ERPN: Other Entrepreneurs (Sub-Topic)最新文献

{"title":"The Paradox of Platform-Based Entrepreneurship: Competing while Sharing Resources","authors":"K. Boudreau, L. Jeppesen, M. Miric","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3897435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3897435","url":null,"abstract":"A large share of today’s entrepreneurship occurs “on top” of platforms. On the one hand, operating on top of a platform provides entrepreneurs with access to powerful platform tools and resources to facilitate innovation, entrepreneurial experimentation, and commercialization. On the other hand, we theorize that the provision of open access to a common set of powerful and easily-accessible platform resources can limit the scope for developing sustained competitive advantage. Entrepreneurs who turn out to be successful will then face challenges in sustaining their superior performance. We implement a precise statistical methodology to study the sustained success of market leaders in a representative context: game publishers operating in distinct submarkets on the Apple AppStore. Consistent with theory, we find that in the majority of cases the games publishers who do rise to a position of market leadership within their niches are no more capable of sustaining their performance and market position than are market followers. Consistent with a need to urgent shift beyond just exploiting platform resources, but to develop and harness “off-platform” resources, we find that the cases of market leaders statistically outperforming their followers are associated with continuously (re)exploiting unique intellectual property, in a highly deliberate and focused manner. We discuss implications for platform-based entrepreneurs, platform owners and platform design.","PeriodicalId":351070,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Other Entrepreneurs (Sub-Topic)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122263612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Bright Side of Product Market Threats: The Case of Innovation","authors":"D. Le, H. Le, L. Vo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2484325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2484325","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the effects of predatory strategies from rivals on firm innovation. Using Hoberg, Phillips and Prabhala’s (2014) product market fluidity to capture competitive threats from rivals, we find that firms with high product market threats invest more in R&D and generate higher number of patents and patent citations. Using shifts in import tariffs as a quasi-natural experiment to detect the exogenous shocks to competition, we show that firms with high competitive threats tend to be more innovative following the shocks. We further document that the effects of product market threats on innovation are more pronounced for firms with smaller market shares or firms in more competitive industries. Overall, our results are consistent with the hypothesis that product market threats create incentives for firms to innovate to “escape competition.”","PeriodicalId":351070,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Other Entrepreneurs (Sub-Topic)","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131853276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Digital Distribution's Failure to Solve Newspapers' Existential Crisis: Symptoms, Causes, Consequences and Remedies","authors":"Neil J. Thurman, R. Picard, M. Myllylahti, Arne H. Krumsvik","doi":"10.4324/9781315270449-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315270449-14","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines some of the symptoms and causes of the crisis facing newspapers via analyses of their finances and of audience measures. The consequences of the crisis, and whether there are any realistic remedies, are also considered, both in relation to journalism as a product and to the institutions, such as newspapers, that have traditionally produced it. We start with an analysis of the financial performance of multiplatform news publishers in Australia, Europe and the USA, which leads us to conclude that digital distribution is not reversing newspapers’ decline, and raises questions about the support for journalism in the long term. Next, some of the consequences of the declines that have already taken place are discussed. Moving from consequences to possible remedies, the chapter focuses on two areas. Firstly, media policy, and secondly, journalism as a product: what news should be produced and how it should be delivered. Another strand of the chapter concerns audience measures. They are used to help explain newspapers’ continuing dependency on print revenues, and are understood, depending on their constitution and use, as both a party to the crisis and as an able assistant in its alleviation.","PeriodicalId":351070,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Other Entrepreneurs (Sub-Topic)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127742656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Blockchain the Death of Antitrust Law? The Blockchain Antitrust Paradox","authors":"Thibault Schrepel","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3193576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3193576","url":null,"abstract":"Western legal systems have historically helped establish trust between parties and reduce transactional uncertainty by providing recourse to legal procedures. Nonetheless, establishing trust still imposes significant transactional costs and blockchain may reduce them to a smaller level. In the meantime, the very nature of the technology raises fundamental questions about antitrust law and how individuals conduct transactions. \u0000 \u0000This article intends to contribute to the literature by describing the challenges that blockchain presents for analyses of unilateral anticompetitive