Tekhnikotekhnologichni aspekti rozvitku ta viprobuvannia novoyi tekhniki i tekhnologii dlia sil''s''kogo gospodarstva Ukrayini最新文献

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF DIMENSIONS OF TECHNOLOGICAL AREAS DURING TIME KEEPING YOUR POULTRY: OVERVIEW","authors":"S. Khalin, V. Smolyar, O. Kovtun","doi":"10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-16","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The purpose of the research is to analyze the size of technological areas under traditional and organic conditions for keeping poultry of various species. Research methods. Analytical studies on the size of technological areas under traditional and organic conditions for keeping poultry of various species were carried out on the example of poultry farming in developed European countries according to available scientific and informational reports, including in a comparative aspect. Results. Analytical studies have established that, according to the regulatory requirements of European countries with developed poultry farming, technological areas during floor, cascade keeping of chickens’ amount to 9 heads/m2 (for organic production of products - 6 heads/m2), a maximum of four levels of livestock placement is allowed (in terms of organic production - three levels). On poultry farms for keeping laying hens, group places for laying eggs are designed for 80-120 heads/m2. Perches for laying hens at the rate of 15 cm/head. (for organic production 18 cm/head). Walking areas for laying hens are arranged at the rate of 4 m2/head. Technological areas during keeping turkeys should not exceed 45 kg/m2 (21-30 kg/m2 is allowed in organic production). In the poultry house, geese must be kept at a processing area of 2 heads/m2 (15 kg/m2). For free-range keeping of geese, the technological area should be 10 m2/head. Organic geese need at least 15 m2/head. In the poultry house, ducks are kept at a technological area of 25 kg/m2. Conclusions. In European countries with developed poultry farming, there is an increase in the production of products based on the principles of organic farming and animal husbandry. Main trends regarding technological areas during poultry keeping: increase of technological areas by at least 50%; floor keeping of poultry; optimized cascade keeping of chickens; rational dimensions of the place for laying eggs, perches, etc.; free-range keeping of poultry; provided shelter for birds on walking platforms. The materials presented in the publication will be useful in the future for the development of design solutions for buildings of small poultry farms for keeping poultry. Key words: geese, turkeys, ducks, chickens, poultry farming, poultry farms, technological areas, keeping conditions.","PeriodicalId":34711,"journal":{"name":"Tekhnikotekhnologichni aspekti rozvitku ta viprobuvannia novoyi tekhniki i tekhnologii dlia sil''s''kogo gospodarstva Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69814775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RESPONSE OF MAIZE HYBRIDS TO TILLAGE SYSTEMS IN WESTERN UKRAINE","authors":"V. Dumych, D. Bova, O. Krupych","doi":"10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-14","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The purpose of research: Evaluation of the impact of soil tillage systems on grain productivity and efficiency of growing new corn hybrids in the soil and climatic conditions of western Ukraine. Research methods: Field trials were conducted in Western Ukraine on fields with sod-podzolic carbonate-gley soils. The total experimental field area of 6 ha was divided into 15 experimental plots with three tillage systems (conventional, conservation, mulching) and five maize hybrids of different indices and maturity groups («Ajax» (FAO 210), «Amaros» (FAO 230), «Danubio» (FAO 260),» DSK 3730» (FAO 280) and «Artenio» (FAO 340)). The indicators were determined in three replications at each experimental site. Research results: The research has established that the highest yields of corn grain were obtained in plots with hybrids «Amaros» (FAO 230) and «DCS 3730» (FAO 280), which amounted to 11.59 and 11.37 t/ha, respectively. It should be noted that the «Amaros» hybrid responds well to shelf loosening of the soil, with a grain yield of 12.34 t/ha on the background of ploughing, and the «DCS 3730» hybrid formed the highest grain yield (12.18 t/ha) in the variant with mulching tillage. The grain productivity of hybrids «Ajax» (FAO 210) and «Danubio» (FAO 260) is approximately the same and was at the level of 10.24 and 10.65 t/ha, respectively. The lowest average grain yield (9.72 t/ha) for all tillage options was obtained in the mid-season hybrid «Artenio» (FAO 340). Grain yields of the studied hybrids in plots with conventional tillage ranged from 10.34 to 12.34 t/ha, with conservation tillage - from 9.03 to 11.42 t/ha, and with mulching tillage - from 9.57 to 12.18 t/ha. On average, all plots with conventional tillage had a profit of 43518 UAH/ha, which is 10.0% and 6.9% higher than in the variants with conservation tillage and mulching systems. Conclusions. It was found that medium-early maize hybrids Ajax, Amaros, Danubio respond positively to