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The enhanced electronic postmark: integration of military and commercial communications 增强型电子邮戳:军商通信一体化
MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings Pub Date : 1997-11-02 DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1997.644878
G. A. Mihram, D. Mihram
{"title":"The enhanced electronic postmark: integration of military and commercial communications","authors":"G. A. Mihram, D. Mihram","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1997.644878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1997.644878","url":null,"abstract":"We have proposed that history teaches us that we require a nationally(governmentally-) secured telecommunications network, preferably even one which includes most of the burgeoning wireless industry because of its likely increased use of digitization (and, therefore, facile computerization). A fundamentally intrinsic part of this network must be an enhanced electronic postmark. We feel confident that our proposal for a governmentally secured telecommunications network with its enhanced electronic postmark should alleviate all but the most extreme sorts of needs for privacy (such as that required by criminals and/or the treasonous to conduct their misdeeds). A major goal of the paper is to provide the standard(s) by which we can, as 'standard operating procedure', expect the security of all information transmitted on the information superhighway to be assured under penalty of law, yet in a manner which will not require or permit governmental censorship of content. We address two primary concerns of telephonic and television transmissions: their integrity and the moral character of their content.","PeriodicalId":351392,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124268646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Standards requirements and recommendations development for multiband multimode radio systems 多波段多模无线电系统的标准、要求和建议
MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings Pub Date : 1997-11-02 DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1997.644956
J. Hoffmeyer, W. Bonser
{"title":"Standards requirements and recommendations development for multiband multimode radio systems","authors":"J. Hoffmeyer, W. Bonser","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1997.644956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1997.644956","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of multiband, multimode radios is relevant to a wide variety of communications applications. These applications include the commercial wireless and civil government sectors, and the military communications sector. The Modular Multifunction Information Transfer System (MMITS) Forum is in the process of developing standards requirements and standards recommendations for multiband, multimode systems that meet wireless communications user requirements from all three of these sectors. In March 1995, Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology, the Honorable Paul G. Kaminski, addressed the Research and Development Subcommittee of the House Committee on National Security and stated \"The bottom line is that we have no choice but to move from separate industrial sectors for defense and commercial markets to an integrated national industrial base. Leveraging commercial technological advances to create military advantage is critical to ensuring that our equipment remains the most advanced in the world. The objective is to marry the momentum of the vigorous, productive, and competitive commercial industrial infrastructure with the unique technologies and systems integration capabilities provided by our defense contractors. \" Thus, the goals and objectives of the MMITS Forum are very much consistent with the theme of this conference for \"Integrating Military and Commercial Communications for the Next Century\".","PeriodicalId":351392,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120954278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Modeling 21st century tactical communications networks 21世纪战术通信网络建模
MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings Pub Date : 1997-11-02 DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1997.646705
E. Harrington, B. Josephson, J. Paclik
{"title":"Modeling 21st century tactical communications networks","authors":"E. Harrington, B. Josephson, J. Paclik","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1997.646705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1997.646705","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging technologies in wireless communications and internetworking are revolutionizing the development of tactical communications networks. Key areas such as packetized voice and integrated terrestrial/satellite networking need to be investigated for their performance in the future tactical environment. This paper discusses the effort to identify critical user requirements/enabling technologies and model their effect on, and performance in, the 21st century tactical warfighter communications environment. A set of candidate network architectures was developed around the critical enabling technologies and user requirements and then modeled using a network simulation tool. The simulations are based on packetized wireless communications in an integrated terrestrial/satellite networking environment. Preliminary results for several mobile wireless architecture simulations are presented and future areas of research are also discussed. The mobile wireless network architectures that were modeled and evaluated included the impact of highly mobile users supported by an associated mobile tactical communications infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":351392,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121099215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A packet radio API 分组无线电API
MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings Pub Date : 1997-11-02 DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1997.644970
D. Beyer, M. Lewis
{"title":"A packet radio API","authors":"D. Beyer, M. Lewis","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1997.644970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1997.644970","url":null,"abstract":"A variety of organizations participating in DARPA's Global Mobile Information Systems (GloMo) research program are currently designing and testing advanced wireless modem hardware, simulation components, and software protocols for distributed packet radio networks. Such efforts promise to support the efficient, reliable, and secure communication of multimedia traffic over rapidly deployed, multihop, wireless networks that serve as seamless extensions of the Internet. In order for the participants to share research results and foster collaboration, we developed an interface specification to permit a mix-and-match approach that will enable the various network control protocols to be run on both the simulation and hardware systems currently being developed. The motivation for defining such an interface is to provide the flexibility to control various parameters such as power and data rate for future adaptive modems. This common radio application programmer's interface (API) is intended to be language-, operating-system-, and platform-independent; extensible for supporting new or unique radio features; and available for adoption by the wider community. We recognize the underlying capabilities of typical digital radios. Next, we categorize these capabilities into command, status, and measurement variables, and asynchronous events. We then show how these features are specified in the API, with specific examples of implementation in the \"C\" programming language.","PeriodicalId":351392,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127155301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Transmission of MPEG-2 video streams over ATM 在ATM上传输MPEG-2视频流
MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings Pub Date : 1997-11-02 DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1997.648709
S. Gringeri, B. Khasnabish, A. Lewis, K. Shuaib, R. Egorov, B. Basch
{"title":"Transmission of MPEG-2 video streams over ATM","authors":"S. Gringeri, B. Khasnabish, A. Lewis, K. Shuaib, R. Egorov, B. Basch","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1997.648709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1997.648709","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the relationship between video quality and network performance and how this relationship is important in delivering MPEG-2 video using ATM technology. Application layer quality of service (QoS) characteristics such as the frequency, duration, and severity of allowable audio and video impairments must be determined for MPEG-2 video services. Using these user-perceived QoS characteristics, ATM network layer requirements such as cell error ratio, cell loss ratio, and cell delay variation can be approximated. Preliminary results are presented on the effects of network impairments on video quality for MPEG-2 transport streams delivered over ATM using ATM adaptation layer 5 (AAL-5). Video quality is assessed by counting and classifying error events. The effects of AAL-5 encapsulation on video quality are reviewed, and the impact of decoding versus discarding AAL-5 packets with invalid cyclic redundancy checks is discussed. In addition, the effects of network jitter on decoder memory usage and synchronization requirements are presented. Both actual and simulated ATM network level impairments are reviewed, and recommendations are made on acceptable ranges for cell errors, cell loss, and cell delay variation parameters.","PeriodicalId":351392,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123227508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 56
A scalable multicast routing 一种可扩展的组播路由
MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings Pub Date : 1997-11-02 DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1997.646764
Changdong Liu, Myung J. Lee, T. Saadawi
{"title":"A scalable multicast routing","authors":"Changdong Liu, Myung J. Lee, T. Saadawi","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1997.646764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1997.646764","url":null,"abstract":"With the growing interests in distributed applications, efficient and scalable multicast is of great concern. Widely used multicast routing protocols, represented by the DVMRP, however become very inefficient when used over large scale internetworks. New multicast routing protocols (RPs) like PIM (protocol independent multicast) and CBT (core based trees) being developed by the IDMR working group of the IETF, trade efficiency of multicast distribution trees with scalability, but they have some issues open to further study. The work presented in this paper, designated rendezvous point multicast routing (DRP), is essentially complementary to PIM-SM (sparse mode) and CBT, yet introduces new concepts to resolve their residual problems. While presenting basic features of the shared-tree structure found in PIM or CBT, the proposed DRP scheme takes an intelligent approach to tree creation and management so that it can generate multicast delivery trees of lower average cost with less control overhead. Improvement on scalability is sought by using a hierarchical architecture, which requires the multicast addresses be administratively scoped in accordance with the hierarchy. Management of candidate RPs are restricted within individual hierarchical regions. Meanwhile, the DRP scheme is recursive, meaning that all routers run the same algorithm regardless their hierarchical levels.","PeriodicalId":351392,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123574805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
