European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe最新文献

The effect of indirect vision skills on head and shoulder posture among Korean dental hygienists. 间接视觉技能对韩国牙科保健员头肩姿势的影响。

European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12463

Yeo‐Jin Jeong, Jun-Seon Choi

{"title":"The effect of indirect vision skills on head and shoulder posture among Korean dental hygienists.","authors":"Yeo‐Jin Jeong, Jun-Seon Choi","doi":"10.1111/eje.12463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eje.12463","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES\u0000This study aimed to investigate the effects of indirect vision skills on head and shoulder posture in dental hygienists.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS\u0000This cross-sectional study included a total of 100 female clinical dental hygienists. It evaluated musculoskeletal symptoms of the neck, shoulders and back, head and shoulder posture (craniovertebral angle [CVA] and sagittal shoulder posture angle [SSPA]). Indirect vision skills were assessed using the O'Connor tweezer test under indirect vision with a mirror. To analyze factors associated with the CVA and SSPA, an independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted, respectively.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The body region in which the greatest number of symptoms of work-related musculoskeletal disorders were recognized was the neck (89.0%). In the multiple linear regression model, which adjusted for other factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders, dental hygienists with poor indirect vision skills showed relatively small SSPA value (P < 0.05). However, indirect vision skills were not associated with the CVA value.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Good indirect vision skills contribute to the prevention of rounded shoulders in dental hygienists. Therefore, where possible, dental hygienists should perform clinical procedures using indirect vision with a dental mirror to maintain a balanced posture and reduce flexion of the back or the neck. A dental hygiene curriculum should include training to improve clinical skills, as well as education regarding dental ergonomics and a monitoring system to determine whether ergonomic principles are well observed.","PeriodicalId":348534,"journal":{"name":"European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"118486021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Perception of Thai dental students on becoming innovative healthcare professionals. 泰国牙科学生对成为创新医疗保健专业人员的看法。

European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12472

Sutti Sooampon, S. Sooampon

{"title":"Perception of Thai dental students on becoming innovative healthcare professionals.","authors":"Sutti Sooampon, S. Sooampon","doi":"10.1111/eje.12472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eje.12472","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES\u0000This study investigated the perception of dental students on becoming innovative healthcare professionals. The specific objective was to identify aspects of innovative healthcare development that could spur their interest in becoming more involved in healthcare research and new product development.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Survey research was conducted via questionnaires using a five-point Likert scale response. Based on the innovation science literature, each questionnaire comprised three sets of questions that might foster dental students' interest in healthcare innovation development. Data was obtained from 265 students from years 2, 4, and 6.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Three critical dimensions of dental student's preferences were revealed. First, socially-related goals were identified as important for developing healthcare innovation. Second, non-traditional learning activities, especially lectures from experienced innovators or an industrial trip were suggested to foster interest in healthcare innovation. Third, the students thought it was important to learn about the research process that translates scientific findings into healthcare innovation.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000This study identifies potential ways to develop dental clinicians' interest in becoming innovative professionals who are involved in healthcare product development. This is especially true for Thailand where commercially based innovation has not yet flourished.","PeriodicalId":348534,"journal":{"name":"European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"119677214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

WHO Surgical Safety Checklist training: An alternative approach to training in Local Safety Standards for Invasive Procedures. 世卫组织外科安全核对表培训:侵入性手术地方安全标准培训的另一种方法。

European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe Pub Date : 2020-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12469

R. Wali, T. Halai, S. Koshal

{"title":"WHO Surgical Safety Checklist training: An alternative approach to training in Local Safety Standards for Invasive Procedures.","authors":"R. Wali, T. Halai, S. Koshal","doi":"10.1111/eje.12469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eje.12469","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Despite efforts to promote the effective use of the WHO surgical safety checklist, wrong tooth extractions have continued to occur within dentistry.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHOD\u0000A training initiative combined methods of teaching comprising of a presentation, video and simulation to deliver LocSSIP training at an Oral Surgery Department of a UK dental hospital. Participant feedback was analysed to determine their perception of using combined methods to deliver the training.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULT\u0000Overall feedback was very positive with regards to relevance of the training and its ability to meet the learning needs of all participants. Participants advocated that there should be regular re-training and incorporation of this training into the local induction programme. 94% of staff members Strongly Agreed or Agreed that they would recommend this format of training to other departments.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Effective training is essential to maintain safe clinical practice within healthcare, and training methods that are inclusive of various learning styles are well received.","PeriodicalId":348534,"journal":{"name":"European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"119457725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Curriculum development in final year dentistry to enhance competency and professionalism for contemporary general dental practice. 最后一年的牙科课程发展，以提高当代普通牙科实践的能力和专业精神。

