Revista Peruana de Biología最新文献

Contribution of vegetation fragments to carbon storage in agricultural landscapes of the Peruvian Amazon 秘鲁亚马逊农业景观中植被碎片对碳储存的贡献

Revista Peruana de Biología Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v31i2.27004

J. W. Vela Alvarado, Zoyla-Mirella Clavo, Noé Ramírez-Flores, Pablo Pedro Villegas Panduro, Carlos Saito Villanueva

{"title":"Contribution of vegetation fragments to carbon storage in agricultural landscapes of the Peruvian Amazon","authors":"J. W. Vela Alvarado, Zoyla-Mirella Clavo, Noé Ramírez-Flores, Pablo Pedro Villegas Panduro, Carlos Saito Villanueva","doi":"10.15381/rpb.v31i2.27004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v31i2.27004","url":null,"abstract":"En el presente estudio se cuantifican las reservas de carbono existentes en siete fragmentos del paisaje agropecuario: (1) el bosque primario altamente talado, (2) bosques secundarios de 5, (3) 10 y (4) 15 años procedentes de pasturas, (5) agroforestería de cacao, (6) pastizal de Brachiaria decumbens en producción y (7) pastizal de Brachiaria decumbens degradado; estos fragmentos son característicos de los fundos agropecuarios del departamento de Ucayali, Perú. El carbono almacenado (la suma total de la parte aérea y del suelo) en el Bosque Primario fue de 267.26 t/ha; en Bosque Secundario de 15 años 232.30 t/ha; en Bosque Secundario de 10 años, 162.1 t/ha; en Bosque Secundario de 5 años, 124.42 t/ha; en agroforestería con cacao, 108.82 t/ha; en pastizal de B. decumbens, 72.57 t/ha; y en pastizal de B. decumbens degradada, 60.47 t/ha. Se observaron diferencias significativas (p ≤ 0.0001) entre los valores de carbono almacenado de los siete fragmentos, (R2 = 0.51, y CV = 53.66%). La prueba de contrastes ortogonales mostró que el carbono almacenado en el fragmento de bosque primario superó significativamente al promedio de carbono de los demás fragmentos; mientras que, el carbono almacenado en los bosques secundarios superó significativamente al carbono almacenado en el fragmento de agroforestería de cacao. No se encontraron diferencias del carbono almacenado en ambas pasturas, tampoco entre los bosques secundarios de 10 y 15 años. El incremento del número de familias y especies en relación directa a la edad del bosque secundario seria evidencia de la recuperación de la diversidad botánica.","PeriodicalId":342845,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Biología","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141710897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Construcción de plásmidos mediante clonación in vivo para la búsqueda y caracterización de oligopéptidos quelantes de hierro en Saccharomyces cerevisiae 通过体内克隆构建质粒，用于寻找和鉴定酿酒酵母中的铁螯合寡肽

Revista Peruana de Biología Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v31i2.27218

Pamela E. Canales, Alondra I. Badillo, Ana A. Kitazono

{"title":"Construcción de plásmidos mediante clonación in vivo para la búsqueda y caracterización de oligopéptidos quelantes de hierro en Saccharomyces cerevisiae","authors":"Pamela E. Canales, Alondra I. Badillo, Ana A. Kitazono","doi":"10.15381/rpb.v31i2.27218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v31i2.27218","url":null,"abstract":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast serves as a nutritional supplement and food additive that may offer highly bioavailable iron. Several studies have demonstrated the viability of using iron-chelating oligopeptides to treat anaemia, suggesting that their production in yeast cells could advantageously provide an easy-to-use supplement. In this study, an in vivo cloning strategy was optimized to construct a semi-random plasmid library that enables the production of oligopeptides with six repetitions of Asp/Glu-Asp/Glu-Leu sequences. In these sequences, the first and second positions can include either aspartate or glutamate residues, while the third is always leucine. Additionally, several plasmids were constructed to allow the study of variants of the Arg-Glu-Glu oligopeptide, previously reported as an iron chelator. In each case, the required plasmid constructions were performed using an in vivo cloning strategy in S. cerevisiae, based on gap repair by homologous recombination. The procedure involves the co-transformation of yeast cells with the linearized plasmid and the fragment to be cloned, both with homologous flanking sequences. The resulting transformants harbor the correctly assembled plasmids and begin expressing the cloned genes, thereby enabling immediate analysis of the synthesized oligopeptides with known or semi-random sequences.","PeriodicalId":342845,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Biología","volume":"18 S21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141696364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanical scarification increases seed germination of Neltuma alba (Fabaceae), a threatened tree from the Atacama Desert 机械除痕可提高阿塔卡马沙漠濒危树种 Neltuma alba（豆科）的种子萌发率

