EngRN: Medical Technologies (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"A Review on Data Mining Techniques for Prediction of Breast Cancer Recurrence","authors":"R. Padmapriya, P. Vadivu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3538633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3538633","url":null,"abstract":"The most common type of cancer in women worldwide is the Breast Cancer. Breast cancer may be detected early using Mammograms, probably before it's spread. Recurrent breast cancer could occur months or years after initial treatment. The cancer could return within the same place because the original cancer (local recurrence), or it may spread to different areas of your body (distant recurrence). Early stage treatment is done not only to cure breast cancer however additionally facilitate in preventing its repetition/recurrence. Data mining algorithms provide assistance in predicting the early-stage breast cancer that continually has been difficult analysis drawback. The projected analysis can establish the most effective algorithm that predicts the recurrence of the breast cancer and improve the accuracy the algorithms. Large information like Clump, Classification, Association Rules, Prediction and Neural Networks, Decision Trees can be analyzed using data mining applications and techniques.","PeriodicalId":348376,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Medical Technologies (Topic)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115425834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-Inspired Synthesis of Non-Aqueous Liquid Crystals of Hydroxyapatite Nanorods","authors":"Junjun Tan, Ph.D, Yang Liu, M.S., Jing Gong, B.S., Xiaoying Jin, M.D, C. M.-S., Rong Zhang, Ph.D, Minfang Chen, Ph.D","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3388387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3388387","url":null,"abstract":"Hydroxyapatite (HA) nanorods in the collagen matrix of bone have a macroscopically ordered structure that has many similarities to the ordered structure of anisotropic nano-units in inorganic liquid crystals (LCs). Inspired by these similarities, we conducted the first (to our best knowledge) synthesis of HA LCs in non-polar solvents (such as cyclohexane and toluene), thus expanding the range of applicable monomers and polymers. We synthesized HA nanorods by a simple, effective, and oleic-acid-assisted hydrothermal route. The hydrothermal temperature directly modulates the aspect ratio of the HA nanorods, and indirectly modulates their LC behavior. The LC phase transition has no size limitation. Thus, our approach is a unique platform for developing high solid content, macroscopically assembled, large-scale polymer-based bio(mimetic)-materials.","PeriodicalId":348376,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Medical Technologies (Topic)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128408401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anisotropic Crack Propagation and Deformation in Dentin Observed by Four-Dimensional X-ray Nano-Computed Tomography","authors":"Xuekun Lu, Marta Peña Fernández, R. Bradley, S. Rawson, Marie O'Brien, B. Hornberger, M. Leibowitz, G. Tozzi, P. Withers","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3387672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3387672","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the cracking behaviour of biological composite materials is of practical importance. This paper presents the first study to track the interplay between crack initiation, microfracture and plastic deformation in three dimensions (3D) as a function of tubule and collagen fibrils arrangement in elephant dentin using in situ X-ray nano-computed tomography (nano-CT). A nano-indenter with a conical tip has been used to incrementally indent three test-pieces oriented at 0°, 45° and 70° to the long axis of the tubules (i.e. radial to the tusk). For the 0° sample two significant cracks formed, one of which linked up with microcracks in the axial-radial plane of the tusk originating from the tubules and the other one occurred as a consequence of shear deformation at the tubules. The 70° test-piece was able to bear the greatest loads despite many small cracks forming around the indenter. These were diverted by the microstructure and did not propagate significantly. The 45° test-piece showed intermediate behaviour. In all cases strains obtained by digital volume correlation were well in excess of the yield strain (0.9%), indeed some plastic deformation could even be seen through bending of the tubules. The hoop strains around the conical indenter were anisotropic with the smallest strains correlating with the primary collagen orientation (axial to the tusk) and the largest strains aligned with the hoop direction of the tusk. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This paper presents the first comprehensive study of the anisotropic nature of microfracture, crack propagation and deformation in elephant dentin using time-lapse X-ray nano-computed tomography. To unravel the interplay of collagen fibrils and local deformation, digital volume correlation (DVC) has been applied to map the local strain field while the crack initiation and propagation is tracked in real time. Our results highlight the intrinsic and extrinsic shielding mechanisms and correlate the crack growth behavior in nature to the service requirement of dentin to resist catastrophic fracture. This is of wide interest not just in terms of understanding dentin fracture but also can extend beyond dentin to other anisotropic structural composite biomaterials such as bone, antler and chitin.","PeriodicalId":348376,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Medical Technologies (Topic)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117112819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospital Referral and Capacity Strategies in a Two-Tier Healthcare System","authors":"Jian-Jun Wang, Zhong-Ping Li, J. Shi, J. Chang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3348853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3348853","url":null,"abstract":"Healthcare referral has been widely advocated and adopted through the implementation of a two-tier healthcare system whereby patients are transferred from a comprehensive hospital provider (CHP) to a primary hospital provider (PHP). However, operationally, exactly how to implement the