European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12458

L. Friedlander, A. Meldrum, K. Lyons

{"title":"Curriculum development in final year dentistry to enhance competency and professionalism for contemporary general dental practice.","authors":"L. Friedlander, A. Meldrum, K. Lyons","doi":"10.1111/eje.12458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eje.12458","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000General dentistry is the most common area of practice and new dentists must have the competency and skills to safely deliver patient care. In New Zealand (NZ), completion of a five-year Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) degree enables graduates to register with the Dental Council in NZ. This necessitates that the clinical component of the curriculum in final year dentistry (BDS5) transparently delivers learning opportunities and evaluates competency for independent practice. A review of the BDS5 Clinical Practice course was undertaken in 2015 and a revised curriculum introduced in 2016.\u0000\u0000\u0000CURRICULUM\u0000We present a BDS5 curriculum for a Clinical Practice course that is learner focused with emphasis on comprehensive patient-centred care, competency and professional practice. Learning opportunities and assessment processes are described alongside teacher training. These changes have provided students scaffolding to support clinical and professional development, and accommodate different learning preferences. The outcomes align with the competency requirements of the NZ regulatory body for registration as a general dental practitioner. Since its introduction three years ago, ongoing feedback from students and staff has been positive and indicate the curriculum is effective in achieving its objectives.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000This curriculum provides a firm foundation for students transitioning to independent clinical practice in the community and supports the professional development of clinical teachers. It may also be translated to other areas of health education to ensure the delivery of quality holistic patient care. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":348534,"journal":{"name":"European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"118638446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Twenty years after the launch of Bologna-process - What is the status of harmonization of dental education? 博洛尼亚进程启动二十年后-牙科教育协调的现状如何?

European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe Pub Date : 2019-10-31 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12473

B. Kirnbauer, K. Ali

{"title":"Twenty years after the launch of Bologna-process - What is the status of harmonization of dental education?","authors":"B. Kirnbauer, K. Ali","doi":"10.1111/eje.12473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eje.12473","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND AND AIMS\u0000Higher education in the European Union states has undergone a major reform toward harmonization following the \"Bologna Declaration\". The aim of this paper is to evaluate the implementation of the Bologna process in Dental Education following its 20th anniversary and identify commonalities and differences in the way dental programs are delivered in the EU.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000According to the aim of this study an internet search, based on the EU Manual published in 2015 was undertaken and included representative university/ dental faculty websitesfrom each EU member state. The search was focused on the type of the under- and postgraduate dental programs (cycles), the awarded undergraduate degrees (Bachelor, Master, Doctorate), duration of undergraduate study programs, awarded ECTS credits and the necessity of mandatory postgraduate practical training. Results were collated, and descriptive statistical analysis was undertaken.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The search identified 26 EU states out of a total of 28 as providers of dental education. Two of the 26 countries offer a bachelor's degrees (Bachelor of Dental Surgery); five countries offer a combined bachelor's and master's degree; and ten countries still award the doctor's degree for the undergraduate education. Finally, three countries award diploma for the graduating dentist.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Two decades after the launch, noticeable differences in the structure and duration of undergraduate dental programs persist and these may be attributed to curricular structure and university regulations in individual EU countries.","PeriodicalId":348534,"journal":{"name":"European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"118545972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A cost-effective simulation curriculum for preclinical endodontics. 具有成本效益的牙髓学临床前模拟课程。

European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe Pub Date : 2004-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0579.2004.00308.X