Revista Peruana de Biología Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v31i2.26571

A. M. Humaña, Carlos E. Valdivia

{"title":"Mechanical scarification increases seed germination of Neltuma alba (Fabaceae), a threatened tree from the Atacama Desert","authors":"A. M. Humaña, Carlos E. Valdivia","doi":"10.15381/rpb.v31i2.26571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v31i2.26571","url":null,"abstract":"Neltuma alba is a tree whose seeds were probably dispersed by now-extinct animals. Currently, its fruits are consumed by foxes, guanacos, donkeys, and goats, which may scarify the seeds during ingestion, thereby enhancing germination. However, these animals might damage the cotyledons when chewing the fruits, potentially reducing the survival and growth of the plants, although this occurs infrequently. We hypothesize that mechanical scarification of seeds increases their germination but does not affect the survival and growth of the plants. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of mechanical scarification on seed germination and subsequent plant survival. We scarified the seeds by sanding them before sowing them in a nursery with daily watering for six months. Subsequently, the plants were transplanted to the field, where they received daily watering for six months, biweekly watering for the next twelve months, and no watering for the following two years. Seed scarification significantly increased germination by 1.5 times: 58 and 39% germination in scarified and non-scarified seeds, respectively. Scarification did not significantly affect plant survival. Survival rates were 93, 67, 67, and 26% at the end of the first, second, third, and fourth years, respectively. Similarly, scarification did not significantly affect plant height, with plants reaching heights of 28, 59, 74, and 118 cm in the first, second, third, and fourth years, respectively. Understanding the limiting factors for the reproduction of endangered plants in the Atacama Desert is crucial for proposing effective conservation actions.","PeriodicalId":342845,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Biología","volume":"26 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141693452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New records of birds with color alterations from Ecuador 厄瓜多尔鸟类褪色新记录

Revista Peruana de Biología Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v31i2.27481

Héctor Cadena-Ortiz, Jorge Humbser, Paul Molina Abril

引用次数: 0

Analysis of the population viability of Rhea pennata in Peru 秘鲁美洲小鸵种群生存能力分析

Revista Peruana de Biología Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v31i2.25767

Willy Maldonado Chambi, Diana Felicitas Beltrán Farfán

{"title":"Analysis of the population viability of Rhea pennata in Peru","authors":"Willy Maldonado Chambi, Diana Felicitas Beltrán Farfán","doi":"10.15381/rpb.v31i2.25767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v31i2.25767","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a population viability analysis (PVA) is conducted on the population of Rhea pennata, a bird categorized as Critically Endangered (CR), with an estimated population size of 350 individuals in Peru. The data were analyzed using VORTEX 9.6 software, and eight scenarios and combinations were modeled to determine the annual population growth rate under the influence of anthropogenic, demographic, environmental, and genetic factors. The results indicate that the Rhea pennata population is not viable, with a negative population growth rate (r= −0.11), meaning the population decreases by 11% per year. A combined effect of anthropogenic factors, such as egg collection, genetic factors like inbreeding, and environmental factors such as intense snowfalls, further reduces the growth rate (r= −0.18). In this scenario, the probability of extinction occurs in approximately 50 years. The effect of inbreeding in an adult population of 50 individuals in a fragmented habitat would lead to extinction in approximately 25 to 30 years. The only scenario where the population is viable in the long term involves repopulation, requiring the release of 38 population groups over a period of 15 years in an area of approximately 27000 km2, which must be under some conservation measure, such as protected natural areas or other area-based conservation measures.","PeriodicalId":342845,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Biología","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141711671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rhynchospora y Carex (Cyperaceae) en los Andes de Lambayeque, Perú 秘鲁兰巴耶克安第斯山脉中的Rhynchospora和Carex（鹅掌楸科）植物

Revista Peruana de Biología Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v17i3.27299