the depth of cultivation and intensity of soil crumbling (traditional and conservation systems). The hybrid DKS 3730 produced the highest grain yield in the area with mulch tillage. The highest economic efficiency of growing corn for grain was obtained in variants with traditional tillage, with the exception of the DSK 3730 hybrid, for which mulch tillage was the most effective. In terms of economic effect, the conservation tillage system was the worst. Key words: corn, tillage systems, corn hybrids, yield, efficiency.","PeriodicalId":34711,"journal":{"name":"Tekhnikotekhnologichni aspekti rozvitku ta viprobuvannia novoyi tekhniki i tekhnologii dlia sil''s''kogo gospodarstva Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69814996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF WINTER WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY IN THE RAINFED CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTH OF UKRAINE DEPENDING ON THE CROP’S VARIETAL TRAITS","authors":"P. Lykhovyd","doi":"10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-10","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper is devoted to elucidation of the results of mathematical modeling of winter wheat yields, cultivated in the rain fed conditions of the South of Ukraine, depending on the varietal traits of the crop. The purpose of the study is the development of the mathematical equation of winter wheat varieties yields in the rain fed conditions of the steppe zone depending on such varietal traits of the crop as winter resistance, resistance to lodging, shedding, and drought. Methods.The methodology of multiple regression analysis was applied to conduct the research and develop the mathematical model of winter wheat ideotype. Experimental basis for mathematical modeling was represented by the results of ecological varietal testing, conducted in the rain fed conditions at the fields of PC «Zoria» and SE «Illich-Agro Zaporizhzhia». Evaluation of the model’s fitting quality and prediction accuracy was performed by the values of the multiple determination coefficient and mean absolute percentage error. To understand the influence of the studied traits on winter wheat productivity, rank correlations were calculated, and to establish the relationship and affinity between the varietal traits a matrix of Fechner’s correlation coefficients was computed. Mathematical computations were performed within Microsoft Excel 365 spreadsheets processor and BioStat v.7 statistical toolkit. Results. Mathematical evaluation of the studied varietal traits of winter wheat allowed to establish that the highest positive value in the crop’s yield formation in the rainfed conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine is attributed to drought tolerance (Pearson’s pairwise correlation coefficient is +0.19), while other factors play a secondary role or have negative effect on the crop’s productivity. Evaluation of the multiple regression model confirms the above results and additionally significant positive effect of shedding resistance. The multiple regression model has high adequacy (multiple correlation coefficient is 0.9791; determination coefficient is 0.9587; adjusted determination coefficient is 0.8463) and prediction accuracy (mean absolute percentage error is 18.45%). Conclusions. According to the results of multiple regression analysis and rank correlation calculations, the strongest effect on the crop’s productivity in the mentioned agro-productive conditions is provided by such a varietal trait as drought tolerance, while the minimum effect has cold (winter) resistance. The proposed mathematical model of winter wheat productivity in the rainfed conditions of the South of Ukraine has high fitting quality and moderately high prognostic value. Key words: winter resistance, ideotype of a variety, mathematical model, drought resistance, regression analysis, resistance to lodging, shedding resistance, yielding capacity.","PeriodicalId":34711,"journal":{"name":"Tekhnikotekhnologichni aspekti rozvitku ta viprobuvannia novoyi tekhniki i tekhnologii dlia sil''s''kogo gospodarstva Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69814473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RESEARCH METHODOLOGY OF INFORMATION SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL RESOURCES USING THE GOOGLE PATENTS SERVICE","authors":"V. Vetokhin, I. Negrebetsky, T. Ryzhkova, Y. Salo","doi":"10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-18","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The purpose of research. Development of the methodology and determination of instrumental means of extracting the mass of information in accordance with the question being investigated, to determine the relevance, development trends and novelty of the applied research in the field of agricultural mechanical engineering. Research methods. Analytical study of the necessary actions between the stage of defining the task and achieving the result, with step-by-step removal of contradictions at each stage with the involvement of the logic of existing search engines. The Google Patents (GP) search system service was used as a tool. The results of the study. The