Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications最新文献

{"title":"Economical Aspects when Deploying Enterprise Portals","authors":"Shota Okujava, Ulrich Remus","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH048","url":null,"abstract":"Enterprise portals have become the backbone for the integration of a large number of different applications, content, and services (Smith, 2004). Nowadays, electronic business can hardly be imagined without the use of these portals as central entry points. At the same time, companies become more and more aware that portal projects are complex, timeand cost-consuming, with a high risk of failing. Costs and benefits to build up and operate an enterprise portal have to be weighed up in a systematic manner, including makeor-buy decisions with regard to packaged portal platforms vs. open source developments, individually developed vs. purchased standard portal components (Hazra, 2002). However, often clear figures describing the economic impact of portal solutions are missing. Furthermore, there is still uncertainty which methods are suitable, at which stage of the implementation process they have to be used, how they have to be adapted and customized, and which preconditions have to be set in order to assess the economic impact of enterprise portals. In addition, enterprise portals can be deployed across a broad range of industries and application areas, thus enabling the implementation of such different portals like knowledge portals, employee portals, ERP portals, collaborative portals, process portals, and partner portals. All these types of portals need a specific and individual approach to evaluate the economic impact. The goal of this article is to contribute to the decision of how to analyse and evaluate the economic impact when deploying large enterprise portals. For that purpose, we present a framework that can be applied by carrying out the following steps: At first, important preconditions and assumptions concerning the portal solution have to be collected. Then, key factors, derived from the results of the previous step, can be identified. Finally, these factors have to be evaluated and, if possible, quantified and measured. Consequently, these steps have to be embedded in the development process of the portal solution. We describe a procedure model, based on the stages of the PDCA-approach (plan, do, check, act), which can be used to carry out a structured analysis taking into account the whole life cycle of the deployed portal solution. As foundation of the framework, we provide a classification, where measurable key factors of portal costs, benefits, and risks are collected and structured (according to the main portal types B2E, B2B, and B2C). In particular, qualitative factors play an important role in portal projects. Even though these factors are hard to measure, they are urgently needed to draw a complete picture of the profitability of a portal project. Based on this classification, existing methods to measure the economic impact are reviewed and assigned to the corresponding items of the classification.","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128943192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Security Threats in Web-Powered Databases and Web Portals","authors":"Theodoros Evdoridis","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH143","url":null,"abstract":"It is a strongly held view that the scientific branch of computer security that deals with Web-powered databases (Rahayu & Taniar, 2002) than can be accessed through Web portals (Tatnall, 2005) is both complex and challenging. This is mainly due to the fact that there are numerous avenues available for a potential intruder to follow in order to break into the Web portal and compromise its assets and functionality. This is of vital importance when the assets that might be jeopardized belong to a legally sensitive Web database such as that of an enterprise or government portal, containing sensitive and confidential information. It is obvious that the aim of not only protecting against, but mostly preventing from potential malicious or accidental activity that could set a Web portal’s asset in danger, requires an attentive examination of all possible threats that may endanger the Web-based system.","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133744870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Future of Portals in E-Science","authors":"A. Bosin, N. Dessì, M. Fugini, D. Liberati, B. Pes","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH070","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130425820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a Proposed Nursing Knowledge Portal","authors":"Y. Theng","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH036","url":null,"abstract":"Nurses responsible for making strategic decisions in the hospital are tracking performance metrics that accurately measure how well the hospital is performing. These nurses are always looking for the appropriate strategies that can be combined with qualitative measures to respond just in time and accurately to clients. The information presented to strategic decision makers is used to monitor and analyse the performance of the hospital so that, when necessary, appropriate modifications can be made for the hospital to remain relevant to the community. Hence, information leveraged on demand in hospitals would enhance knowledge discovery with better content organization and management of patient and non-patient related information from multiple sources to assist nurses in their day-to-day work. In recent years, knowledge portals, as single-point-access software systems intended to provide easy and timely access to information and to support communities of knowledge workers who share common goals, have emerged as a key tool for supporting knowledge work. This article describes our experience in designing a proposed knowledge portal prototype for nurses at the Singapore General Hospital (SGH). A team of four postgraduate students from the Division of Information Studies at the Nanyang Technological University (NTU) was formed to study the feasibility of implementing a knowledge portal for nurses (Chan, 2004; Girish, 2004; Jayakumaran, 2004; Liu, 2003), with the specific objectives identified:","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128095847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Web Museums as the Last Endeavor","authors":"R. Bernier","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH183","url":null,"abstract":"In the 19th century, the museum was generally constituted as an accumulation of uncatalogued objects, while its fundamental role was relatively haphazard, with principal concern the elite’s good taste and high culture provided within a sacred site. At this time, heritage organizations began serving as a pedagogical source and incorporated learning strategies to accommodate the general public. Influenced by the Arts and Craft Movement, the Industrial Revolution brought an art education awareness, which first flourished in European museums, and then emerged after the Civil War in the United States—principally between 1870 and the Wall Street crash of 1929—for studying important artworks and supporting art appreciation through a constructivist perspective (Zeller, 1989). Some scholars posit that constructivism is