Maria Perez Chapoñan, Jose Ayasta Varona, Ana Juarez Chunga

引用次数: 0

Notas taxonómicas sobre Pertyella Mickel, 1952 (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae): Pertyella Mickel，1952（膜翅目：恙螨科）的分类说明：

Revista Peruana de Biología Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v31i2.26220

R. Cambra, Kevin A. Williams, Ramon L. Ramos, Pedro R. Bartholomay, Matheus E. Trindade-Santos, F. Oliveira

{"title":"Notas taxonómicas sobre Pertyella Mickel, 1952 (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae):","authors":"R. Cambra, Kevin A. Williams, Ramon L. Ramos, Pedro R. Bartholomay, Matheus E. Trindade-Santos, F. Oliveira","doi":"10.15381/rpb.v31i2.26220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v31i2.26220","url":null,"abstract":"Se revisan las especies anteriormente incluidas en el grupo de especies de Pertyella camposseabrai. Las siguientes dos especies se transfieren del género Mutilla a Pertyella: P. angulosa (Burmeister, 1854) combinación nueva y P. carinigena (Cresson, 1902) combinación nueva. Se proponen las siguientes sinonimias nuevas: P. mayri (Kohl, 1882); P. paulista Casal, 1964; P. viuva Casal, 1964; P. itinga Casal, 1964; P. camposseabrai Casal, 1964; P. uzai Fritz, 1990 y P. diasi Fritz, 1990 son jr. sinónimos de P. angulosa; P. lenti Casal, 1964 es un jr. sinónimo de P. carinigena; P. aguaz Fritz, 1990 es un jr. sinónimo de P. cordoi Fritz, 1990. Se describe una especie nueva en este grupo, Pertyella quirosae sp. nov.. La mayoría de los caracteres que se usaban anteriormente para definir este grupo de especies no son consistentes o exclusivos del grupo. En virtud de que se cambiaron las características de diagnóstico y las especies componentes de este grupo de especies, y debido a que en este momento se dispone de un nombre más antiguo, ahora se denomina especies del grupo P. angulosa. Las hembras de este grupo pueden ser reconocidas por tener el mesosoma con franjas laterales de densas setas plateadas o blanquecinas. Se proporciona una clave para las especies del grupo P. angulosa y nuevos registros de distribución.\u0000Publicación registrada en Zoobank/ZooBank article registered:LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AAB6E4E0-812C-4AC6-B738-88F38514DB24Acto nomenclatural/nomenclatural act:Pertyella quirosae Cambra & Williams, 2024LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C9050F6F-FABB-4FF3-AE58-D1DA5EA63310","PeriodicalId":342845,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Biología","volume":"622 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141707689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluación preliminar de la diversidad de escarabajos en un paisaje fragmentado del bosque seco tropical ecuatoriano 厄瓜多尔热带干旱森林破碎景观中甲虫多样性的初步评估

Revista Peruana de Biología Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v31i2.26750

Stefania León-Parrales, Taryn Ghia, Jaime Salas, Andrea Narvaez

{"title":"Evaluación preliminar de la diversidad de escarabajos en un paisaje fragmentado del bosque seco tropical ecuatoriano","authors":"Stefania León-Parrales, Taryn Ghia, Jaime Salas, Andrea Narvaez","doi":"10.15381/rpb.v31i2.26750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v31i2.26750","url":null,"abstract":"Las alteraciones del paisaje pueden afectar los ensambles de escarabajos donde las especies sensibles pueden desaparecer y las poblaciones de especies altamente adaptadas pueden aumentar. Se evaluó la diversidad de escarabajos en un bosque restaurado y tierras de cultivo del bosque seco tropical de Ecuador. Se realizó trampas de caída y recolección manual en tres sitios; dos sitios con tierras de cultivo y un sitio con remanente de bosque secundario. Se usaron cuatro tipos de cebo para atraer escarabajos que se alimentaban de diferentes recursos para lograr una evaluación preliminar adecuada del ensamble de escarabajos. Este estudio es la primera aproximación a la caracterización de la comunidad de coleópteros en el bosque seco tropical de Manabí. Reportamos 64 morfoespecies asociadas con tierras productivas y bosques fragmentados y destacamos la presencia de algunos géneros resilientes como Canthon, Canthidium, Deltochilum y Euspilotus que se han adaptado con éxito a ecosistemas perturbados; por otro lado, Phyllophaga y Diabrotica también fueron detectados principalmente en el paisaje de cultivos. En general, presentamos una línea de base de la composición de escarabajos en un bosque secundario y tierras de cultivo, y brindamos información relevante para una evaluación adicional del cambio de uso del suelo en la región.","PeriodicalId":342845,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Biología","volume":"24 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141717126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estudio histológico del talón y saco glandular anexo de Megalobulimus (Gastropoda, Strophocheilidae) Megalobulimus（腹足纲，栉水母科）足跟和附件腺囊的组织学研究