method of extracting the array of knowledge in a specific field is proposed, taking into account the factors specific to the field. Contains stages: - preliminary definition of keywords or name; - search for full-text sources using the GP service (including non-patent literature (Google Scholar)); - expert selection of the closest analogue source from the search results page; - study of the analogue source page, in particular the Patent Citations, Similar Documents, Concepts machine-extracted sections. As an intermediate result - clarification of predefined keywords and repetition of the search cycle. A necessary component of the process is a self-learning human intellect. As a result, a set of full-text sources containing a body of knowledge on the chosen issue is formed. An example of a process in relation to the field of agricultural mechanical engineering is given. Conclusions. A technique for extracting an array of knowledge to determine the relevance, development trends and novelty of applied research in the field of technical sciences is proposed based on determining the correspondence of keywords and studying causal relationships that coincide with the principles of patent activity. The definition of the basic analogue and its key features according to the stages of technology development allows us to evaluate development trends and the contribution of subsequent scientific and technical solutions. The proposed technique can be used for self-learning of human intellect (researcher’s intellect). Some complexity of information processing is that promising elements of scientific and technical solutions can be described not in text-sign form, but presented (published) in a graphic format. Improving the methodology is possible in the direction of greater formalization of obtaining an objective result and less dependence on the qualifications of the researcher. Keywords: agricultural mechanical engineering, research methodology, information resources, applied scientific research, Google Patents service, human researcher’s self-learning intelligence, self-learning of human intellect, graphical information, textual information, transformation of information into knowledge.","PeriodicalId":34711,"journal":{"name":"Tekhnikotekhnologichni aspekti rozvitku ta viprobuvannia novoyi tekhniki i tekhnologii dlia sil''s''kogo gospodarstva Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69815801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ON THE ISSUE OF IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE OF EUROPEAN APPROACHES TO TESTING PNEUMATIC BRAKING SYSTEMS OF AGRICULTURAL TRAILERS","authors":"S. Postelga","doi":"10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-7","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The purpose of the research: implementation in Ukraine of the technical requirements of the Delegated Regulation of the EU Commission 2015/68 on the parameters of pneumatic braking systems of agricultural trailers by preparing a methodological and technical base. Research methods: research was conducted in accordance with the methods specified in Commission delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/68, 2015; SOU L. Pohorilyi UkrNDIPVT 01.1-37-04604309-008 and DSTU 1.5. The main indicators of the effectiveness of the pneumatic braking system of the trailer, which must be determined during the conformity assessment tests, are: the effectiveness of the braking system during cold brakes (type 0 test); loss of braking system efficiency with heated brakes (type 1 test); effectiveness of emergency automatic braking; brake activation time; capacity of energy storage devices. Research results: To conduct testing of the pneumatic brake system of the trailer at L. Pohorilyi UkrNDIPVT developed, manufactured and adjusted a pneumatic braking simulator that would replace a tractor to actuate the braking system of a trailer, and serial measuring equipment was used. As a result of the work carried out, the operating manual «Brake-1. Efficiency of the braking system»; developed, agreed and approved standard of L. Pohorilyi UkrNDIPVT «Agricultural machinery. Pneumatic braking systems of agricultural trailers. Test methods». The research results were implemented during tests for the European type approval of agricultural trailers produced by VARZ LLC. Conclusions. The developed methodical and technical bases contribute to the implementation in Ukraine of the technical requirements of the Delegated Regulation of the EU Commission 2015/68 on the parameters of pneumatic braking systems of agricultural trailers and make it possible to carry out testing of the equipment of domestic manufacturers without taking them outside Ukraine and to receive certificates of approval of the type of the European sample. Keywords: agricultural trailers, pneumatic braking system; testing; braking simulator; type approval certificate.","PeriodicalId":34711,"journal":{"name":"Tekhnikotekhnologichni aspekti rozvitku ta viprobuvannia novoyi tekhniki i tekhnologii dlia sil''s''kogo gospodarstva Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69816172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE WORK QUALITY OF PRISMATIC