Current Trends in Immunology最新文献

Rebalancing immunity: The emerging role of selective estrogen receptor modulators in immunity and autoimmunity. 再平衡免疫：选择性雌激素受体调节剂在免疫和自身免疫中的新作用。

Current Trends in Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-01

Rachael J Werner, Jena R Wirth, Melissa A Cunningham

{"title":"Rebalancing immunity: The emerging role of selective estrogen receptor modulators in immunity and autoimmunity.","authors":"Rachael J Werner, Jena R Wirth, Melissa A Cunningham","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are tissue- and context-specific regulators of estrogen receptor (ER) signaling, originally developed to treat breast cancer and osteoporosis. Increasing recognition of the roles of ERα and ERβ in modulation of immune cell development, tolerance, inflammation and antiviral defense has led to growing interest in SERMs as potential therapies for autoimmune disease. This review summarizes current mechanistic, preclinical, and clinical evidence on SERMs and related ER-directed agents across autoimmune and immune-mediated conditions. Preclinical studies demonstrated that select SERMs can generate anti-inflammatory or tissue-protective effects of endogenous estrogen without negatively impacting reproductive tissue. In inflammatory arthritis, SERMs reduced synovial inflammation, modulated Th17-associated responses, and protected against bone loss in murine models. In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), where estrogen signaling contributes to disease susceptibility and activity, SERMs and SERDs showed variable but encouraging findings: raloxifene improved bone mineral density without increasing lupus flares, bazedoxifene preserved trabecular bone in lupus-prone mice, and fulvestrant reduced disease activity and T-cell activation markers in a randomized trial. In multiple sclerosis, ERα-dependent mechanisms mediate estradiol's protective effects in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), illustrating the broader immunologic relevance of estrogen pathways. Given the high burden of glucocorticoid exposure, premature ovarian insufficiency, and osteoporosis among individuals with autoimmune diseases, SERMs may offer dual benefit as both immunomodulatory and bone-protective agents. However, available human studies remain small and short-term. Future work should define cell-specific ER signaling in human immunity and autoimmunity, identify patient subgroups most likely to benefit, and evaluate long-term safety in adequately powered clinical trials.","PeriodicalId":34989,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Immunology","volume":"25 ","pages":"79-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13225871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148151466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Targeting the stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)-0 tumor neoantigen. 靶向阶段特异性胚胎抗原（SSEA）-0 肿瘤新抗原。

Current Trends in Immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01

Denong Wang

引用次数: 0

Cyclopia in a newborn rhesus macaque born to a dam infected with SIV and receiving antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy. 感染SIV并在怀孕期间接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的母猴所生的新生恒河猴独眼症。

Current Trends in Immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01

Lara Doyle-Meyers, Chunming Dong, Eddie Qidi Xu, Eric J Vallender, Robert V Blair, Peter Didier, Fenglei He, Xiaolei Wang

{"title":"Cyclopia in a newborn rhesus macaque born to a dam infected with SIV and receiving antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy.","authors":"Lara Doyle-Meyers, Chunming Dong, Eddie Qidi Xu, Eric J Vallender, Robert V Blair, Peter Didier, Fenglei He, Xiaolei Wang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Cyclopia, a rare genetic anomaly and birth defect, was recently observed in our nonhuman primate study. A newborn rhesus macaque, delivered via cesarean section, exhibited facial abnormalities, including a single eye in the middle of the forehead. This macaque was born to a dam who had been inoculated with SIV in the first trimester and received antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the early third trimester of pregnancy. Prenatal ultrasound detected fetal defects, including the fusion of the thalami and absence of third ventricle during the third trimester of fetal development. Remarkably, the newborn macaque was diagnosed with severe alobar holoprosencephaly, characterized by a single eye located on the facial midline and proboscises positioned above and below the eye. This condition was accompanied by the absence of a nose, mouth, mandible, maxilla, nasal and oral cavities, tongue, as well as the esophagus. Subsequent genetic screening identified a significant down-regulation of craniofacial development-associated genes, although genetic mutations in the sonic hedgehog gene (SHH) were not present. As the fetal defects were identified prior to the initiation of antiretroviral therapy, it is possible that other environmental factors may have contributed to the development of cyclopia in this rhesus case. However, the etiology of this congenital HPE case remains essentially unknown.","PeriodicalId":34989,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Immunology","volume":"24 ","pages":"91-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Information Seeking Behavior and Work Performance of Local Government Administrators in Niger State, Nigeria 尼日利亚尼日尔州地方政府管理者的信息寻求行为与工作绩效