practices and proposing some changes to antitrust law and regulations that address those challenges. It proceeds in three sections to this end. \u0000 \u0000First, this article argues that, because blockchain is decentralized, anonymous, and immutable, questions arise regarding the ability to detect anticompetitive practices and their perpetrators. We show that some practices are de facto more likely to be implemented. \u0000 \u0000Next, this article discusses current antitrust laws and how antitrust authorities should tackle these issues. On the one hand, regulators must avoid using their unfamiliarity with a new technology to justify over-regulating a potentially beneficial advancement or employing what this article calls the “blockchain excuse” for regulation. On the other hand, antitrust enforcement must adapt to stay relevant, and this article suggests that regulators adopt a new methodology of “regulatory infiltration” using a “law is code” approach. \u0000 \u0000Third, even if this new regulatory scheme is adopted, some ultimate questions demand resolution. This article seeks to address them in part three: is blockchain the death of antitrust law as we know it? Should it be? Answering those questions is not easy because blockchain continues to evolve. Nevertheless, the decentralized nature of blockchain forces us to consider the legitimacy of antitrust law, which rests on centralized legal structures and enforcement that are inconsistent with blockchain’s trustless nature; although, antitrust is still needed. This is the blockchain antitrust paradox.","PeriodicalId":351070,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Other Entrepreneurs (Sub-Topic)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122710896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing the Potential of the Grassroots Innovators: Inversion of the Bottom of the Pyramid","authors":"Stuti Saxena","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2975644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2975644","url":null,"abstract":"The phrase, “Bottom of the pyramid” has become a famous cliche for infamous settings. The moment this phrase is used in socio-economic settings (with particular reference to India), it has always been the underprivileged, downtrodden and the subalterns who come to one’s focus. Condescending with this view, the paper shall be looking at the pyramid, starting from bottom upwards. Marx was nowhere amiss when he referred to the power of the proletariat, which would displace the capitalists. And, he had also referred to the economic base as the edifice on which the political and social superstructure is built upon. To add to this, his writings also underscored the entrepreneurial potential in the industrial capitalists. Parallely, Prahalad referred to the bottom of the pyramid, where the micro-entrepreneurs would be serving the consumers at the bottom of the pyramid. In line with this thought, the proposed paper shall be an attempt at underscoring the immense potential which this very bottom of the pyramid has, when it comes to creativity and innovations, by drawing a parallel between Marx and Prahlad’s pyramidal base(s)/bottom(s). The paper shall be a brief on the Grassroots Innovators; Upscaling of these innovations; Dissemination of these innovations; and; the role of the academics in the emergence of these Grassroots Innopreneurs. Lastly, the paper shall give future directions for research in this field.","PeriodicalId":351070,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Other Entrepreneurs (Sub-Topic)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116797653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Funding of Innovative Start-Ups in India","authors":"Nomita Sharma","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2647598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2647598","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on recent trends in funding start-ups in India. Start-up is a new venture in the form of organization which is designed for scalable business. They are created in the process of development of new products or processes. The base of the start-ups company is innovation where entrepreneur comes up with an innovative idea that can be commercialized and generate societal benefits. In the recent past, there has been increase in start-ups in India in different fields like retail selling, e-commerce, food delivery, consultant, medical care, delivery of grocery items, fitness etc. Being small in size and new in the business, they often find it difficult to organize funds for their functioning. The start-ups are now being funded by other young start-up companies. These start-ups belong to the different fields. This matrix type funding contributes to growth of new start-ups as well as of old start-ups. This is possible because companies with unique ideas/concepts are getting attention from venture capitalists. Venture capitalists have realized that consumers want more sophisticated product experiences and are willing to pay for them. With the help from venture capitalists, these start-ups are creating future of innovative products. This paper explores the recent funding trends in innovative Start-up company in India.","PeriodicalId":351070,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Other Entrepreneurs (Sub-Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128909396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Overview of the Kauffman Firm Survey: Results from 2011 Business Activities","authors":"A. Robb, Joseph Farhat","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2277641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2277641","url":null,"abstract":"Although entrepreneurial activity is an important part of a capitalist economy, data about U.S. businesses in their early years of operation have been extremely limited. Only recently has it become apparent what important