Atoll Research Bulletin最新文献

{"title":"New data on the locations of seagrass species in the Indian Ocean","authors":"N. Mil'chakova, R. C. Phillips, V. G. Ryabogina","doi":"10.5479/SI.00775630.537.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5479/SI.00775630.537.177","url":null,"abstract":"localities and depths are described for seven seagrasses (Syringodium isoetifolium, Halodule uninervis, Cymodocea rotundata, Thalassodendron ciliatum, Halophila decipiens, Halophila stipulacea and Enhalus acoroides) collected in the indian ocean during four expeditions. These data are compared with those reported from the literature. Maps showing the formerly unknown localities are given.","PeriodicalId":34898,"journal":{"name":"Atoll Research Bulletin","volume":"537 1","pages":"177-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70937375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water Column Structure and Circulation In The Main channel, Twin Cays, Belize","authors":"S. Kibler, M. A. Faust, M. Vandersea, S. Varnam, R. Litaker, P. Tester","doi":"10.5479/SI.00775630.535.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5479/SI.00775630.535.136","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34898,"journal":{"name":"Atoll Research Bulletin","volume":"535 1","pages":"136-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70937348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planktonic Protozoan Populations of Five West Indian Reefs","authors":"J. Fornshell","doi":"10.5479/SI.00775630.533.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5479/SI.00775630.533.93","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34898,"journal":{"name":"Atoll Research Bulletin","volume":"533 1","pages":"93-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70937732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Genetic and Developmental Studies on Malocostracan Crustacea","authors":"W. E. Browne","doi":"10.5479/SI.00775630.522.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5479/SI.00775630.522.1","url":null,"abstract":"Arthropods dominate our seas, land, and air and have done so for hundreds of \u0000millions of years. Among the arthropods the crustaceans present us with an extremely \u0000rich history of morphological change, much of which is still represented among extant \u0000forms (morphological disparity among the crustaceans is much higher than in any other \u0000group of arthropods). With regard to the Crustacea, several characteristics of the \u0000amphipod crustacean embryo make it particularly well suited to embryological \u0000manipulations. These include early holoblastic (complete) cleavage coupled with early \u0000cell division asymmetries that facilitate microinjection. The high diversity of crustacean \u0000taxa near Carrie Bow Cay presents a unique opportunity to extend previous findings in \u0000laboratory strains of the amphipod Parhyale hawaiensis. In addition, the exploration of \u0000standing genetic variation in natural populations may yield important clues in the search \u0000for mechanisms by which genes influence organismal development and sculpt \u0000morphology through time. The principal collection sites are at south Twin Cays (Twin \u0000Bays, Hidden Creek), Manatee Cay (Pelican Cays), and outside the barrier reef near \u0000Carrie Bow Cay.","PeriodicalId":34898,"journal":{"name":"Atoll Research Bulletin","volume":"522 1","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70937669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benthic microbial mats: important sources of fixed nitrogen and carbon to the Twin Cays, Belize ecosystem","authors":"S. Joye, Rosalynn Lee","doi":"10.5479/SI.00775630.528.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5479/SI.00775630.528.1","url":null,"abstract":"We collected surface microbial mats at sites on Twin Cays, Belize to determine rates of primary production and nitrogen transformations. A diverse array of cyanobacteria including filamentous, coccoidal and heterocystous cyanobacteria, as well as purple sulfur bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria, were important components of microbial mat communities. Sediment chlorophyll a concentrations illustrated a high \u0000photosynthetic biomass in surface sediments. Rates of primary carbon fixation, measured as gross oxygenic photosynthesis, and nitrogen fixation and denitrification, measured using specific metabolic inhibitors, were determined during day-and-night incubations. \u0000Primary production rates were similarly high across different mat types. Nitrogen fixation rates were substantial under in situ conditions and nighttime activity frequently exceeded daytime activity. In situ denitrification rates were very low