{"title":"Urban Fringes","authors":"C. Rohr","doi":"10.4324/9780429024726-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429024726-12","url":null,"abstract":"The second half of the 19th century constitutes a very dynamic period of urban growth. In many cities the flood plains between the rivers or lakeshores and the historic city centre had been occupied by upper middle class bourgeoisie. Living near the water without a professional need can be seen as an attempt to integrate elements of ‘nature’ into the blueprint of a city. A free view on ‘nature’ (represented by the water) became fashionable both for residents and upper class tourists. However, bourgeoisie often had been quite careless in their search for ‘nature’ and was then hit by floods. In this paper, two examples are examined in detail: the Austrian city of Wels, situated by the Traun River, and the Swiss city of Lucerne, situated by Lake Lucerne (Vierwaldstattersee). The chapter asks, who were the human and non-human actors creating this absence of flood risk, and how important was the specifically urban context is for this development by looking at the discourse on urban planning and flood control. Furthermore, it is examined to what extent those floods served as further argument for better flood protection? Besides written sources, paintings and maps, a focus is also given to early photography representing this new way of urban living.","PeriodicalId":347662,"journal":{"name":"Urbanizing Nature","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127917399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Concepts of Urban Agency and the Transformation of Urban Hinterlands","authors":"C. Bernhardt","doi":"10.4324/9780429024726-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429024726-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":347662,"journal":{"name":"Urbanizing Nature","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127924298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hydraulic Experts and the Challenges of Water in Early Modern Times","authors":"K. Davids","doi":"10.4324/9780429024726-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429024726-9","url":null,"abstract":"To what extent were ‘homegrown’ models of urban hydraulic technologies and water management transplanted overseas in early modern times? How and why were they adapted (or not) to new environments and how and in what respects was local knowledge taken into account in this process? These questions are the subject of this chapter. The chapter concentrates on the role and background of hydraulic experts and the contexts in which they worked. The key questions are approached in a comparative manner, analyzing a variety of urban cases in Europe, the Americas and Asia. The first section of the chapter looks at European cities, the next three sections examine colonial towns in different parts of the world and different politico-institutional settings: Mexico City, Batavia and Philadelphia. The chapter concludes with comparisons between the three colonial cases and between European cities and colonial towns.","PeriodicalId":347662,"journal":{"name":"Urbanizing Nature","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130745306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Air Pollution as Urban Problem in France, From the Mid-nineteenth Century to the 1970s","authors":"Stéphane Frioux","doi":"10.4324/9780429024726-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429024726-11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":347662,"journal":{"name":"Urbanizing Nature","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133845499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Roots of the Sustainable City","authors":"Michael Toyka-Seid","doi":"10.4324/9780429024726-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429024726-14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":347662,"journal":{"name":"Urbanizing Nature","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117246525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}