Bernardo J. R. Figueiredo, R. Costa, Leonel Santos, Carlos Rabadão
{"title":"Cybersecurity and Privacy in Smart Cities for Citizen Welfare","authors":"Bernardo J. R. Figueiredo, R. Costa, Leonel Santos, Carlos Rabadão","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch011","url":null,"abstract":"In smart cities, technologies and systems of various types, from manual sensors to data collection devices, cooperate to improve citizens' wellbeing. They take advantage of information technologies and the internet of things (IoT) to increase citizens' welfare through the implementation of services with distinct objectives, like reducing energy consumption and improving transport routes and health services. Due to their functionalities and characteristics, IoT devices work interconnectedly and collect large amounts of data. In this context, cybersecurity and privacy arise as topics of central interest, as security breaches can lead to personal data exposure and service interruptions and malfunctions, thus directly affecting citizens' welfare and the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals. This chapter discusses how cybersecurity risks affect smart cities' operations and citizens' welfare. It presents some current cybersecurity techniques and how to apply them in the smart city context. It also reviews some open issues and future directions.","PeriodicalId":349907,"journal":{"name":"Smart Cities, Citizen Welfare, and the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130651576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Municipality of Peristeri","authors":"Pagona-Xanthi Psathopoulou","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch009","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, both in Greece and worldwide, there is a tendency to create smarter cities in order to improve the daily lives of citizens. The chapter focuses on the city of Peristeri and intends to analyze its transformation from a traditional city to a 21st century smart city. As Peristeri is the third largest municipality of Attica, the case of it is of special interest. A recording and an assessment of the transition of Peristeri to a smart city will depict the current situation, future directions, and planning and how the COVID-19 period influenced this transition. Τhe fundamental role of citizens is discussed. The results of the case study analysis indicate that Peristeri aims to be a smart city leader for the western suburbs. Although the findings highlight great potential for further development, the strategy, the methodology, the organization, the emphasis on the citizens and the city seems to be a decisive factor for the municipality of Peristeri to be a pioneer.","PeriodicalId":349907,"journal":{"name":"Smart Cities, Citizen Welfare, and the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122054811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"E-Waste Management","authors":"A. Khatun, N. Dhara","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch012","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainability addresses balance, balance between present and future essentially required for the survival of our planet. Upgradation of technology has contributed largely in generating enormous waste, the e-waste whose management has become the talk of the hour. E-waste spawns gargantuan toxic leftovers, which are detrimental for the life of Earth and the life of all organisms contained by the Earth. This review-based chapter targets to highlight and fulfill the objectives of e-waste management's prominence from an environmental perspective chiefly in developing countries. E-waste management has traumatized Earth's lifespan. Managing and maintaining it has been the core concern of all the nations particularly of the developing ones. Global e-waste management is taken care of by well-defined legislation. Extended procedure responsibility (EPR) was taken into contemplation for reckoning the trend of its eradication globally.","PeriodicalId":349907,"journal":{"name":"Smart Cities, Citizen Welfare, and the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114174340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From Smart Homes to Smart Cities","authors":"Ş. Emekci","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch018","url":null,"abstract":"The United Nations has set the Sustainable Development Goals that guide a wide variety of programs to build a better and more sustainable future for all. The goals are not only universal but also connected with each other and indivisible. Since cities are hosting more than half of the world's population and held responsible for three-quarters of global energy consumption and GHG emissions, the Agenda 2030 includes city-related goals. Many countries have taken steps towards reducing greenhouse gases and increasing energy efficiency in cities. To achieve that, smart technology solutions have been developed and adapted to cities. Making cities smart should start from the home level because they have the biggest share in cities' energy consumption and GHG emissions. This chapter reveals the potential contribution of smart homes to smart city concepts in terms of energy efficiency and GHG emissions with the help of the bottom-up approach. In addition to presenting an extensive literature review to the reader, it also discusses how smart technologies contribute to citizen welfare.","PeriodicalId":349907,"journal":{"name":"Smart Cities, Citizen Welfare, and the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133532011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Triple Bottom Line Analysis of the Smart Cities Projects in GCC Countries","authors":"V. Hassan, Mohamad Knio, George Bellos","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch001","url":null,"abstract":"Cities are tackling their economic, social, and environmental challenges through smart city solutions. To demonstrate that these solutions achieve the desired impact, an indicator-based assessment system is needed. This chapter presents the process of developing CITYkeys performance measurement systems for target setting and monitoring. This European smart city indicator framework was developed by analyzing cities' needs, existing indicators, and gaps. The current research sets out to review several indicators, KPI, and performance measurements, along other indicator frameworks on the case studies involving the conceptualisation, development, and monitoring of smart cities in Lebanon and in Malta for comparative purposes. For this purpose, a mixed methods approach was adopted, whereby both interviews and structured surveys were used to collect primary data pertaining to the analyses of the respectively investigated smart cities.","PeriodicalId":349907,"journal":{"name":"Smart Cities, Citizen Welfare, and the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130173679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Konstantinos Asikis, Marta Rofin Serra, Georgia Skoufi