in all incubations. \u0000In the presence of added nitrate, however, denitrification rates increased significantly during daytime and nighttime incubations so that they equaled or exceeded nitrogen fixation rates. Collectively, our data show that microbial mats are a significant source of fixed carbon and nitrogen to the Twin Cays ecosystem and suggest that mats may serve \u0000as an important component of the ecosystem's food web.","PeriodicalId":34898,"journal":{"name":"Atoll Research Bulletin","volume":"528 1","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70937634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Aquatic Environment of Twin Cays, Belize","authors":"K. Rützler, I. Goodbody, M. Díaz, I. Feller, I. Macintyre","doi":"10.5479/SI.00775630.512.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5479/SI.00775630.512.1","url":null,"abstract":"The rich fauna and flora of Twin Cays off southern Belize were explored and \u0000compared with coral and turtle-grass habitats of the surrounding Belize lagoon and the \u0000nearby barrier reef. Among the many subtidal habitats found in these cays, some 20 \u0000stations were routinely sampled to study the composition of plankton and benthos, \u0000sediment and peat bottoms, and to investigate the parameters that determine distribution. \u0000The work also focused on distribution patterns, animal behavior, and community \u0000development over geological time scales. Each station is examined for its particular \u0000properties, including topography, substratum types, environmental parameters, and \u0000predominant organisms and communities, particularly the sessile benthos.","PeriodicalId":34898,"journal":{"name":"Atoll Research Bulletin","volume":"512 1","pages":"1-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70936843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraordinary mound building forms of Avrainvillea (Bryopsidales, Chlorophyta): their experimental taxonomy, comparative functional morphology and ecological strategies","authors":"M. Littler, D. S. Littler, B. Brooks","doi":"10.5479/SI.00775630.515.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5479/SI.00775630.515.1","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of astounding mound-building forms ofAvrainvillea (to 30 m diam.) catalyzed this study. These colonial (possibly clonal) mounds dominate the standing stocks and productivity of protected, shallow, eutrophic interiors of Belizean mangrove islands. A comrnongarden reciprocal-transplant experiment showed that the mound formers (A. longicaulis f. laxa and A. asarifolia f. olivacea fiom Twin Cays), which we initially hypothesized to be undescribed species, readily acquired the morphological features consistent with the taxa characteristic of open-water habitats (A. longicaulis f. longicaulis and A. asarifolia f. asarifolia fiom Curlew Cay), thereby falsifjring the hypothesis that the mound formers are distinct species. In support of the coloniality hypothesis, the Twin Cays f. laxa and f. olivacea morphs were uniquely adapted to produce flabellar stipes that serve as shallow subterranean rhizomes which spread laterally to overgrow rich organic peat bottoms. The massive columnar rhizoidal holdfasts found in the Curlew Cay f. longicaulis and f. asarifolia morphs were adaptive for both anchoring and obtaining pore-water nutrients, but proved to be superfluous under placid enriched water-column nutrient conditions and were incapable of surviving the deeper anoxic conditions of the composting peat deposits. The large colonial mangrove morphs (i.e., f. laxa and f. olivacea) were not physically resistant to even the moderate current levels (3.6k0.5 cm per sec) encountered in the back-reef lagoon habitats ofthe deeply anchored morphs (i.e., f. longicaulis and f. asarifolia). However, smaller 2-3 blade clumps, with their stipes deeply buried, survived and grew. Consistent with the perennation hypothesis, only the experimentally amputated Curlew Cay morphs (both f. longicaulis and f. asarifolia) showed significantly more proliferations (1 00 %) than either the amputated Twin Cays morphs (both f. laxa and f. olivacea) or the uncut Curlew and Twin Cays control plants. The stipes and blades of the open-water morphs (f. longicaulis and f. asarifolia) serve as expendable assimilators with a major function of building a massive perennatinglstorage organ, the columnar holdfast, which comprises the bulk of the plant. Physical disturbances (such as storms and herbivory), as well as physiological stresses (such as epiphyte loading), can cause disproportionate losses of the relatively delicate expendable assimilators which are replaced subsequently by perennation fiom the long-lived subterranean holdfast during more favorable conditions.","PeriodicalId":34898,"journal":{"name":"Atoll Research Bulletin","volume":"515 1","pages":"1-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70937124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal variation in epiphytic foraminiferal biotas from Thalassia seagrass habitats, Twin Cays, Belize","authors":"Susan L Richardson","doi":"10.5479/SI.00775630.517.