contributions new and young businesses make to job creation and innovation activities. As part of an effort to understand the dynamics of new businesses in the United States, the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation (the Foundation) sponsored the Kauffman Firm Survey (KFS), a panel study of new businesses founded in 2004 that are being tracked annually over their first eight years of operation. Tracking businesses over time allows us to follow business evolutions that would not be apparent in cross-sectional snapshots, the more typical collection method. The KFS dataset provides researchers with a unique opportunity to study a panel of new businesses from startup to sustainability (or exit), with longitudinal data centering on topics such as how businesses are financed; the products, services, and innovations these businesses possess and develop in their early years of existence; and the characteristics of those who own and operate them. The data collection has been completed, and data are available through calendar year 2011, the eighth year of operations for continuing businesses. Additionally, since our panel came into existence before the most recent recession, following these businesses allows us to get a picture of how young businesses in the United States have recovered or been affected. A series of tables give a broad overview of the 4,928 businesses included in the Kauffman Firm Survey that are nationally representative of startups from 2004.","PeriodicalId":351070,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Other Entrepreneurs (Sub-Topic)","volume":"180 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134220553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entrepreneurial Innovations and Taxation","authors":"Andreas Haufler, Pehr‐Johan Norbäck, L. Persson","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2048215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2048215","url":null,"abstract":"Stimulating entrepreneurship is high on the policy agenda of many countries. We study the effects of tax policies on entrepreneurs' choice of riskiness (or quality) of an innovation project, and on their mode of commercializing the innovation (market entry versus sale). Limited loss offset provisions in the tax system induce entrepreneurs innovating for entry to choose projects with inefficiently little risk. The same distortion does not arise when entrepreneurs sell their innovation in a competitive bidding process to an incumbent before the uncertainty is revealed. Tax systems which systematically favor market entry of entrepreneurs can thus lead to welfare losses due to inefficient quality choices, despite leading to more competition in the product market.","PeriodicalId":351070,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Other Entrepreneurs (Sub-Topic)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128349299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effective Motivational Factors of Entrepreneurship: Knowledge and Training - An Empirical Study in Relates to Chennai (South India)","authors":"Firdouse R Khan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1374849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1374849","url":null,"abstract":"Entrepreneurial Development makes a powerful impact on the development of the country. The success of the entrepreneur depends on the environmental factors such as economic, legal, social, political and technological factors which influence the motivational factors thus leading to successful entrepreneurship. The motivational factors are the key factors influencing the entrepreneurial behavior and operation of the business and thus the need for the study on the entrepreneurial behavior and their due influence. This paper attempts to throw light on the infrastructures that has to be developed in order to cultivate the quality of leadership among potential enterprising young men. Attempts are being made to inculcate the spirit of entrepreneurship. The empirical results revealed that most of the selected entrepreneurs (small scale industries) perceived the relevance of these factors which motivate the entrepreneurs to the highest degree. The study also reveals that the factors which are not considered to be of high importance in the earlier days like education, knowledge and training which plays crucial role in motivating most of the entrepreneurs in the recent period. There exists necessity for Government and the related sponsoring institutions to look into these factors and encourage the young entrepreneurs who in turn will render their full support towards national economy.","PeriodicalId":351070,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Other Entrepreneurs (Sub-Topic)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129916093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Ethnic Composition of US Inventors","authors":"William Kerr","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1010142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1010142","url":null,"abstract":"The ethnic composition of US scientists and engineers is undergoing a significant transformation. This study applies an ethnic-name database to individual patent records granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office to document these trends with greater detail than previously available. Most notably, the contributions of Chinese and Indian scientists to US technology formation increase dramatically in the 1990s, before noticeably leveling off after 2000 and declining in the case of India. Growth in ethnic innovation is concentrated in high-tech sectors; the institutional and geographic dimensions are further characterized.","PeriodicalId":351070,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Other Entrepreneurs (Sub-Topic)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124631390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}