ROLLER STEP KPP-6","authors":"L. Shustik, S. Sidorenko, V. Maidanovych, S. Stepchenko, O. Klochay, O. Len","doi":"10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-5","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The purpose of research. Evaluation of the quality of technological process performance by the «STEP KPP-6» roller according to such criteria as the intensity and degree of soil compaction, the uniformity of bottom compaction, the degree of destruction of the cracked surface of the soil, the correspondence of the values obtained during the tests to the levels of professional assessment. Research methods. Analytical review of the design, field experiment, determination of indicators by standardized methods and statistical data processing. Results. The research results proved that the prismatic «STEP KPP-6» roller stably performs the technological process of rolling with satisfactory indicators of the quality of work and can be effectively used for its intended purpose. Rolling the surface of the soil, the roller at the same time intensively acts on the bottom, compacting it, which ensures close adherence of the seed to the bottom of the seed bed to obtain uniform and friendly seedlings. The density of the soil in a layer up to 15 cm before the passage of the roller was 0.97 g/cm3, after the passage was 1.15 g/cm3, compaction was 0.18 g/cm3. With the increase in the depth of preliminary tillage after passing the roller, a sharp decrease in the degree of soil compaction is noted: from 72% (at an average depth of 5 cm) to 58% (at an average depth of 10.6 cm). It is also significant to reduce the intensity and uniformity of bottom compaction from 100% to 32% and from 24% to 10% respectively. In addition, the roller ensures the destruction and loosening of the cracked surface of the field by 88% in one pass and by up to 97% in two passes both before sowing and in the presence of seedlings of cultivated plants. Conclusions. Research has established that the «STEP KPP-6» roller has universal structural and technological solutions, meets the technological requirements of a consumer, performs the rolling process with high quality, which, along with an attractive price, puts the machine in the line of high-quality import substitution offers. The use of the «STEP KPP-6» roller is recommended before sowing after deep cultivation for sedimentation of the soil, formation of lower horizons and prevention of their drying by covering the surface with a loosened layer of soil and after sowing to ensure contact of seeds with the soil, effective at destroying the cracked soil surface without and with plants. Key words: rolling, roller, soil density, compaction, tillage depth, crust destruction, cracked soil surface.","PeriodicalId":34711,"journal":{"name":"Tekhnikotekhnologichni aspekti rozvitku ta viprobuvannia novoyi tekhniki i tekhnologii dlia sil''s''kogo gospodarstva Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69816211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDY OF DISK WEAR OF THE SOIL PROCESSING UNIT DL-2.5 DURING TESTS IN EXPERIMENTAL OPERATION","authors":"S. Khalin, L. Shustik, S. Stepchenko, S. Sydorenko, T. Gaidai","doi":"10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-6","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The purpose of research. Evaluation of the quantitative and qualitative parameters of the wear of the disc working bodies of the DL-2.5 soil tillage unit on the basis of monitoring their condition during tests in the conditions of experimental operation over a 6-year period and forecasting the possibility of further operation of the unit. Research methods. Analysis of the machine design, determination of the linear dimensions of discs by standardized measurement methods and statistical data processing. Research results. The intensity of the wear of the disk working bodies depending on the earnings, the forecast of the resource before the loss of quality is established. Conclusions. On the basis of experimental studies, objective and reliable information was obtained about the parameters of the wear of the disc working bodies of the DL-2.5 soil-cultivation unit in the conditions of economic operation in the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine. During the six-year period of testing, with a total volume of work performed by the unit of 2430.6 ha (2017 – 395,4 ha; 2018 – 413,3 ha; 2019 – 456,3 ha; 2020 – 357,6 ha; 2021 – 400,0 ha; 2022 – 408,0 ha) and the achievement of cultivation per disc - 120 ha, the wear of the working edge of the discs of the front and rear rows amounted to 21,1 mm and 11,5 mm, respectively, for the permissible value of 35 mm, or in percentages, respectively - 60,2 and 32,8. Accordingly, the estimated residual resource is forecast at the level of 39,8 % and 67,2 %. According to the results of resource tests during 2017-2022, the unit maintained its operable condition, provided the necessary regulation, aggregation, transportation and had an aesthetic appearance. The obtained results can be used by machine builders as an informative base for fine-tuning disks and forming standards for their performance, and by manufacturers of