Current Trends in Immunology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.61867/pcub.v1i2b.024

Fati Abubakar, Gabriel Alegbeleye, Musa Hussaini

{"title":"Information Seeking Behavior and Work Performance of Local Government Administrators in Niger State, Nigeria","authors":"Fati Abubakar, Gabriel Alegbeleye, Musa Hussaini","doi":"10.61867/pcub.v1i2b.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61867/pcub.v1i2b.024","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the information seeking behaviour and work performance of local government administrators in Niger State, Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was used, and the target population was the 275 local government administrators in the 25 local government areas in Niger State, Nigeria. 165 local government administrators from 15 local government areas in the three senatorial districts of Niger State were sampled. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Frequency and percentage distribution mean and standard deviation and linear regression were used to analyze the data. Results showed that level of work performance of local government administrators was high at (¯x= 2.73, SD = 0.79) on a 4-point Likert scale and the level of information seeking behaviour was high with a grand mean of (¯x= 3.10, SD = 0.984) on a 4-point Likert scale. The challenges militating against work performance included lack of staff training on skills to provide quality service at (¯x= 3.41, SD = 0.854), lack of acknowledgement for work done at (¯x= 3.14, SD = 0.854) among others. Results further showed that work performance of local government administrators in Niger State, Nigeria was not significantly influenced by information seeking behaviour with (R2 = 0.014, B = 0.121, t = 1.459, p > 0.05) r. The study concluded that the high level of work performance of local government administrators in Niger State could be attributed to the high level of their information seeking behaviour. The study recommended that Local governments in Niger State should train and re-train their employees on information literacy skills so as to be able to provide more quality services. Keywords: Administrators, Information Seeking Behavior, Local Government, Work Performance, Niger State","PeriodicalId":34989,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":"80-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"http://dx.doi.org/10.61867/pcub.v1i2b.024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147881416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modulating ILC2 function for treatment of type 2 airway diseases. 调节 ILC2 功能以治疗 2 型气道疾病

Current Trends in Immunology Pub Date : 2022-01-01

Yung-An Huang, Allyssa Strohm, Taylor Doherty

{"title":"Modulating ILC2 function for treatment of type 2 airway diseases.","authors":"Yung-An Huang, Allyssa Strohm, Taylor Doherty","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Type 2 airway diseases including chronic rhinosinusitis, allergic rhinitis, and asthma remain a major health concern. These disorders are largely characterized by an uncontrolled type 2 immune response with elevated cytokines of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, eosinophilic inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia as well as tissue remodeling. In the last few decades, critical potential roles of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in type 2 human diseases have emerged. Unlike their lymphocyte counterpart T cells, ILCs lack antigen-specific receptors and are largely tissue resident. Specifically, group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) respond to airway epithelium-derived alarmins (TSLP, IL-33) and secrete high levels of type 2 cytokines. ILC2 responses can bypass the activation of T cells as well as develop corticosteroid-resistance. Currently approved biologics targeting the alarmin thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) or the IL-4/IL-13 receptor may reduce ILC2 activation, though novel treatments of type 2 airway diseases remain needed. In this review, we briefly discuss the pathogenesis of ILC2-mediated airway diseases followed by their current and potential treatments.","PeriodicalId":34989,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Immunology","volume":"23 ","pages":"85-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10311961/pdf/nihms-1893631.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9751583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The "Janus-like" RNA-editing machinery in innate antiviral immunity. 先天性抗病毒免疫中的 "类 Janus "RNA 编辑机制。