R. Pileggi, G. Glickman

{"title":"A cost-effective simulation curriculum for preclinical endodontics.","authors":"R. Pileggi, G. Glickman","doi":"10.1111/J.1600-0579.2004.00308.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1600-0579.2004.00308.X","url":null,"abstract":"A challenge in contemporary dental education is to achieve a smooth transition from preclinical teaching environments to patient-care clinics in a cost-effective manner. The preclinical endodontic courses at The University of Texas, Dental Branch at Houston provide a unique learning environment that enables the student to perform endodontic treatment on extracted teeth in a typodont, and be involved in diagnosis and treatment-planning discussions. The specially designed stone typodont used has built-in radiographic capability, and is mounted at each chair in the clinic. During each preclinical session, students are assigned clinical cubicles and proper aseptic protocol is followed. Students are required to wear gloves, masks and eyewear, and place a rubber dam during treatment. Written self-assessment evaluations based upon prescribed criteria are utilised; feedback is given by faculty composed of both full-time endodontists and graduate students who periodically rotate and are calibrated on a regular basis. In the lecture phase, clinical case scenarios are presented to reinforce concepts of diagnosis and emergency care and to help integrate endodontics with other disciplines; a Socratic-like teaching style is established by the faculty facilitator to create an environment for developing critical-thinking and problem-solving skills. The overall feedback from graduating students has been very positive. Advantages of this format are an easier transition to patient management, a more keen interest in specialsation and a perceived increase in levels of confidence.","PeriodicalId":348534,"journal":{"name":"European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"118410664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

A virtual classroom for undergraduate periodontology: a pilot study. 大学生牙周病虚拟教室:初步研究。

European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe Pub Date : 2001-11-01 DOI: 10.1034/J.1600-0579.2001.50401.X

Nikos Mattheos, Anders Nattestad, M. Schittek, Rolf Attström, Rolf Attström

{"title":"A virtual classroom for undergraduate periodontology: a pilot study.","authors":"Nikos Mattheos, Anders Nattestad, M. Schittek, Rolf Attström, Rolf Attström","doi":"10.1034/J.1600-0579.2001.50401.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1034/J.1600-0579.2001.50401.X","url":null,"abstract":"The Integrated Distributed Learning Environments or virtual classrooms constitute a new promising structure in education of health care personnel. A virtual classroom was developed aiming to teach periodontology to an international group of 28 dental students using a problem-based learning (PBL) approach. The course was web-based and included synchronous and asynchronous communication, on-line libraries and multimedia material. Students were organised in 4 independent groups and each group was appointed a tutor. The results of the study indicate that one of the most positive effects students experienced was competence in using the computer. They also rated highly the use of multimedia for learning of clinical procedures. It was found that web boards and email were too slow to allow group work in the virtual classroom. Real time communication programs were found to be superior for problem discussion and hypothesis formulation. However, email and the web board played a significant role during certain steps of the PBL method. The students expressed a positive attitude for the combined use of network-based learning and problem-based education. Our present experience suggests that distance learning should be organised with a mixture of different media, allowing communication of knowledge and skills between the resources and the students, as well as cooperation between the students. Computer literacy among teachers and students is limited and should be enhanced. Finally, personal contact between the resource persons and the students before the distant learning course commences helps the learning process.","PeriodicalId":348534,"journal":{"name":"European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe","volume":"267 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"119981895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 44

The use of group participation and an enquiry-based study guide with computer assisted learning. 使用小组参与和以询问为基础的学习指南与计算机辅助学习。

European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe Pub Date : 2001-08-01 DOI: 10.1034/J.1600-0579.2001.050303.X

