on the developed algorithm, the author creates the software that allows calculating thermodynamic functions. The interaction between the classes are demonstrated in the UML class diagram. The research presents the calculations of specific enthalpy and entropy for substances in the interval of temperatures of 298-1850 K. Variations of the values of enthalpy and entropy at the temperature of 1700 K compared to the reference values do not exceed 1.2 %.\u0000","PeriodicalId":351916,"journal":{"name":"Кибернетика и программирование","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123456093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Читалов Д.И., Калашников С.Т. Разработка графической оболочки для параллельных расчетов на базе платформы OpenFOAM 在OpenFOAM平台上开发并行计算图形外壳。

Кибернетика и программирование Pub Date : 2019-08-29 DOI: 10.25136/2644-5522.2019.4.29202

Читалов Дмитрий Иванович, Давыдов Леонид Владимироич

引用次数: 1

On-board information and control systems that automate the movement of vehicles in a column using the example of heavy vehicles 车载信息和控制系统，以重型车辆为例，使车辆在队列中自动移动

Кибернетика и программирование Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.25136/2306-4196.2019.2.21490

Tatiana V. Khronusova, A. Asanov, Maksim Anatolievich Nazarenko

{"title":"On-board information and control systems that automate the movement of vehicles in a column using the example of heavy vehicles","authors":"Tatiana V. Khronusova, A. Asanov, Maksim Anatolievich Nazarenko","doi":"10.25136/2306-4196.2019.2.21490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2306-4196.2019.2.21490","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of this article is on-board information control systems that ensure the movement of heavy vehicles in a convoy with the driver only in the first car, as well as cruise control systems, including adaptive and intelligent ones. The purpose of the article is the formation of the specified on-board system of a heavy truck, which includes both a set of algorithms and key functions that implement movement in a column, and a list of used categories of sensors. All considered functions are arranged hierarchically at three levels: strategic, tactical and operational. The study collected both theoretical and practical information provided by automakers, revealing the essential content of onboard information systems and cruise control. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that the model of intellectual cruise control has been improved, providing movement of heavy vehicles in a convoy, if there is a driver only in the first car. The proposed model includes the hierarchical architecture of the on-board information management system, key algorithms and sensors for its implementation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":351916,"journal":{"name":"Кибернетика и программирование","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128453432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Software Reliability definition in the modern information system structure 现代信息系统结构中软件可靠性的定义

Кибернетика и программирование Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.25136/2306-4196.2019.2.20341

A. V. Ponachugin

{"title":"Software Reliability definition in the modern information system structure","authors":"A. V. Ponachugin","doi":"10.25136/2306-4196.2019.2.20341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2306-4196.2019.2.20341","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of research is the use of modern approaches to determine aimed at improving the reliability of software security and quality of the information system. The object of research is a model determining the reliability of the software. The author examines in detail aspects such topics as: the use of a functional approach to the study of the reliability of the software component is the sum of the aggregate reliability to achieve each function block; Use a systematic approach to the study of the reliability of the software in the information system structure. Particular attention is paid to the comparison of existing models and methods of determining the reliability. The proposed method of estimating software reliability based on the allocation of the function blocks and to guarantee quality and reliability of the final result of software development. Key findings of the study: the use of a systematic approach makes it possible to identify the quality of the following interconnections between the constituent elements of the program, which define modern ways to improve software reliability. The paper proposed to adapt the major principles of the system improve the reliability of software proved useful effect of their introduction. The novelty of the research lies in the joint use of the functional and systemic approach in order to identify ways to increase the quality and reliability that takes into account the characteristics within the structural elements of the program and their interaction.\u0000","PeriodicalId":351916,"journal":{"name":"Кибернетика и программирование","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128786518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2