{"title":"An Investigation of Damages in Low Power Wind Turbine Blades","authors":"Sabbah Ataia, M. Ahmed, Essam Ahmed","doi":"10.21608/JPME.2018.39125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JPME.2018.39125","url":null,"abstract":"Data in the literature about the various types of damages in wind turbines which may result during manufacturing or operation is not enough. In the current work, a number of 18 blades of 300 kW and 81 blades of 100 kW power wind turbines are inspected using visual test (VT) and if needed using liquid penetrant test (PT) when needed. The location and size of discontinuities found are measured and documented. Types of discontinuities are categorized into four main groups: 1) Transverse cracks and longitudinal cracks, 2) Hair line surface cracks, coating pores, surface damages, holes or penetrations, 3) Edge cuts or crushing and side separation, and 4) reworked areas. The gathered data are analyzed to allocate the different forms of discontinuities about the blade length, to establish an indication of the rotor blades working conditions. It is found that the transverse carks are concentrated at the highly loaded and geometric change region of trailing edge. Longitudinal cracks up to 59 cm long are detected also at the region of the geometric change; i.e. in the root and the cover of the aerodynamic zone. Edge damages such as edge cuts or crushing and partial side separation are found in the sharp trailing edge. Surface and coating damages are observed on the leading edge due to erosion.","PeriodicalId":34437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43882408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Production and Characterization of AA7075-Graphite Composite Using Friction Stir Processing","authors":"O. M. Awad, M. Seleman, M. Ahmed, H. Ammar","doi":"10.21608/JPME.2018.40652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JPME.2018.40652","url":null,"abstract":"AA 7075 Aluminum alloy has been received a special attention in aerospace and transportation industries because it provides a good combination of strength, ductility, and toughness. In this study, friction stir processing (FSP) technique is used to produce a self-lubricating AA7075/graphite composite. The composite was produced at different rotating speeds of 400, 800, and 1200 rpm with a constant traveling speed of 50 mm/min and 3⁰ tilt angle applied for one and two passes for each condition. Optical microscopy (OM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate microstructure. Vickers hardness and wear testing were conducted to the composite specimens. It was obtained that the dispersion of graphite particles in the AA7075 Al alloy enhanced by increasing both rotating speed and number of passes. The produced AA7075/graphite composite showed higher hardness and wear resistance than the AA7075 base alloy. The highest hardness value (156.2 Hv) was gained for the produced AA7075/graphite composite at 800 rpm rotating speed after FSP second pass comparing to base metal (79 Hv). Whereas, the higher wear resistance value was obtained for the processed composite at 800 rpm after the FSP first pass.","PeriodicalId":34437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46448931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Study on Gas Compressibility Factor for Gas-Condensate Systems","authors":"Ali Wahba, H. Khattab, A. Gawish","doi":"10.21608/JPME.2018.38796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JPME.2018.38796","url":null,"abstract":"Gas compressibility factor is the most important gas property. Its value is required in many petroleum engineering calculations. There are many different sources of gas compressibility factor value such as experimental measurements, equations of state, charts, tables, intelligent approaches and empirical correlations methods. In absence of experimental measurements of gas compressibility factor values, it is necessary for the petroleum engineer to find an accurate, quick and reliable method for predicting these values. This study presents a new gas compressibility factor explicit empirical correlation for gas-condensate reservoir systems above dew point pressure. This new correlation is more robust, reliable and efficient than the previously published explicit empirical correlations. It is also in a simple mathematical form. The predicted value using this new correlation can be used as an initial value of implicit correlations to avoid huge number of iterations. This study also presents evaluation of the new and previously published explicit correlations.","PeriodicalId":34437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45163770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Khattab, M. Tantawy, Ahmed A. Hawish, E. Mahmoud
{"title":"Reservoir Pressure Determination Using “After Hydraulic Fracturing Closure Analysis” technique","authors":"H. Khattab, M. Tantawy, Ahmed A. Hawish, E. Mahmoud","doi":"10.21608/JPME.2015.39246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JPME.2015.39246","url":null,"abstract":"The pressure of a reservoir is one of the most important parameters that is needed to calculate the hydrocarbon accumulation. Once the reservoir pressure is estimated, the fluid properties can be obtained via different correlations. Combined with the reservoir bulk volumes, the hydrocarbons in-place and recovery factor can be easily calculated. Consequently, if the estimate of the reservoir pressure is not accurate enough, it will be extremely difficult to determine the type of fluid we are dealing with; either saturated or undersaturated oil reservoir. In addition, it will be very challenging to accurately forecast production performance. During the last decades, the technology of Hydraulic fracturing plays one of the most important rule in the petroleum industry. It has become the magic tool for many companies to change the fields’ status from non-economic to economic. The objectives of fracturing low permeability reservoirs and high permeability reservoirs are variant and defined by reservoir parameters. Besides that, hydraulic fracture provides a new method to determine reservoir pressure and to estimate reservoir permeability, this method is called After Closure Analysis (ACA) Technique. ACA is one of the two analyses that are obtained by performing a Calibration Test, which is usually done before executing main hydraulic job. The two main analyses of Calibration Test are Pre-Closure analysis, which is used to optimize the fracture design, and ACA to determine reservoir pressure and estimate reservoir permeability. This paper illustrates some real cases that show the reasons why ACA is considered a very reliable technique to accurately determine the reservoir parameters with no considerable amount of funds compared to other counterparts’ traditional techniques; like wireline formation testing (WFT) and pressure transient analysis (PTA). Also the paper shows how extra cost and non-productive time can be avoided if the right parameters are gotten on the rig site.","PeriodicalId":34437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68520440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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