The Archives of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Pre-operative Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Prior to Radical Prostatectomy: Impacts on Mental Health","authors":"N. Bandara, Dhruv Lalkiya, Parsa Khatami, Miles Mannas, V. Mehrnoush, W. Shahrour","doi":"10.33696/psychiatry.2.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/psychiatry.2.007","url":null,"abstract":"Prostate cancer has a notable public health impact. One of the key treatment modalities for prostate cancer is radical prostatectomy, which involves surgically removing the prostate. Unfortunately, there are adverse outcomes associated with this modality, specifically erectile dysfunction, and urinary incontinence. Preoperative pelvic floor muscle training has the potential to improve the erectile function and urinary continence postoperatively. Poor erectile function and urinary incontinence may negatively impact sexual and mental health. Therefore, preoperative pelvic floor muscle training has the potential to improve sexual and mental health. This study outlines potential barriers and practical ways to incorporate pelvic floor muscle training into the care that patients with prostate cancer receive.","PeriodicalId":348648,"journal":{"name":"The Archives of Psychiatry","volume":"45 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140487501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Narrative Development Process to Enhance Mental Health Considering Recent Hippocampus Research","authors":"Carol Nash","doi":"10.33696/psychiatry.2.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/psychiatry.2.008","url":null,"abstract":"Narrative development is fundamental to human mental health. Interventions providing individuals with the means to construct and recall robust and effective narratives are necessary in promoting positive mental health outcomes. The primary embodied location of personal narrative development is the hippocampus. Recent advances regarding the relationship among the hippocampus, narrative, and mental health are thus relevant concerning the hippocampal mechanisms that simultaneously function to map environmental position and to generate episodic memories. Consequently, this study considers the role of the hippocampus with a limited, six-database review of “hippocampus, narrative, mental health” that located 127 records, and included 14 reports for study. The results support creating and maintaining stable and coherent narratives as fundamental to human mental health. Without this, people distort facts in their personal accounts, their body functions are disrupted, and their DNA becomes altered (critical to cancer formation and development) in the effort to sustain these personal narratives. As such, narrative construction is found to lead to negative mental health in a variety of ways unless positively developed in a manner compatible with identified hippocampal functions. One intervention proven successful in enhancing robust and effective narratives that are stable and coherent is the Health Narratives Research Process developed for those researchers self-identifying as experiencing burnout. This process is outlined, and its most recent results presented, demonstrating not only improved mental health but doing so in support of identified hippocampal function—offering the opportunity for future research regarding the relationship among narrative development, mental health, and the hippocampus.","PeriodicalId":348648,"journal":{"name":"The Archives of Psychiatry","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140488589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Patient-Reported Social Factors in Promoting Buprenorphine Consistency","authors":"Brenna Cook, Michelle Eglovitch, D. Svikis, Caitlin E Martin","doi":"10.33696/psychiatry.1.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/psychiatry.1.006","url":null,"abstract":"Background: While medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) reduce overdose risk, inconsistent use can lead to substance use recurrence and compromise achieving optimal opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment outcomes. Research is limited on patient-reported perspectives on consistency of MOUD self-administration at home and its related social factors.\u0000\u0000Objectives: The primary aim was to report on rates of patient-reported buprenorphine consistency among a sample receiving outpatient OUD treatment. The secondary aim was to explore differences in social determinants of health (SDOH) between patients reporting and not reporting lapses in buprenorphine dosing.\u0000\u0000Methods: This is a secondary analysis from a cross-sectional survey and medical record abstraction study (N=96). The primary outcome was patient-reported buprenorphine consistency, as defined as no lapses in buprenorphine dosing in a preceding 28-day period. SDOH survey items were adapted from the Healthy People 2030 framework.\u0000\u0000Results: Participants (n= 96) were three quarters female (74.0%); most identified as white (54.2%) or Black (38.9%). Most reported not missing any buprenorphine doses over the preceding 28-days (88.5%). Demographic and clinical variables were similar between buprenorphine consistency groups. Participants reporting no missed doses reported few negative social determinants of health (examples: 90% not needing help reading hospital materials and not being afraid that they would be hurt in their apartment building or house).\u0000\u0000Discussion: These findings reinforce the known role of SDOH as strong predictors of treatment outcomes for chronic diseases (like substance use disorders), beyond contributions by demographic or clinical variables alone.\u0000\u0000Conclusions: Future MOUD research should incorporate patient perspectives with the goal of informing patient-centered interventions. Scientific Significance: Promoting consistency in buprenorphine dosing using strategies grounded in patient experience could be an avenue to promote positive OUD treatment outcomes.","PeriodicalId":348648,"journal":{"name":"The Archives of Psychiatry","volume":"50 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139527845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alexithymia in Alcohol Dependence – A Case Control Study from a Rural Tertiary Health Care Center","authors":"Harshal Sathe, Shraddha Borhade, Aishwarya Awalekar, Janhavi Purandare, S. Karia","doi":"10.33696/psychiatry.1.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/psychiatry.1.005","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Alexithymia is a personality trait characterized by difficulty in identifying, expressing, and describing one’s emotions. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the relationship between alexithymia and alcohol dependence. Several studies have found that alexithymia is more prevalent in individuals with alcohol dependence compared to healthy controls.\u0000\u0000Objectives: The current research aimed to compare alexithymia between individuals with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome (ADS) and healthy controls among residents of rural India. Additionally, the study sought to assess the association of alexithymia with the duration, severity of drinking, and obsessive-compulsive drinking behaviors.\u0000\u0000Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted involving 49 patients with alcohol dependence and 52 healthy controls in the Psychiatry department of a rural tertiary healthcare center in central India. The Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) was utilized to evaluate alexithymia, while patterns of drinking were assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) and the Obsessive-Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS).\u0000\u0000Results: Significant differences were observed in alexithymia levels between patients with alcohol dependence and healthy controls. Furthermore, alexithymia levels were significantly associated with the duration and severity of alcohol consumption, as well as with the presence of obsessive-compulsive drinking patterns.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: This study underscores the noteworthy association between alexithymia and obsessive-compulsive drinking behaviors in individuals with alcohol dependence. The findings underscore the importance of addressing emotional difficulties and alexithymia in patients with alcohol dependence.","PeriodicalId":348648,"journal":{"name":"The Archives of Psychiatry","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139003676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics of Outpatient Adolescents Undergoing Ongoing Psychotherapy in a Greek Tertiary Hospital from June 2016 to December 2019","authors":"P. Voultsos, E. Tsamadou, E. Demertzi","doi":"10.33696/psychiatry.1.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/psychiatry.1.003","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adolescents with mental disorders often have difficulty engaging in ongoing treatment. Dropout from treatment is common.\u0000\u0000Aim: This paper aims to explore the clinical characteristics of a cohort of adolescents with mental disorders who were stably and actively undergoing psychotherapy over a relatively long period of time (for at least four months).\u0000\u0000Method: A purposive single-center cross-sectional cohort survey was conducted from June 2016 to December 2019. The sample of the study (N=50) was recruited from the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry outpatient setting of a large tertiary hospital of Thessaloniki, the second largest city in Greece. An intelligence test (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, WISC III) and a self-report measure of depression (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI II) were used. All the participants underwent a rigorous clinical assessment of their mental health status in both initial and ongoing psychotherapy. The initial diagnosis was reconfirmed during the course of therapy. Mental disorders were defined and diagnosed using the ICD-10 (1992) (International Classification of Diseases).\u0000\u0000Results: The largest percentage of adolescents (44.9%) were found to suffer from mood (affective) disorders, while 20.4% suffered from neurotic disorders. We also found high prevalence of pessimism (32.7%), reduction of energy (28.6%) and difficulty in concentration (32.7%). A total of 22.4% of adolescents reported sleep disorders. A limited interest in sex was noted, which was in contrast with international and Greek data, where interest and experimentation around sex seems to preoccupy a high percentage of adolescents. Furthermore, sleep disorders, either as a symptom of an underlying disease or as an independent clinical condition, seem to preoccupy adolescents, and this may be a motive for them to seek treatment.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: For the most part, the findings of this study were consistent with the findings of prior studies; however, previous studies did not exclusively include adolescents engaging in ongoing psychotherapy. As we identified some inconsistencies with prior studies related to interest in sex and sleep disorders, further research is recommended for the investigation of possible correlations between these findings and ongoing psychotherapy engagement rates. Note, however, that the findings in this study are not representative of adolescents in Greece due to the fact that the used sample was not representative.","PeriodicalId":348648,"journal":{"name":"The Archives of Psychiatry","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124942775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicide and Violent Behavior in Psychotic Inpatients","authors":"Jayatamarai Vijayen, K. Hui, A. Siddiq","doi":"10.33696/psychiatry.1.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/psychiatry.1.002","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This study compares the association between psychosis, suicide, and violent behavior in patients admitted and discharged from the psychiatric ward. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The experimental study was done with all the psychotic patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria upon admission and discharge from a teaching hospital in Malaysia. The study was conducted for a duration of five months from March to July 2022. Psychotic patients with various diagnoses based on the DSM-5 were interviewed. PANSS score was used upon admission and discharge to look at the severity of psychosis. Suicide behavior was assessed using SBQ-R while violent behavior was assessed using MOAS. Sample size consist of 100 consecutive psychotic patients. Results: Suicide behavior was noted to be present in patients no matter the severity of psychosis. Upon discharge, even after the improvement of psychosis, patients were still at risk of suicide behavior. Violent behavior was noted to be present in most of the patients in the PANSS group (except for the moderately ill patients) no matter the severity of psychosis. However, upon discharge from the psychiatric ward, we can see that all patients went home not having violent behavior. This concludes that, when psychosis improves, the risk of having violent behavior reduces. Conclusions: Further exploration on the reasons of why suicide behavior persists in psychotic patients has to be done by clinicians. It is dangerous for clinicians to make assumptions that psychotic patients presenting with suicide behavior are solely due to the psychosis.","PeriodicalId":348648,"journal":{"name":"The Archives of Psychiatry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131130228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Future of Jail-Based Competency Treatment: Commentary from 30,000 Feet","authors":"Ph.D Jerry L. Jennings, K. Rice","doi":"10.33696/psychiatry.1.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/psychiatry.1.001","url":null,"abstract":"In their recent article, “Jail-Based Competency Treatment Comes of Age,” Jennings et al. [1] reviewed the historical development of the model and presented the first largescale empirical support for its effectiveness, which covered eight years of outcomes across four different program sites for nearly 2,000 Incompetent to Stand Trial (IST) defendants. As expressed in the title of the article, they asserted that the jail-based competency treatment (JBCT) model is, for better or worse, here to stay. For mental health advocates and other critics of the concept of jail-based restoration, the establishment of jail-based competency treatment may be an unwelcome development. This commentary looks at the emergence of the JBCT from a broader “30,000 foot” perspective that puts JBCT in the context of how JBCT can best be applied within the current realities of the forensic mental health crisis in America.","PeriodicalId":348648,"journal":{"name":"The Archives of Psychiatry","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127981860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}