the most convenient way to subjectively gain understanding, by involving visitors as active learners beyond the traditional approach (Hein, 1998). Earlier than the Second World War, the Metropolitan Museum of Art of New York (www. metmuseum.org) was already known as a leader for setting educational programs with unique behind scenes of major","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116724649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topic-Oriented Portals","authors":"A. Sigel, Khalil Ahmed","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH167","url":null,"abstract":"In general, portals are regarded as gateways to networked information and services, facilitating access to other related sites. Typically, portals provide transparent one-stop access to functionalities needed in a common context and make these appear as a single integrated application. Although these functionalities are implemented and made available by heterogeneous applications, they are integrated by presenting the output of such networked applications side-by-side, with only limited interaction between them. This superficial integration on the presentation level is quite useful, but it has considerable drawbacks compared to basing portals on the notion of subjects to achieve “seamless knowledge” and the “semantic superhighway” (Pepper, 2004, 2006; Pepper & Garshol, 2004). Consider these challenges:","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"233 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117342350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Portal Design","authors":"Yuriy Taranovych","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH060","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, portals became more and more popular among organizations (Klaene, 2004). A portal provides a solution for aggregating content and applications from various information systems for presentation to the user (Linwood & Minter, 2004). Generally, portals pose three main architectural requirements (Linwood & Minter, 2004): as portals integrate heterogeneous content from various sources, a modularized architecture is necessary to allow maintainable portal systems. Second, portals require separating various concerns (Fowler, Rice, & Foemmel, 2002). For instance, the portal’s user interface is supposed to display heterogeneous content consistently on various devices, whereas the backend is supposed to syndicate content from various sources. Third, a consistent management and coordination of different information sources, portal elements, and other components is necessary for good portals design. Based on these three characteristics of portals we investigate existing portal solutions (BEA WebLogic, IBM Websphere, Liferay Portal, eXo Platform, and JBoss Portal) to identify best practices in portal architectural design. In software engineering best practices are usually captured in patterns. The idea of using patterns for capturing best practices has been transferred from the fields of architecture and cognitive research to software engineering aiming at enhancing software development (Gamma, Helm, Johnson, & Vlissides, 1995) in terms of reusability or using established solutions. Furthermore, we identify patterns that are not used in the analyzed portals, but may significantly contribute to good architectural design. Based on our analysis, we construct a portal pattern language to summarize existing best practices in portal architecture. Using the portal pattern language assists portal developers in evaluating specific design problems in the context of related problems. Thus, portal design decisions are made with an overall background of best practices in portal development. The article is structured as follows: first we give an overview of patterns and their use in software development. Next, we present architectural design patterns that are being applied in portal development. Based on this, we construct the core set of a portal pattern language to support design decisions for portal architectures. The article closes with a summary and outlook on future research","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115465522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardisation for Electronic Markets","authors":"K. Jakobs","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH158","url":null,"abstract":"Until not so long ago, electronic business was typically characterised by one-to-one relations—a customer doing business with a vendor. A big vendor would have business relations with a large number of customers, but these were all still individual one-to-one relations. This classic B2B environment may be characterised by longstanding relations, quite frequently between a powerful customer and smaller suppliers. Here, the distribution of benefits was typically fairly uneven, with the big players reaping most of the benefits. Moreover, they would typically require their business partners to use a specific technology, which would suit their needs, but in many cases would be unsuitable for the small suppliers. As a result, there was not such a big need for standardised systems, because the standards were (implicitly) set by the big players for their respective networks anyway. This situation is about to change with the proliferation of electronic marketplaces, each of which is characterised by a many-to-many relation (see Figure 1). This relation, in turn, is made up of a number of one-to-one relations, supplier—marketplace on the one hand and buyer—marketplace on the other. One of the major consequences of this shift is the increased anonymity of buyers and sellers, who no longer do business directly, but through a mediator—the marketplace. Thus, the provision of adequate means to achieve the necessary level of trust is becoming crucial. Obviously, this needs to be supported by the marketplace.","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122006141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning Geography with the G-Portal Digital Library","authors":"D. Goh","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH092","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121509792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing and Deploying Campus Portals in Higher Education","authors":"T. Chan","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH030","url":null,"abstract":"A portal is a doorway, a gate, or a means of entrance. For example, the local library is a portal for knowledge. In this age of the Internet, portal refers to a Web site that offers a broad array of resources and services, such as e-mail, forums, search engines, and online shopping malls (Webopedia, 2005). Like any project, portal development should observe the system development life cycle guidelines with activities including planning, analysis, design, implementation, and support. Launching a portal requires careful planning and strategizing. Analysis defines a portal’s requirements, determining its content and functionality. Design selects the appropriate software, platform, and architecture. Implementation makes the “build or buy” decision. Support is to maintain the portal, provide support, and perform upgrades.","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"220 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122151267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}