Network and Migration in Early Renaissance Florence, 1378-1433最新文献

II. The Centre of the Network: The Scolari Family 2网络中心:斯科拉里家族

Network and Migration in Early Renaissance Florence, 1378-1433 Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9789048540990-004

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Index 指数

Network and Migration in Early Renaissance Florence, 1378-1433 Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9789048540990-011

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IV. The Outer Circle of the Network: Friends of Business 四、网络外圈:商业之友

Network and Migration in Early Renaissance Florence, 1378-1433 Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9789048540990-006

Pippo Scolari

{"title":"IV. The Outer Circle of the Network: Friends of Business","authors":"Pippo Scolari","doi":"10.1515/9789048540990-006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9789048540990-006","url":null,"abstract":"Another circle of the Scolaris’ social network in Hungary consisted of those individuals who established more distant links to the centre of the network – Pippo Scolari and his closest male relatives – but had no blood or marriage ties with them. Some of these men were neighbours to the Scolari and others were supporters of the Albizzi faction. But the most important features in their relations to the Scolari were their common business interests. John Padgett and Paul McLean claimed that company partnership may indicate existing friendship ties among individuals in this period.1 As we have already seen, the prevalence of the Medici faction which, according to Dale Kent, was built on networks of patronage, might have been closely related to their well-connectedness in business life.2 Following this argument, it might be safe to say that the Scolaris’ success in the Kingdom of Hungary was also highly dependent upon their business network, which they built in both states. This web of relations in Hungary might have worked in a similar way to the patronage network of the Medici, facilitating the access to various city off ices for their friends’ friends.3 However, not all neighbours, political allies, and company partners necessarily became close friends to the extent that they might have wanted to cooperate with each other on other levels as well. For those who did, friendship most commonly included several other aspects too. Participation in legal matters is most commonly associated with strong friendship ties among Florentine individuals. Thomas Kuehn has widely investigated how neighbours, partners, and kin dealt with various sorts of disputes by means of private arbitrators. Given the importance of such mediation between individuals and their families, arbitrators were commonly chosen from their","PeriodicalId":348628,"journal":{"name":"Network and Migration in Early Renaissance Florence, 1378-1433","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130885281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Appendix 附录

Network and Migration in Early Renaissance Florence, 1378-1433 Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9789048540990-009

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V. The Periphery of the Network: Friends of Commission 五、网络边缘:委托之友

Network and Migration in Early Renaissance Florence, 1378-1433 Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9789048540990-007

{"title":"V. The Periphery of the Network: Friends of Commission","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9789048540990-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9789048540990-007","url":null,"abstract":"In constructing a family image in early Renaissance Florence, as well as contemporary Hungary, commissions to skilled artisans served to build up the fame of the family, as well as to preserve its memory.1 In her analysis on the artistic patronage of the Nasi and the Del Pugliese families, back then both new to Florentine society, Jill Burke has shown the ways they attempted to create a public image for their lineages by means of visual representation.2 Even though the Scolari was an ancient lineage, which traced ancestry back three centuries, because of their lost status and influence, they needed to reintroduce themselves to the Florentine ruling elite. Their commissions of objects and buildings testify to the fact that the three elder Scolaris’ concern in enforcing their family’s identity provided a basis for cooperation, or maybe even friendship, with several signif icant Florentine artisans. Among them were leading goldsmiths, architects, and painters, who, by their innovative spirit, contributed considerably to the development of the early Renaissance material culture. Artisans in Florence typically did not belong to the same social strata as merchants. Though the most prestigious among them might have had family names that were developed before the studied period, the lack of their political influence as well as their modest family patrimony did not entitle them to intermarry with the mercantile elite.3 Only exceptions like the Gaddi family, which had both international merchants and important artisans among its members, might have maintained nuptial ties to other merchant families.4 However, artisans became part of a similarly complex network of commissions, also including those merchants and their families who wished","PeriodicalId":348628,"journal":{"name":"Network and Migration in Early Renaissance Florence, 1378-1433","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121270692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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I. Florentine Networks in Europe 1 .欧洲的佛罗伦萨网络

