Species and speciation. Analysis of new views and trends最新文献_第2页

The species problem in biology – another look 生物学中的物种问题——另一个视角

Species and speciation. Analysis of new views and trends Pub Date : 2009-07-25 DOI: 10.31610/trudyzin/2009.supl.1.250

I. Pavlinov

{"title":"The species problem in biology – another look","authors":"I. Pavlinov","doi":"10.31610/trudyzin/2009.supl.1.250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2009.supl.1.250","url":null,"abstract":"The modern species problem in biology is defined as a contradiction between the need for general notion of the species having a unified contents in various branches of biology, and impossibility to reach it. Any species concept becomes biologically valid under conditions of a biologically sound basic theory, which defines what is the species in a general case and why and how does it come to existence. There a hierarchy of species concepts and definition exist, with a most general «ideal» concept (a kind of «species theory») belonging to its highest level of generality. No such concept is known to exist at the moment; one of its version could be elaborated within a theoretical framework of synergetic model of developing and structuring biota, with the species being an element of the biota’s structure. A number of particular contentwise species concepts belong to the middle level of that hierarchy, each corresponding to a particular aspect of consideration of the biota’s structure. Different middle-level species concepts and definitions could be valid for the different taxonomic groups and for the different tasks of exploration of that structure. Operational species concepts belong to the lower level of that hierarchy, which principal aim is to elaborate particular methods of recognition of particular species. To be biologically sound, they are to be consistent with certain middle-level concept(s). With the universal, biologically sound species concept being absent, it is the taxonomic species concept that is a classificatory unversalia. However, its biological contents is different in different groups of organisms. Judgments about species diversity are special kind of the «taxonomic hypotheses», which are dawn and tested within a framework of certain basic biological theory fixing certain aspect of consideration of the biota’s structure. Personal knowledge plays an important role in understanding of both the species problem in general and the ways it could be resolved in form of particular species concepts and definitions.","PeriodicalId":344032,"journal":{"name":"Species and speciation. Analysis of new views and trends","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133572951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fractal and chaotic patterns in animal morphology 动物形态学中的分形和混沌模式

Species and speciation. Analysis of new views and trends Pub Date : 2009-07-25 DOI: 10.31610/trudyzin/2009.supl.1.199

V. Isaeva

{"title":"Fractal and chaotic patterns in animal morphology","authors":"V. Isaeva","doi":"10.31610/trudyzin/2009.supl.1.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2009.supl.1.199","url":null,"abstract":"In the review the spatial organization of cells, cell ensembles, tissues and metazoan body are considered using the concepts of fractal geometry, topology and dynamic chaos theory. We investigated both the scenario of transition from chaos into order during self-organization of cells in vitro and the reverse scenario of transition from order to chaos in the fractal morphogenesis of metazoan cell systems. Chaotic features in animal morphology were identified and quantified. Fractal morphogenesis was studied using epithelial branching channels of gastrovascular system in the scyphomeduse Aurelia aurita and tracheal gill system in the mayfly larvae Siphlonurus immanis and Parameletus chelifer, as well as structures of colonial interna in rhizocephalan crustaceans Peltogasterella gracilis and Polyascus polygenea. It was shown that completely identical fractal patterns do not occur even within a single animal body with radial or bilateral symmetric, functionally equivalent repetitive modules. Fractal dimension was used to quantify the spatial complexity of neuron morphology in central nervous system of the fishes Pholidapus dybowskii, Oncorhyhchus keta and Oncorhyhchus masou. During ontogenesis of Oncorhyhchus masou the values of fractal dimension and linear morphometric indicators were rising in studied neuron groups. Probably biological morphogenesis with chaotic fractal regime had an advantage in evolution, providing morphofunctional variability, plasticity and adaptability to unpredictable environmental changes.","PeriodicalId":344032,"journal":{"name":"Species and speciation. Analysis of new views and trends","volume":"405 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116493971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discontinuity and sporadicity as species features 作为物种特征的不连续性和散发性

Species and speciation. Analysis of new views and trends Pub Date : 2009-07-25 DOI: 10.31610/trudyzin/2009.supl.1.106

V. Krivokhatsky

引用次数: 3

Discrete adaptive norms: mechanisms and role in evolution 离散适应规范:进化中的机制和作用

Species and speciation. Analysis of new views and trends Pub Date : 2009-07-25 DOI: 10.31610/trudyzin/2009.supl.1.219

V. Khlebovich

引用次数: 2