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5479/SI.00775630.517.1","url":null,"abstract":"The epiphytic foraminifera1 biotas living on the seagrass T/zzalassia testzrrlimun were surveyed at four sites in the Twin Cays, Belize (Boston Bay, Sponge Haven, the Main Channel near the dock, and 'Cuda Cut) during June 2001 and February 2002 in order to investigate seasonal variation in diversity, distribution, and abundance. Twelve blades were surveyed from each site and all live epiphytic foraminiferans were identified to species (S=41) and counted (N=15,455). The sites surveyed showed distinct seasonal differences in mean density of individuals per unit blade area (~ lcm\" , species richness (S), and evenness (E), between June 2001 (the warmer, wet season) and February 2002 (the cooler, dry season). The mean density of individuals per unit blade area was higher at all sites in June 2001, compared with February 2002. Although mean species richness per blade did not show a significant seasonal signal, the total species richness recorded at each site was higher during June 2001, relative to February 2002, for all sites except Boston Bay. Likewise, values of evenness were higher in June 2001, relative to February 2002, except for the Boston Bay site. Both abiotic and biotic factors are considered to influence the seasonal differences in the population densities and species composition of the epiphytic foraminiferans living on T. testudirzunz in the vicinity of the Twin Cays mangrove island. It is suggested that seasonal differences at this locality may result from an influx of nutrients from the adjacent mangrove fringe during the wet season, an incursion of open-water species into the mangrove habitats during the dry season, and the thermal tolerances of individual species. The high dominance of the encrusting, milioline species Rhizorzubecula sp. observed at all sites in the Main Channel in June 2001, and again at the Dock site in February 2002, highlights the potential utility of this species as a bioindicator of increased nutrients in mangrove habitats.","PeriodicalId":34898,"journal":{"name":"Atoll Research Bulletin","volume":"517 1","pages":"1-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70937193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bryozoans from Belize","authors":"J. Winston","doi":"10.5479/SI.00775630.523.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5479/SI.00775630.523.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34898,"journal":{"name":"Atoll Research Bulletin","volume":"523 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70937718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mangrove landscape characterization and change in Twin Cays, Belize using aerial photography and IKONOS satellite data","authors":"W. Rodriguez, I. Feller","doi":"10.5479/SI.00775630.513.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5479/SI.00775630.513.1","url":null,"abstract":"We used aerial black-and-white and color photography, in conjunction with multispectral IKONOS satellite imagery, to classify mangrove vegetation and to characterize the spatial distribution of deforestation from 1986 to 2003 at Twin Cays, an intertidal mangrove archipelago located in the Mesoamerican Bamer Reef ecosystem in Belize, Central America. The classification map consists of seven classes and 29 subclasses that reflect the present (up to 2003) condition of mangrove forests (e.g., species, growth status, and deforestation) in the island. Land cover change analysis during this 15-year period showed a 52% increase in deforestation of mangrove communities across the archipelago, the creation of numerous survey lines, and the disappearance of parts of the fringe zone. The vegetation map presented in this study will help us develop spatial relationships at the plot and landscape scales between mangrove growth patterns and biogeochemical, nutrient cycling processes, and hydrological data in follow up studies. Our results could also be used by natural resource managers as a decision-making tool for sustainable management of mangrove tropical ecosystems in the Caribbean and other regions.","PeriodicalId":34898,"journal":{"name":"Atoll Research Bulletin","volume":"34 1","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70936854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}