g. products, as information on the choice of reliable equipment and the potential of its service life. Prospects of research in this direction consist in the possible multiplicity of accounting for the general conditions of operation of disk tools, the variability of structural and technological schemes, and can also be used as methodical material for p. g. machines that have discs in their composition. Keywords: soil tillage unit; trial; disk working body; boring steel; wear and tear; projected resource.","PeriodicalId":34711,"journal":{"name":"Tekhnikotekhnologichni aspekti rozvitku ta viprobuvannia novoyi tekhniki i tekhnologii dlia sil''s''kogo gospodarstva Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69816619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TRENDS IN ROBOTISATION OF MOBILE AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT","authors":"V. Pogorilyy, V. Mukha","doi":"10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-8","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The purpose of this article is research of the level of development and features of agricultural robots offered by global manufacturers and directions of robotics and their technological use in field crop rotations;the structuring and assessment of the prospects for the use of robotic agricultural autonomous means (robots) in field crop rotation. Methods: сase-studies of robotic agricultural autonomous means (robots) that are proposed for the use of mechanized processes in field crop rotations; structuring of technical solutions of robots according to their technological features and energy sources; analysis of navigation algorithms, sensor systems, artificial intelligence and other important components that are characteristic of field robots; identification of key developers/manufacturers of field robots, features of their proposed directions of robotics and technological use in field crop rotations; assessing the prospects for the application of field robots and the technological benefits of their application and taking into account the challenges such as legal aspects, safety and acceptance of the technology by farmers. Results. The conducted factor analyzes of the structural elements of field robots show that both traditional tractors and special chassis are used to transform energy into traction and drive capacity, and different levels of sensor and software are achieved. This made it possible to assess the autonomy levels of field robots and predict the scope of application depending on the power. The tractor, retrofitted with sensors and appropriate programs, provides semi-autonomous performance of basic operations in a unit with traditional agricultural machines in field crop rotations, but the presence of a person is still mandatory. Conclusions. New directions for the development of field robots use convergent technologies and are based on the deep modernization of tractors and the use of specially designed chassis with their own transmissions (concepts), the use of new energy sources and a significantly higher level of autonomy and remote control of work modes. Concepts are created as single designs and are oriented towards the performance of separate operations in a unit with agricultural machines, or with special attachments for working bodies and even in single-row execution. As a rule, they have an electric transmission, but not high power, which narrows the scope of their application. Keywords: robotic agricultural tools, field robots, autonomous tractors, electric tractors, agricultural robots, control systems of agricultural tools, mobile autonomous tools.","PeriodicalId":34711,"journal":{"name":"Tekhnikotekhnologichni aspekti rozvitku ta viprobuvannia novoyi tekhniki i tekhnologii dlia sil''s''kogo gospodarstva Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69816630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MATRICAL SEED DIVERSITY AND BIOMETRIC INDICATORS OF SOYBEAN PLANTS","authors":"M. Novokhatsky","doi":"10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-13","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of the research was to establish the patterns of soybean plants formation, depending on the matrix diversity of the sown seeds. Methods. Field experiments were conducted in the conditions of the right-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine (Kyiv agro-soil district of the right-bank forest-steppe). Factors of the experiment: factor A – variety (A1 – «Kyivska 98»; A2 – «Chernyatka»); factor B – the place of sown seed formation on the mother plant (B1 – lower tier (1–5th stem nodes), B2 – middle tier (6–10th stem nodes), B3 – upper tier (11th stem node and above), B4 – lateral branches). Soy was grown according to the technology traditional for the region, with the exception of the elements included in the experiment scheme. The influence of the studied factors on the growth of soybean plants was established by determining biometric indicators during the analysis of the sample bundle. The results. The analysis of plant height data indicates that the tallest plants of both soybean varieties were sown with seeds that were formed in the lower layer of the mother plants. The