{"title":"Smart Planning for Healthy Cities (Urban Space Is Not Just a Place)","authors":"Konstantinos Asikis, Marta Rofin Serra, Georgia Skoufi","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch014","url":null,"abstract":"Cities are constantly increasing their importance, from any point of view: population, energy, food, transport. Healthy cities aim at wellbeing for all by creating urban spaces capable of inclusive community prosperity. Place is the combined tangible and intangible context of a location. It includes the integrated urban ecosystem: the constructed, environmental, social, economic, and cultural status. It is a human, natural, and artificial habitat whose combined conditions are able to upgrade or harm health and wellbeing. Its significant impact on people's life happens through a variety of ways, positive or negative, physical or mental. There are several urban determinants that affect the health indicators, which help us measure this impact. This process is named health impact assessment. It is conducted via specific tools, and till now it showed us that the urban environment affects public health much more than the medical system. On the other side, only vigorous communities are able to ensure thriving culture and economy, urban and regional sustainability and development.","PeriodicalId":349907,"journal":{"name":"Smart Cities, Citizen Welfare, and the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121333931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of Demographic Changes in Urban Decline and Shrinkage","authors":"José G. Vargas-Hernández, J. Zdunek-Wielgołaska","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch010","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter is aimed to analyse the implications that demographic changes have on urban decline and shrinkage in a global environment. The analysis departs from the assumption that deindustrialization restructuring and demographic suburbanization processes contribute to economic urban decline and shrinkage. After reviewing the evolution of urban decline and shrinkage framed on a methodological approach, the study analyses in detail the different factors involved in any demographic and urban decline and shrinkage. It is concluded that deindustrialization restructuring, demographic decline, and suburbanization processes are crucial in urban shrinkage.","PeriodicalId":349907,"journal":{"name":"Smart Cities, Citizen Welfare, and the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127075540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Smart Mobility in the Mediterranean Cities","authors":"A. Pego","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch008","url":null,"abstract":"Smart mobility is linked to the ability to create transport efficiency in cities. Indeed, the increase of smart mobility within cities has a positive impact on citizens. The ability to create new projects related to smart mobility and its ability to involve the ecosystem, especially citizens, is part of urban planning in many countries and carries out this work. This study presents the urban projects in some Mediterranean cities and their impact on the externalities of smart mobility. The results show that the deployment of smart mobility has a positive impact on urban development and there is remarkable progress in connecting citizens, especially in cities where smart mobility is the result of investments in sustainable development. Based on the latest projects in smart cities in the Mediterranean and the Sustainable Development Goals for 2030, the study will help to evaluate urban projects but also to understand how cities increase the well-being of citizens.","PeriodicalId":349907,"journal":{"name":"Smart Cities, Citizen Welfare, and the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124669584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Smart Culture and Heritage, the “Rare” Category of SSC Classifications","authors":"Konstantinos Asikis, Ioannis Nakas","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch015","url":null,"abstract":"ISO and ITU propose some classifications regarding the smart sustainable cities services: energy, transport, health, tourism, education, safety, environment, governance, commerce, buildings, community. Culture and heritage is a rare category in these classifications, despite the fact they have to be always been included in an SSC ecosystem. They could play a key role in achieving the 17 SDGs due to some critical reasons: their deep roots in humanity, their wide spread across city life and environment, hence their horizontal connections with all the other SSC categories. There are many options of SSC structures, which have the potential to be dedicated on culture and heritage. QR codes, GIS., VR, apps, IoT, virtual events are some of them, widely implemented by cities. Via these ways, culture and heritage could 1) contribute to the humans' welfare index and 2) interact with the other sectors of the city ecosystem. Their added value to the sustainability process creates the necessity to be a distinctive category in international SSC classifications.","PeriodicalId":349907,"journal":{"name":"Smart Cities, Citizen Welfare, and the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127930352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Planted Roofs Over Buildings","authors":"Theodoros Galanis, Ploutarhos Kerpelis","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7785-1.ch019","url":null,"abstract":"Humans in addition with other factors have increased the environmental pollution of the planet. Many highly populated cities like Athens have problems with air quality due to the poor quality of construction, high temperatures in summer, noise, no existence of city plans, etc. The scope of this study is the investigation of urban towns' benefits using planted roofs. All types of planted roofs have many environmental, constructional, social, and financial benefits. The research suggests a method from the design, the study until the construction, using decision making, informing the citizens, and taking into account their opinion. The original design of buildings must have adopted an integrated energy strategy such as the solution of planted roofs so as to maximize the benefits to the environment and human beings. The research is specialized using a case study about a planted roof of an existing school building in Athens. The advantages and disadvantages of the usage are shown focusing on environmental, social, and construction aspects.","PeriodicalId":349907,"journal":{"name":"Smart Cities, Citizen Welfare, and the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123154112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}