Journal of Education and Ethics in Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Current scenario of problem-based learning in medical and dental education in India","authors":"T. Shamim","doi":"10.4103/jeed.jeed_5_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jeed.jeed_5_18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":348927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Ethics in Dentistry","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114146735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional lecture versus video/discussion-based instruction and their effects on learning behavior guidance techniques","authors":"Kristen Douglas, M. Wells, E. Deschepper, M. Donaldson","doi":"10.4103/JEED.JEED_22_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JEED.JEED_22_17","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the traditional lecture-based instruction to a contemporary format, which simulated the flipped classroom, on student learning of behavior guidance techniques (BGTs). Both types of instruction included video examples of BGTs. The secondary aims were (1) to examine the students' preference of learning style on test performance and (2) to determine the student perceptions about the methods of instruction with videos. Subjects and Methods: Videos of practitioners performing BGTs were recorded. Dental students in their third year of training were recruited to participate (n = 70). Students were randomly divided into two groups as they entered the facility: (1) contemporary instruction (CI) and (2) traditional instruction (TI). The CI group watched a 20-min “mini-lecture” that simulated an online module and then divided into discussion groups led by calibrated pediatric residents and faculty. The TI group received 50 min of traditional lecture with videos incorporated in the presentation. At the completion of the course, students completed a questionnaire, which assessed the student's learning of the objectives of the course and his/her perceptions of the learning experience. Results: The CI group performed significantly better on the posttest questionnaire (P = 0.001). After instruction, students felt most comfortable employing Tell-Show-Do and Positive Reinforcement. Students' perception of the usefulness of video examples of BGTs was high with mean 4-point Likert scores of 3.53 CI and 3.52 TI. Conclusions: The CI format improved the students' learning of the topic as assessed by test scores. Behavior guidance education for predoctoral students could be enhanced by the use of videos and discussion-based learning.","PeriodicalId":348927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Ethics in Dentistry","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124982243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic prophylaxis for systemic diseases in dental treatment, recommended or not recommended: A survey among dental students","authors":"Prabhu Subramani, Sswedheni Ujjayanthi","doi":"10.4103/jeed.jeed_15_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jeed.jeed_15_15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To prevent infectious complications from transient bacteremia in patients with specific medical conditions, antibiotic prophylaxis is considered. Although many guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis have been published; recommendations are often unclear. This study was conducted to assess the confidence of the dental students in administering antibiotics for the patients with systemic diseases. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive questionnaire survey employing cluster random sampling was conducted among dental colleges in Chennai. The questionnaire comprised eight simulated cases of patients with different medical conditions, the following dental procedures such as scaling, simple extraction, and root canal treatment, and visual analog scale (VAS) were used to assess how confident are the interns in their decision to administer antibiotics. Chi-square test was used difference in decision across gender, and independent samples t-test was used to test the overall confidence in decision in the administration of antibiotics. P < 0.05 is considered statistically significant. Results: Response rate in the present study was 76.6%, n = 353 study participants participated in the present study. The overall mean in confidence assessments for the study participants was 75.6 mm on the VAS and the range was 64–86 mm. Study participants differ in their opinion in the administration of antibiotic prophylaxis for dental treatment in the management of patients with systemic diseases (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Although the study participants are generally aware of antibiotic prophylaxis, they were not clear in their decision in administration of antibiotics and their level of confidence is also low.","PeriodicalId":348927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Ethics in Dentistry","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121726459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental students' perception regarding their training on geriatrics","authors":"L. Souza, R. D. De Marchi, S. Mestriner, P. Bulgarelli, A. Bulgarelli","doi":"10.4103/JEED.JEED_37_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JEED.JEED_37_15","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study presents findings of the first study developed in Brazil, using the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM) instrument, to evaluate students' perceptions regarding the learning environment through an undergraduate dentistry course. Particularly, the aim was to evaluate geriatrics learning and training process outside the university boundaries during an outreach program. Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive study by means of the DREEM questionnaire applied in 114 undergraduate students from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Data analysis was performed by means of ANOVA statistical test with SPSS software. Results: Average DREEM score, of all domains of the questionnaire, is higher for females with a good perception and younger males have a more positive self-perception of their academic life. Conclusions: The course of geriatrics at the studied university faces some potential facts, but at the same time, presents absence of a psychological support to the student and this reflects their perceptions of self-learning.","PeriodicalId":348927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Ethics in Dentistry","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122375036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teaching bioethics to the young learners using flashcards","authors":"B. Sadhu, Nigam Bopanna","doi":"10.4103/JEED.JEED_16_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JEED.JEED_16_17","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Education can be effective when combined with entertainment making it edutainment and this includes dramas, flashcards, board games, etc. Flashcards are handy, valuable, useful, and easy to carry at various locations. Aim: The aim of this study is to use educative flashcards designed for clinical undergraduate students to learn bioethics and its application. Settings and Design: Experimental double-blinded study was conducted to use educative flashcards on Bioethics and its application, designed for clinical undergraduate students. Materials and Methods: Participants were divided into three groups, Group 1 was traditional teaching method where class was taken for 1 h, for Group 2 only flashcards were given, and for Group 3 both classes was taken and flashcards were given. After a week, semiconstructed pretested questionnaire was given to all the participants. Statistical Analysis: Data were collected, coded and fed in SPSS (IBM version 23) for further analysis. Results: Nearly 43.3%, 13.3%, and 30% of them from Group 1, 2, and 3, respectively, thought that professionalism was same as bioethics (P< 0.05, χ2 = 6.599). Nearly 86.7%, 96.7%, and 100% of them from Group 1, 2, and 3 respectively, knew it was important to highlight the cost involved before taking consent for any procedure (P > 0.05 and χ2 = 5.506). Only, 53.3%, 53.3%, and 86.7% of them from Group 1, 2, and 3, respectively, knew that there is an ethical committee in this institution. Conclusion: Participants from Group 2 and 3 have fairly more knowledge compared to participants from Group 1 where majority of the answers were not right.","PeriodicalId":348927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Ethics in Dentistry","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133258947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Student evaluation of a didactic-oriented teaching model in preclinical endodontics","authors":"Robert M Block, Fatima M. Mncube-Barnes, P. Supan, Vincent Agboto","doi":"10.4103/JEED.JEED_39_14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JEED.JEED_39_14","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Current millennial-generation dental students have learning preferences which differ from students of the past. Today's dental students strongly embrace cutting edge technologies, and respond well to a pre-clinical educational curriculum which embraces Evidence-Based Dentistry. Aim: Using the elements of Chickering and Gamson's Seven Principles of Good Practice in Higher Education, this study examined the effectiveness of a contemporary teaching model which differs from the traditional passive “teaching and instruction” approach. Materials and Methods: The Institutional Review Board approved this study. Students from the combined classes of 2012 and 2013 (180 of 191) completed a 25 question survey to evaluate the effectiveness of a teaching model in Pre-clinical Endodontics. Survey questions assessed relevance of class materials, professionalism, and motivation, as well as all facets of the Teaching Model. Scoring employed a three point Likert scale: Excellent (3); Good (2); and, Poor (1). Descriptive statistics were used to determine students' perceived understanding of the course. The comparison between students' mean responses in the sophomore class of spring 2012 and the class of spring 2013 was conducted using a two sample independent t-test to test for differences in mean scores among the two groups. The survey instrument used in this class assessed encouragement of contact between students and faculty (Principle 1); development of reciprocity and cooperation among students (Principle 2); encouragement of active learning (Principle 3); prompt feedback (Principle 4); emphasis of time on task (Principle 5); communicating high expectations (Principle 6); and respecting diverse talents and ways of learning (Principle 7). Results: This paper highlights a newly designed Teaching Effectiveness Model to teach pre-clinical Endodontics to sophomore dental students. Statistical analysis of Likert scale data demonstrated a relationship between the Seven Principles and the Teaching Effectiveness Model. Conclusion: The effectiveness of this teaching model was confirmed by the high pass rate scores (98, 100%) in 2012 AND 2013 classes on the endodontic section of both the written National Board of Dental Examiners and the endodontic section of the clinical state and regional board licensing exams.","PeriodicalId":348927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Ethics in Dentistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122340524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National Eligibility Cum Entrance Test should not be considered as sole criteria for gaining entry into medical education in India","authors":"V. Shanbhag","doi":"10.4103/JEED.JEED_21_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JEED.JEED_21_17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":348927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Ethics in Dentistry","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127556972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge awareness and prescription practice of antibiotics among private dental practitioners in Mangalore","authors":"Anahita Punj, Santhosh B. Shenoy, Biju Thomas, A. Ramesh","doi":"10.4103/JEED.JEED_1_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JEED.JEED_1_17","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dental practitioners commonly prescribe antibiotics to treat dental infections. Literature suggests that inappropriate use of antibiotics is common in dental practice. Proper use of antibiotics thus becomes essential to ensure that effective and safe treatment is available and that practices that may enhance microbial resistance are avoided. To improve the standards of care, dentists need to keep themselves updated with the current patterns of antibiotic prescription and their use. Aim: This study aims to assess the level of knowledge and awareness of antibiotic use/misuse, and prophylactic use among private dental practitioners of Mangalore by studying their prescription pattern. Subjects and Methods: Questionnaires were distributed to all the private dental practitioners in Mangalore, who willingly consented to participate in the study. The responses obtained were then analyzed. The distribution of variables was described in terms of frequency and percentage. Results: Penicillin group (amoxicillin) was the most common prescribed antibiotic for almost all dental infections, followed by the combination of amoxicillin and metronidazole. Tetracycline was most commonly prescribed for periodontal diseases. Although dentists had adequate knowledge in prescribing antibiotics for dental infections, some lacked knowledge regarding the indications of antibiotic prophylaxis needed in cardiac conditions, rheumatic fever or sinusitis. There were others who were unaware of the alternative antibiotic choices required in necessary cases. Conclusion: The therapeutic prescribing of antibiotics in general dental practice varies widely and is suboptimal. There is a clear need for the development of prescribing guidelines and educational initiatives to encourage the rational and appropriate use of the antibiotics in general dental practice.","PeriodicalId":348927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Ethics in Dentistry","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132757676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress and the pediatric dental resident: Contributing factors and coping mechanisms","authors":"Laquia A Vinson, Julie Niès, James E. Jones, A. Tomlin, R. Jackson, B. Sanders","doi":"10.4103/JEED.JEED_23_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JEED.JEED_23_16","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine self-reported stress levels and coping mechanisms utilized by current pediatric dental residents to generate recommendations to program directors. Subjects and Methods: A 26-question online survey was completed by 250 current United States and Canadian pediatric dental residents and summarized using frequencies and percentages. Statistical Analysis Used: Relationships between various factors and stress levels were evaluated separately using Mantel-Haenszel Chi-square tests for ordered categorical responses. Relationships between various factors and depressive symptoms were evaluated separately using Pearson Chi-square tests. All test were performed with a significance level of P = 0.05. Results: Forty percent of respondents report their stress level as high or medium-high. Stress levels were individually related to gender, academic demands, clinical demands, sleep factors, and hours per week devoted to the residency program. The most common coping mechanisms employed include exercise or sports (68%), television (66%), and socializing (62%). Conclusions: Prospective applicants should recognize the potential for additional stressors that present when one enters into a postgraduate training program; current residents should monitor their stress levels and employ healthy coping mechanisms. Program directors should be cognizant of lifestyle burdens encountered as a resident, evaluate stress levels at timely intervals, and refer to appropriate health and wellness assistance programs as necessary.","PeriodicalId":348927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Ethics in Dentistry","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131277009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodontal knowledge and awareness among South Indian medical professionals: A questionnaire-based survey","authors":"G. Sivaram, Divya Kumar, Puja Hariepriya, Jennifer Jeyaruby","doi":"10.4103/JEED.JEED_46_14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JEED.JEED_46_14","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aims to evaluate the knowledge and awareness of periodontal disease, its etiology and management among medical professionals. Materials and Methods: The 300 medical professionals included in this questionnaire-based survey comprised of doctors from government medical colleges and consultants in various specialties in private hospitals and clinics. The participants comprised of equal numbers of subjects in the medical profession including interns, postgraduates, and consultants. Results: The results from the questionnaire-based survey indicated that knowledge about periodontal terminologies was high among medical professionals. However, mixed response was elicited regarding the etiology, treatment, and current trends in periodontal practice. Conclusion: Awareness and knowledge of periodontal terminologies, the etiopathogenesis, treatment options and the current therapeutic trends amongst medical professionals can greatly contribute towards motivating patients for treatment and also provide necessary referrals.","PeriodicalId":348927,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Ethics in Dentistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115508187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}