higher the sown grain was formed on the mother plant, the lower the plants that developed from it were. There is an inverse correlation between the height (tier) of seed formation on the mother plant and the height of the plants of the next generation, expressed by the correlation coefficient r = –0.517. Our analysis shows the existence of weak inverse correlation dependence between the place of seed formation on the mother plant and the number of nodes on the main stem in plants of the next generation: r = –0.504. A tighter inverse relationship exists between the place of seed formation on the mother plant and the number of nodes with beans on the main stem in plants of the next generation: r = –0.762. Correlation analysis indicates that the height of attachment of the lower beans, according to the experimental data we obtained, is connected by a direct correlation, expressed by the coefficient r = 0.913, with the height of plants and an average inverse correlation with the place (tier) of seed formation on the mother plant (r = –0.517). Conclusions. On the basis of experimental data, it was established that in the conditions of the Right-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine, biometric indicators of soybean plants depend on the variety, the place of seed formation on the mother plant, as well as on other conditions. Sowing with seeds formed in the lower tier of the main stem of mother plants causes the formation of plants with maximum plant height indicators (84.4 cm in «Kyivska 98» variety and 81.2 cm in «Chernyatka» variety), stem thickness at the root neck (6.1 mm in plants of «Kyivska 98» variety and 6.3 mm in plants of «Chernyatka» variety), the height of attachment of lower beans (17.9 cm in plants of «Kyivska 98» variety, 18.1 cm in plants of «Сhernyatka» variety). There is an inverse correlation between the height (tier) of seed formation on the mother plant and the height","PeriodicalId":34711,"journal":{"name":"Tekhnikotekhnologichni aspekti rozvitku ta viprobuvannia novoyi tekhniki i tekhnologii dlia sil''s''kogo gospodarstva Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69814667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FORECAST ESTIMATES OF YIELD AND INDIRECT PRODUCTION LOSSES OF MAIN AGRICULTURAL CROPS IN UKRAINE IN 2023 UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL LAW","authors":"S. Khalin, N. Maidanovych, R. Saidak, M. Novokhatskyi","doi":"10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-17","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The purpose of the work is to highlight the results of forecasting the yield and production of the main agricultural crops in 2023 based on the operational data of remote agromonitoring and the assessment of indirect losses of the gross harvest of grain and leguminous crops in Ukraine under martial law. Methods and materials. Predictive estimates of the yield of agricultural crops are calculated on the basis of statistical data on their productivity for the period 2000-2022 and remote agricultural monitoring data (NDVI indices) on the state of crops in Ukraine in the spring of 2023. Standard methods of correlation-regression analysis were used to establish relationships between NDVI indicators and regional average yield values of the main field crops. Potential indirect production losses of the group of grain and leguminous crops in Ukraine in 2023 were calculated based on the dynamics of the reduction of sowing and harvesting areas in the conditions of martial law and, accordingly, from the losses for the country’s agrarian sector due to the lack of potential profit from the sale of grain, estimated at domestic purchase prices. Results. According to estimates based on actual winter sowing volumes and spring sowing rates, the harvested area of grain and leguminous crops in 2023 is expected to be about 10.4 million hectares. The average yield of grain and leguminous crops in Ukraine as a whole is predicted with a probability of 80-85% at the level of 47-49 t/ha, which according to preliminary estimates is close to last year’s value and the average indicators of the pre-war level. At the same time, the gross harvest of grain and leguminous crops is expected at the level of 48.4-50.5 million tons, compared to the average pre-war level of 75 million tons. That is, the losses from military aggression only for the loss of production of this group of crops currently reach about 25-24 million tons or more than UAH 150 billion. Conclusions. Military aggression against Ukraine will have negative consequences for the cultivation of agricultural crops in 2023, mainly due to the shortage of mineral fertilizers, pesticides and other means of production, the general reduction of sown areas and a number of other negative economic consequences, however, the projected production volumes of grain crops are currently sufficient to ensure needs of the Ukrainian population.","PeriodicalId":34711,"journal":{"name":"Tekhnikotekhnologichni aspekti rozvitku ta viprobuvannia novoyi tekhniki i tekhnologii dlia sil''s''kogo gospodarstva Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69815701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}