M. Botelho

{"title":"The use of group participation and an enquiry-based study guide with computer assisted learning.","authors":"M. Botelho","doi":"10.1034/J.1600-0579.2001.050303.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1034/J.1600-0579.2001.050303.X","url":null,"abstract":"UNLABELLED\u0000The aim of this investigation was to explore the use of group participation and an enquiry-based study guide to enhance the learning experience when using a computer assisted learning (CAL) program.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS\u0000Forty-eight students were asked to complete a CAL program on resin bonded bridges in groups of 2-4 with an enquiry-based study guide. An evaluation questionnaire of the learning experience was included with the study guide with paired positive and negative questions and open-ended questions for students to complete and return. The responses were collated and the nature of the comments qualitatively analysed.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Thirty-two questionnaires were returned. There were almost three times the numbers of positive to negative responses relating to the usefulness of the enquiry based study guide, group participation and the CAL program. The majority of these positive responses related to the usefulness of the study guide and group participation in highlighting and guiding learning and creating opportunities for discussion, problem solving and peer teaching. A small number of negative responses cited the target-orientated nature of the study guide and the longer time needed for group work, due to the varying learning abilities of the participants and the need for discussion.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The use of group participation and an enquiry-based study guide was reported to enhance the learning experience of CAL.","PeriodicalId":348534,"journal":{"name":"European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe","volume":"171 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"119844915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Computing facilities available to final-year students at 3 UK dental schools in 1997/8: their use, and students' attitudes to information technology. 1997/8学年，英国三所牙科学校最后一年级学生可使用的计算机设备:使用情况，以及学生对信息技术的态度。

European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe Pub Date : 2001-08-01 DOI: 10.1034/J.1600-0579.2001.050302.X

P. Grigg, Tatiana V. Macfarlane, A. Shearer, N. Jepson, Chris Stephens

{"title":"Computing facilities available to final-year students at 3 UK dental schools in 1997/8: their use, and students' attitudes to information technology.","authors":"P. Grigg, Tatiana V. Macfarlane, A. Shearer, N. Jepson, Chris Stephens","doi":"10.1034/J.1600-0579.2001.050302.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1034/J.1600-0579.2001.050302.X","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000To identify computer facilities available in 3 dental schools where 3 different approaches to the use of technology-based learning material have been adopted and assess dental students' perception of their own computer skills and their attitudes towards information technology.\u0000\u0000\u0000DESIGN\u0000Multicentre cross sectional by questionnaire.\u0000\u0000\u0000SUBJECTS\u0000All 181 dental students in their final year of study (1997-8).\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The overall participation rate was 80%. There were no differences between schools in the students' self assessment of their IT skills but only 1/3 regarded themselves as competent in basic skills and nearly 50% of students in all 3 schools felt that insufficient IT training had been provided to enable them to follow their course without difficulty. There were significant differences between schools in most of the other areas examined which reflect the different ways in which IT can be used to support the dental course.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u00001. Students value IT as an educational tool. 2. Their awareness of the relevance of a knowledge of information technology for their future careers remains generally low. 3. There is a need to provide effective instruction in IT skills for those dental students who do not acquire these during secondary education.","PeriodicalId":348534,"journal":{"name":"European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"118843719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Assessment of a preclinical training system with indirect vision for dental education. 以牙科教育为间接视角的临床前培训体系评估。

European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe Pub Date : 2001-08-01 DOI: 10.1034/J.1600-0579.2001.050305.X

M. J. Díaz, E. Sánchez, J. J. Hidalgo, J. M. Vega, M. Yanguas

{"title":"Assessment of a preclinical training system with indirect vision for dental education.","authors":"M. J. Díaz, E. Sánchez, J. J. Hidalgo, J. M. Vega, M. Yanguas","doi":"10.1034/J.1600-0579.2001.050305.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1034/J.1600-0579.2001.050305.X","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study is the evaluation of a pre-clinical training system using indirect vision for dental education purposes. The study population was undergraduate dental students between the ages of 18-20, at the beginning of their first dental course. From a total of 105 students, those presenting some condition that would have had influence on their manual skills and those who for some circumstance left the study after beginning it were excluded, resulting in 69 students (51 female and 18 male) taking part in the study. The study design involved two sessions separated by a 7-day interval in which the students used a reflection box to develop psychomotor skills in mirror use. In every session they performed an initial evaluation test, some training exercises and a final evaluation test. The evaluation tests and the training exercises consisted in following a curved, straight or convoluted shape in the reflection box. Four groups of students were used who trained in different ways using curved or straight lines. Evaluation of the tests was based on the number of errors made and the time to completion. All students showed an improvement in their performance of following curved and straight lines with indirect vision after this form of training. The results after the first training session were statistically significant, while the further improvement was not significant after the 2nd training session. Those students who trained first with curved lines and later with straight lines produced more errors than the other groups. Female students performed better than male students in this assessment.","PeriodicalId":348534,"journal":{"name":"European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"118098813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8