Current Trends in Immunology Pub Date : 2022-01-01

Lisa Wu, Denong Wang

{"title":"The \"Janus-like\" RNA-editing machinery in innate antiviral immunity.","authors":"Lisa Wu, Denong Wang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Our innate immune systems are evolved to provide the first line of immune defense against microbial infections. A key effector component is the adenosine deaminase acting on the RNA-1 (ADAR-1)/interferon (IFN) pathway of the innate cytoplasmic immunity that mounts rapid responses to many viral pathogens. As an RNA-editing enzyme, ADAR-1 targets viral RNA intermediates in the cytoplasmic compartment to interfere with the infection. However, ADAR-1 may also edit characteristic RNA structures of certain host genes, notably, the 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 2C (5-HT2CR). Dysfunction of 5-HT2CR has been linked to the pathology of several human mental conditions, such as Schizophrenia, anxiety, bipolar disorder, major depression, and the mental illnesses of substance use disorders (SUD). Thus, the ADAR-1-mediated RNA editing may be either beneficial or harmful; these effects need to be tightly modulated to sustain innate antiviral immunity while restricting undesired off-target self-reactivity. In this communication, we discuss ideas and tools to identify the orphan drug candidates, including small molecules and biologics that may serve as effective modulators of the ADAR-1/IFN innate immunity and are thereby promising for use in treating or preventing SUD- and/or viral infection-associated mental illnesses.","PeriodicalId":34989,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"23-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9668064/pdf/nihms-1846901.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40483857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Serological study of TORCH complex in pregnant women with an obstetric history in Mosul city, Iraq 伊拉克摩苏尔市有产科史孕妇TORCH复合体的血清学研究

Current Trends in Immunology Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.31300/ctimm.22.2021.95-102

M. T. Mahmood, H. Kahya

引用次数: 1

Crude Necator americanus worm extract diminishes pancreatic islet destruction in diabetic non-obese mice (NOD) 美洲钩虫粗提取物减少糖尿病非肥胖小鼠（NOD）的胰岛破坏

Current Trends in Immunology Pub Date : 2021-06-17 DOI: 10.31300/ctimm.22.2021.55-67

Teresiama Velikkakam, Bruna Gazedim, É. Alves, R. Fujiwara, L. Bueno, J. A. Fiúza, S. Gaze

引用次数: 0

Coronaviruses' sugar shields as vaccine candidates. 作为候选疫苗的冠状病毒糖屏蔽。

Current Trends in Immunology Pub Date : 2020-01-01

Denong Wang

引用次数: 0

Post-transcriptional regulation of cytokine expression and signaling. 细胞因子表达和信号传导的转录后调控。

Current Trends in Immunology Pub Date : 2018-01-01

Liang Guo, Irina Vlasova-St Louis, Paul R Bohjanen

{"title":"Post-transcriptional regulation of cytokine expression and signaling.","authors":"Liang Guo, Irina Vlasova-St Louis, Paul R Bohjanen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Cytokines and cytokine signaling pathways are crucial for regulating cellular functions, including cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and cell death. Cytokines regulate physiological processes such as immune responses and maintain immune homeostasis, and they also mediate pathological conditions such as autoimmune diseases and cancer. Hence, the precise control of the expression of cytokines and the transduction of cytokine signals is tightly regulated at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In particular, post-transcriptional regulation at the level of mRNA stability is critical for coordinating cytokine expression and cytokine signaling. Numerous cytokine transcripts contain AU-rich elements (AREs), whereas transcripts encoding numerous components of cytokine signaling pathways contain GU-rich elements (GREs). AREs and GREs are mRNA decay elements that mediate rapid mRNA degradation. Through ARE- and GRE-mediated decay mechanisms, immune cells selectively and specifically regulate cytokine networks during immune responses. Aberrant expression and stability of ARE- or GRE-containing transcripts that encode cytokines or components of cytokine signaling pathways are observed in disease states, including cancer. In this review, we focus on the role of AREs and GREs in regulating cytokine expression and signal transduction at the level of mRNA stability.","PeriodicalId":34989,"journal":{"name":"Current Trends in Immunology","volume":"19 ","pages":"33-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6296478/pdf/nihms962335.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36799439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0