Network and Migration in Early Renaissance Florence, 1378-1433 Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9789048540990-003

R. Lopez

{"title":"I. Florentine Networks in Europe","authors":"R. Lopez","doi":"10.1515/9789048540990-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9789048540990-003","url":null,"abstract":"Robert Sabatino Lopez described twelfth-century Italian communes as ‘Governments of the merchants, by the merchants, for the merchants’, which accurately reflects the most important characteristic of the Florentine state and society in the studied period: the predominance of merchant culture and its manifestions in the overlaps between various private and public spheres.2 According to John Najemy, the period of the Albizzi regime, marked by political consolidation after the unskilled wool workers’ revolt (1378) and Cosimo de’Medici’s return to the city (1434), witnessed important changes in social structure, economy, politics, and culture.3 In politics, the most remarkable novelties occurred in the electoral system, when the number of elected city off icers, who belonged to the major and the minor guilds, was established. Political participation and off ice holding were based on guild membership, and therefore guilds were part of the political system. Members of the f ive major guilds possessed an absolute dominance within city magistrates, even though, in theory, the reforms following the Ciompi revolt meant to weaken their positions by giving more seats to members of the minor guilds. The f ive major guilds: Merchants’ (Calimala), Por Santa Maria (later, Silk), Wool (Lana), Moneychangers’ (Cambio), and Doctors’ (Medici e Speziali), were headed by their elected consuls and were the guilds into which merchants of various ranks traditionally enrolled. Furthermore, the six consuls of the Merchant Court (Mercanzia), the supreme court for merchants residing inside and outside the city, were elected among members of the f ive major guilds. The elections for the most important city off ices,","PeriodicalId":348628,"journal":{"name":"Network and Migration in Early Renaissance Florence, 1378-1433","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126029978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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III. The Core of the Network: Friends of Blood and Marriage 3网络的核心:血缘和婚姻之友

Network and Migration in Early Renaissance Florence, 1378-1433 Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9789048540990-005

Richard A. Goldthwaite

{"title":"III. The Core of the Network: Friends of Blood and Marriage","authors":"Richard A. Goldthwaite","doi":"10.1515/9789048540990-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9789048540990-005","url":null,"abstract":"In modern societies, kinship and marriage might be considered weak factors in establishing economic cooperation among individuals. In medieval Florence, though, blood ties as the building blocks of business f irms are well-illustrated by the case of companies founded by potential families (consorterie) like the Alberti and the Peruzzi at the beginning of the fourteenth century.1 Richard A. Goldthwaite claims that the role of kinship relations in the formation of business firms had considerably weakened by the early fifteenth century.2 The sizeable fourteenth-century f irms, which lasted through several generations, were replaced by partnerships that survived only for a couple of years, while their partners invested simultaneously into other companies as well. The phenomenon should have been closely related to the changing practices in inheritance strategies, altering the inpartible properties with the division of patrimony. However, the importance of in-law ties in the formation of smaller business partnerships and networks has never been widely studied. As the example of the Scolaris shows, their in-laws and the in-laws’ in-laws grew into the most signif icant social units of their business network, a pattern which might have characterized trade networks throughout the period. The consorteria, that is, the kinship network as well as the parentado, the network of in-laws, occupied a central role in the Scolaris’ success in the Kingdom of Hungary as well as in their involvement in the Florentine economy. In the city statutes of 1415, the consorteria was described as a unity composed of ‘consortes sint de eadem stirpe per lineam masculinam etiam superios usque in inf initum’, that is, a patrilineal lineage.3 That the Scolari","PeriodicalId":348628,"journal":{"name":"Network and Migration in Early Renaissance Florence, 1378-1433","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126429964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Conclusions: Network and Migration 结论:网络与移民

Network and Migration in Early Renaissance Florence, 1378-1433 Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9789048540990-008

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Acknowledgments 致谢

Network and Migration in Early Renaissance Florence, 1378-1433 Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9789048540990-001

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Frontmatter

Network and Migration in Early Renaissance Florence, 1378-1433 Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9789048540990-fm

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