Revista Peruana de Biología Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v17i3.27491

Haydee Temoche, Betty Shiga, R. Ramírez

{"title":"Estudio histológico del talón y saco glandular anexo de Megalobulimus (Gastropoda, Strophocheilidae)","authors":"Haydee Temoche, Betty Shiga, R. Ramírez","doi":"10.15381/rpb.v17i3.27491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v17i3.27491","url":null,"abstract":"En el presente estudio se describe la histología del talón y del saco glandular anexo (SGA) del sistema reproductor de cinco especies de Megalobulimus (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Strophocheilidae). Para ello, se utilizó la técnica de coloración de Hematoxilina-Eosina. Se encontró que el talón es una estructura muscular compacta que alberga la bolsa de fertilización, una estructura tubular revestida por un epitelio cilíndrico ciliado replegado, en cuyo extremo proximal se conecta el conducto hermafrodita. Este conducto termina en la cámara de fertilización, desde donde parten los túbulos de la espermateca, los cuales se ramifican hasta su extremo ciego y almacenan espermatozoides exógenos. En los túbulos se observaron espermatozoides, en su mayoría con las cabezas fijadas en las células epiteliales ciliadas y las colas libres en el lumen. La pared del SGA presenta una capa externa de músculo liso y, recubriendo el lumen, un epitelio cilíndrico glandular no ciliado con distintos grados de plegamiento y células mucosas subepiteliales. Las secreciones de estas células desembocan en el conducto colector cerca de la base del talón. Lejos de la glándula de la albúmina se observó una sustancia similar junto con espermatozoides exógenos en los túbulos de la espermateca. Se identificaron diferencias entre las especies, destacándose como característica filogenéticamente relevante la diferenciación del talón, la cual fue más pronunciada en M. capillaceus en comparación con las otras cuatro especies estudiadas (M. popelairianus, M. carrikeri, M. leucostoma y M. maximus).","PeriodicalId":342845,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Biología","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141713912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Taxonomic updates of Cheilanthes Sw. (Pteridaceae) in Peru, with a conservation assessment for four endemics 更新秘鲁蝶形花（Cheilanthes Sw.(秘鲁的蝶形花（Pteridaceae），以及对四种特有植物的保护评估

Revista Peruana de Biología Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v31i1.26205

Soledad Rivera, Blanca León, Mónica Arakaki

{"title":"Taxonomic updates of Cheilanthes Sw. (Pteridaceae) in Peru, with a conservation assessment for four endemics","authors":"Soledad Rivera, Blanca León, Mónica Arakaki","doi":"10.15381/rpb.v31i1.26205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v31i1.26205","url":null,"abstract":"In its most recent concept, the genus Cheilanthes encompasses three clades distributed across South America, Africa, and Australasia. Previous studies in Peru recorded 23 species; however, advancements in molecular systematic have led to the segregation of eight of them into at least three genera. In this study, 15 species are recognized in the Peruvian flora based on the examination of 459 herbarium and field specimens, and the evaluation of morphological characters using 131 specimens. The affinities among the lineages proposed in this study are consistent with recent phylogenetic hypotheses, wherein Cheilanthes species in Peru are members of two clades, the South American and the Australasian-South American, with taxonomically important characters being the shape of rhizomatous scales and types of frond indumentum (scales, microscales, scuamules, and hairs). We found that the genus Cheilanthes is present in 20 departments of Peru, with most species having wide distribution in the central-southern Andean regions, four species having endemic status. Meanwhile, C. cantangensis, C. lonchophylla, and C. obducta are poorly represented in the northern region. The first two species are considered endemic and categorized as Endangered (EN), while the other two are classified as Least Concern (LC). Additionally, a taxonomic key is provided.","PeriodicalId":342845,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Biología","volume":"118 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140237864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0