AJ performance of a family of self-normalized diversity combiners 一类自归一化分集合成器的AJ性能
MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings Pub Date : 1997-11-02 DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1997.648668
T. Eng
{"title":"AJ performance of a family of self-normalized diversity combiners","authors":"T. Eng","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1997.648668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1997.648668","url":null,"abstract":"A family of self-normalized diversity combiners, which are generalizations of the self-normalized combiner previously analyzed in the literature, are introduced and their anti-jam (AJ) capabilities assessed in the presence of worst-case tone jamming. It is shown that every combiner in the family performs at least as well as the standard self-normalized combiner, which is one particular member of the family; also, it is shown that as the parameter which defines the family is increased without bound, a combiner with jammer state information (JSI) is essentially realized.","PeriodicalId":351392,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125380796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Military and civilian applications of virtual co-location and collaborative environments and associated technologies 军事和民用虚拟协同定位和协作环境及相关技术的应用
MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings Pub Date : 1997-11-02 DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1997.648704
Shirley Kupst, N. Mehravari, M. Olson, S. Rush
{"title":"Military and civilian applications of virtual co-location and collaborative environments and associated technologies","authors":"Shirley Kupst, N. Mehravari, M. Olson, S. Rush","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1997.648704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1997.648704","url":null,"abstract":"There is a growing interest and need to establish and deploy virtual co-location and collaborative environments in which individuals and groups can interact with each other remotely and in real-time. Today's desktop videoconferencing technology does not provide all the necessary components and the flexibility needed to design, integrate, and establish multi-point multi-platform, interenterprise collaborative environments in an economic and efficient manner. This paper presents a summary of our efforts and experiences in designing, integrating establishing, and evaluating virtual co-location and collaborative environments using today's existing desktop videoconferencing tools and products from a variety of sources.","PeriodicalId":351392,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125471332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Traffic congestion measurements in transit IP networks 传输IP网络中的流量拥塞测量
MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings Pub Date : 1997-11-02 DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1997.648698
Tim Bass
{"title":"Traffic congestion measurements in transit IP networks","authors":"Tim Bass","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1997.648698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1997.648698","url":null,"abstract":"Transit IP internetworks supporting USAF bases are highly congested during duty-hours and attempts to access to the Internet often fail. Often, during these connection failures, transit networks are in a state known as congestion collapse and connections time out when a user attempts to reach the Internet. This paper presents the results of a simple IP congestion analysis between four USAF bases and the Internet, graphically illustrating the congestion domains. We demonstrate that congestion in DISN links are primarily responsible for the congestion collapse. A skeleton framework for creating similar tests is included and suggestions for improvements to the simple test script are provided.","PeriodicalId":351392,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126824882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Wireless MAC protocols for real-time battlefield communications 用于实时战场通信的无线MAC协议
MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings Pub Date : 1997-11-02 DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1997.645033
M. Markowski, A. Sethi
{"title":"Wireless MAC protocols for real-time battlefield communications","authors":"M. Markowski, A. Sethi","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1997.645033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1997.645033","url":null,"abstract":"Addressing the problem of timely packet transmission in a wireless soft real-time system such as one would find on the battlefield we present five splitting protocols that take packet deadlines into account. Three are blocked access and two are free access algorithms. Mathematical models of the algorithms are developed, and compared with simulations. We show, as expected, that the blocked access algorithms usually offer higher success rates than the free access versions. Of the two best performing blocked access protocols, performance differences are slight on a lightly loaded channel. Under heavy load, however, one is shown to have better performance, and thus would be the best choice for implementation.","PeriodicalId":351392,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 97 MILCOM 97 Proceedings","volume":"217 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115573604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
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