healthcare referral program remains a challenging research question, especially when considering the possibility of patient revisits and the coordination needed between the CHP and PHP. To address such a challenge, this paper considers a two-tier healthcare system consisting of a CHP and a PHP. By establishing a three-stage Stackelberg game within a queuing framework among the CHP, the PHP and their patients, we first investigate the equilibrium strategy in terms of the CHP’s referral rate and the PHP’s capacity level, and then examine the impact of revisit rates and referral payments (RP) on the healthcare system and the equilibrium outcomes (e.g., expected utility, social welfare, and waiting times). Two major findings of our study are: (1) Both the equilibrium referral rate and the equilibrium capacity first increase and then decrease according to the revisit rate; in addition, the patient referral process always improves the PHP's performance but is likely to sacrifice the social welfare of the CHP. (2) There exists an RP threshold value such that if the RP is below the threshold, then all the permitted patients should be referred and the system performance will be enhanced, in which case a win-win-win situation in terms of expected utilities can be attained that benefits all the stakeholders, i.e., the CHP, the PHP, and the patients. Otherwise, only a portion of the permitted patients can be referred, and an increase in RP always reduces the efficiency of the healthcare delivery system, i.e., a higher RP mitigates the operational performance of the healthcare system. Our analysis sheds light on how to implement a healthcare referral scheme.","PeriodicalId":348376,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Medical Technologies (Topic)","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114619910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Cobalt Deposition in Periprosthetic Bone Specimens by High Resolution Synchroton XRF in Undecalcified Histological Thin Sections","authors":"M. Hahn, G. Buzanich, K. Jähn, U. Reinholz, M. Radtke","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3317037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3317037","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing numbers of implant revisions are a current clinical issue. Interactions of the endoprosthesis biomaterial with the body affect implantation time by wear processes i.e. corrosion and abrasion. Previously, cobalt-chrome implants were shown to cause high levels of cobalt ions being deposited in the bone matrix. To determine a potential functional role of these ions on bone homeostasis, we have developed a non-destructive dual analysis of highly sensitive elemental analysis by synchrotron XRF directly in undecalcified histological bone sections of 4 µm. In this study, samples from 28 hip endoprosthesis carriers (metal-on-metal bearing) with an implant life time of 17 to 1750 days were used. Results were compared to age-matched control specimens. Histological analysis identified areas of bone cell activity and assigned them for XRF measurements. Co-Cr wear particles were identified in the bone marrow. In addition, Co ions were highly enriched in the mineralized bone matrix. The cobalt deposits were not homogeneously distributed and areas of high signal intensity were identified. Co was distinctly deposited in the newly formed osteoid layer, but also within deeper layers of the bone matrix, whereby the Co concentration increased with higher degrees of bone matrix mineralization. In the current study, we determined cobalt accumulations in the bone matrix and showed for the first time via synchrotron XRF with a high spatial resolution on histological slides, that cobalt deposits in the mineralized bone matrix in a mineral-specific way that is dependent upon the implant lifetime.","PeriodicalId":348376,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Medical Technologies (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128798179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heart Disease Prediction Using Multi-Constrain Support Vector Machine","authors":"K. G., S. Dr.T.","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3168309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3168309","url":null,"abstract":"Data mining is the process of extracting intelligent information from huge amount of data. It helps to find the useful patterns of successful medical therapies for different illnesses and also it aims to find the intelligent information from large collections of data. This paper focuses on heart disease prediction using Multi-constrain SVM. Data can be collected from UCI Repository and preprocessed using SVD for feature selection. In this paper introduction about heart is provided. Thereafter, research methodology is presented and comparison is with the proposed work.","PeriodicalId":348376,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Medical Technologies (Topic)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129503487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BFO – AIS: A Framework for Medical Image Classification Using Soft Computing Techniques","authors":"D. Chitra, M. Karthikeyan","doi":"10.5121/IJSC.2017.8102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5121/IJSC.2017.8102","url":null,"abstract":"Medical images provide diagnostic evidence/information about anatomical pathology. The growth in database is enormous as medical digital image equipment’s like Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI), Computed Tomography (CT), and Positron Emission Tomography CT (PET-CT) are part of clinical work. CT images distinguish various tissues according to gray levels to help medical diagnosis. Ct is more reliable for early tumours and haemorrhages detection as it provides anatomical information to plan radio therapy. Medical information systems goals are to deliver information to right persons at the right time and place to improve care process quality and efficiency. This paper proposes an Artificial Immune System (AIS) classifier and proposed feature selection based on hybrid Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO) with Local Search (LS) for medical image classification.","PeriodicalId":348376,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Medical Technologies (Topic)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122367416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}